http://ijaers.com/ Open Access international Journal to publish research paper en-us January Metal-organic frameworks with porous characteristics are applied in many fields. This study used it as a superior raw material source for making transition metal oxides. By calcining the copper 1,3,5-benzene tricarboxylate framework in ambient air, copper(II) oxide was produced. The calcination temperature was investigated in the range of 250 to 700 °C. At a calcination temperature of 550 °C, the resultant CuO has a homogeneous size and shape within the 1-2 um range. CuO’s surface area of 33.16 m2/g is more excellent than several other materials and technologies used in CuO manufacture. Utilizing CuO generated by the MOF-199 calcination process for enhanced oxidation catalysis in treating organic gases and vapors is based on the research findings. http://ijaers.com/detail/fabrication-of-pure-porous-cuo-from-microwave-synthesized-mof-199-by-calcination-in-ambient-air/ Nam Ho Phung Khac http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/1IJAERS-12202311-Fabrication.pdf This paper presents an in-depth study of road sign recognition techniques leveraging neural networks. Road sign recognition stands as a critical component of intelligent transportation systems, contributing to enhanced road safety and efficient traffic management. The paper focuses on exploring various neural network architectures for example, backpropagation neural network and hybrid neural network which is a combination of two neural network (backpropagation neural network and bidirectional associative memory), training methodologies, dataset considerations, and performance evaluations for accurate and real-time recognition of road signs. The experimental result shows that the hybrid neural network is faster than the backpropagation neural network in the completion of the training process with higher recognition accuracy. http://ijaers.com/detail/performance-evaluation-of-neural-networks-in-road-sign-recognition/ Sanjit Kumar Saha http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/2IJAERS-0120241-Performance.pdf Our work focuses on the numerical study of two-dimensional and transient natural convection in a fluid confined within a crescent-shaped space delimited by two horizontal cylinders. The upper wall is subjected to a non-uniform heat flux, while the lower wall experiences a uniform heat flux, thereby generating thermal natural convection. The transfer equations are solved in a bi-cylindrical coordinate system using the formalism of stream function and vorticity, and then integrated using the finite difference method. Subsequently, these transfer equations are integrated using S.V Patankar's finite difference method with an implicit scheme. The computational program is implemented using Maple V Release Student software. The discretization of the equations highlights the following parameters: the Prandtl number (Pr), the modified Grashof number (Gr), and the aspect ratio (r2/r1). The Prandtl number is fixed at 0.7. The results include temperature distributions, local and average Nusselt values, as well as graphs illustrating variations in various parameters based on slice indices. http://ijaers.com/detail/computational-analysis-of-the-transition-of-a-system-between-two-non-equilibrium-stationary-states-through-two-dimensional-laminar-natural-convection-in-a-cylindrical-cavity/ Herimiah Rakotondranja Stelarijao Eloi, Raminosoa Andrianary Lala, Ramanantsoa Ravo Mparany, Randrianandraina Hery Zo, Rakotomalala Minoson, Razafinjato Victor Albert http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/3IJAERS-0120245-Computational.pdf This work presents a methodology for reconstructing multiphase flow electrical capacitive tomography (ECT) images, using a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm in the parallel processing paradigm. Intended is to improve the efficiency of the inverse problem algorithm in ECT, increasing the resolution of the reconstructed images, without necessarily increasing the processing time of these reconstruction technique. A limitation found is that, for inverse problem-type reconstruction techniques for ECT, the response of the sensor system is non-linear and, therefore, the processing time grows faster than any increase in resolution, imposing a high computational cost. For real-time applications, the first contribution is the removal of unnecessary processing from the usual code; the second is the creation of a new PSO algorithm for image reconstruction that is more efficient than normal. The new parallel processing routine present the physical principles of ECT, the heuristic algorithms used in the reconstruction process and the main concepts for parallel computing. http://ijaers.com/detail/particle-swarm-algorithm-applied-to-image-reconstruction-on-multiphase-flows/ B. C. B. N. Souza, R. A. M. Junior, M. G. Nascimento, C. S. Gonçalves, D. V. B. Siqueira, R. A. Câmara http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/4IJAERS-11202311-Particle.pdf Cementation process in oil well drilling can be challenging, causing serious well control issues. The properties of cement slurry aid the designer to know the accurate dynamic placement of the cement slurry from surface to downhole of the wellbore. It presents the stability of locally sourced CaCO3 and class G cement slurry blend, giving insight to the effective pumpability and setting time for better slurry placement. Utilization of locally source recipes serving as an alternative use to imported additives in the reduction of oilfield cementation operations is imperative, considering the cost of imported chemicals. In this paper, fine CaCO3 identified as an acid-soluble additive was used for the design and formulation of a plug cementation operation through coil tubing for zonal isolations. Four different blends of CaCO3 containing 20%, 25% 30%, 40% BWOC and 100% Class ‘G’ cement used for the experiment at a test temperature of 175degree F BHST and a slurry density of 15.8ppg to ascertain the impact of CaCO3 on the mixability, pumpability, stability on the cement slurry. The placement time and strength data of cement slurry is very crucial to meeting planned cementing schedule. From the thickening time evaluation, at 40BC an average range of 8hrs-11hrs pumpable time was deduced for all blends. However, the point of departure for 30% CaCO3 BWOC showed a better result. The result helped to provide real-time information about the initial compressive strength development in the slurry specimen and this aids in determining waiting on cement time (WOC). It indicates that the more calcium carbonate in the system, the lesser the strength which means that the presence of calcium carbonate reduces the compressive strength in an acid-soluble cement slurry compared to the neat slurry. The paper presents experimental details on the average wait on cement time and the pumpable time for acid soluble cement slurry, contributing to data gathering and proper well planning before execution and. competency in the use of the slurry designs have been established in this work. http://ijaers.com/detail/effect-of-calcium-carbonate-on-the-properties-of-acid-soluble-cement-slurry/ Catherine Ijeoma Mietei-Ileberi, John Vitus Anaele, Samuel Mofunlewi http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/5IJAERS-0120244-Effectof.pdf This study serves as an extension of prior research focusing on weighting coefficients within the context of weighted Taylor series. The primary objective is to determine the weighting coefficients' values in the weighted Taylor series for the purpose of modeling water waves based on velocity potential. Utilizing the weighted Taylor series, we derive both the weighted continuity equation and the weighted Laplace equation. The latter is addressed using the variable separation method over a sloping bottom, leading to the formulation of the velocity potential equation, wave constant equations, and energy conservation equations. Within the wave constant equations, a breaking equation is incorporated. Leveraging both the breaking equation and the energy conservation equations, breaking indexes equations are formulated. These equations encompass breaker length, breaker depth, and breaker height indexes, with weighting coefficients prominently featured. Calibrating the results of the breaking indexes equations against findings from earlier studies provides suitable values for the weighting coefficients. Additionally, this research introduces a shoaling-breaking model and a refraction-diffraction model to explore the phenomena of shoaling-breaking within the solution of the weighted Laplace equation. http://ijaers.com/detail/breaking-index-study-on-weighted-laplace-equation/ Syawaluddin Hutahaean http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/6IJAERS-0120246-Breaking.pdf Control system intellectualization issues are observed. The need for intellectualization of a diverse variety of systems and control approaches is supported. The hierarchy of intellectual control levels is examined, and various artificial intelligence methods are compared. Intelligence control for complex systems involves using advanced algorithms and techniques, such as artificial intelligence and machine learning, to effectively manage and manipulate complex systems. This includes creating models and simulations to understand the system's behavior, sensing and acquiring real-time data, preprocessing and analyzing the data, making decisions based on the analyzed data and system models, adapting control strategies in real-time, facilitating human-machine interaction, monitoring performance, and optimizing control strategies. The goal is to improve efficiency, safety, reliability, and overall performance of complex systems in various domains. http://ijaers.com/detail/a-comprehensive-review-on-intelligence-control-for-complex-system/ Md Jubair, Hossain MD Sabbir, Ngulube Lazarous, Hantosh Ali Hasan Abdulkarem, Shimul Paul, Muhammad Sabeeh khan, Mohammed Arfan, Abdullah al Rakib http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/7IJAERS-1220239-AComprehensive.pdf Electricity is the main source used in the refrigeration process of environments and machines. Global warming and the expansion of the tropical belt increase the demand for refrigeration. The use of so-lar-assisted air conditioning has a great potential, especially in sub-tropical regions with high solar radiation contributing to demand´s fulfillment and reducing electricity from non-renewable sources. It has cooling potential in buildings reducing electricity´s peak demand, ecological footprint reducing carbon emissions and building´s ther-mal load using ecological refrigerants. Also benefits the urban mi-croclimate absorbing solar irradiation into the rooftop. The objective of this article is to survey the factors that influence the selection of components for a solar-assisted cooling system in buildings under different climatic conditions using an exploratory methodology based on the bibliography and on a survey of the state of the art describing the fundamental aspects and components of this technology, its func-tion, and benefits. Non-thermally driven applications were also con-sidered, such as conventional steam compression chiller, driven by electricity and compression cycle by photovoltaic energy. Different cooling systems at full load are compared. The research was applied in a school building in the city of Rio de Janeiro, concluding that so-lar-assisted refrigeration is an energetic and environmentally com-petitive alternative compared to compressors powered by electricity in conventional refrigeration systems. http://ijaers.com/detail/technical-and-economic-assessment-of-the-integration-of-refrigeration-concepts-into-the-proceeding-extension-of-solar-energy-systems-in-brazil/ Christopher Wiencke, Giovani Ávila, Katja Biek http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/8IJAERS-0120248-Technical.pdf