http://ijaers.com/ Open Access international Journal to publish research paper en-us October Introduction: The process of sexual reassignment has been a topic of political, medical, social and anthropological debate. Sex reassignment is characterized as the process that individuals who do not identify with the gender they were assigned at birth go through in order to correct what they believe is appropriate. Objective: To identify the difficulties faced by transsexual citizens during the process of sexual reassignment. Method: The work carried out followed the precepts of an exploratory study, through bibliographic research following the stages: 1st selection of the most relevant databases and articles on the process of sexual reassignment, from the last 5 years (2016-2021) which resulted in 36 national articles, 4 international articles and 2 books taken from the Google Scholar, Scielo, PUBMED, LILACS, MEDLINE databases, in Portuguese, English, Spanish and French. 2nd data collection with selective and exploratory reading, followed by recording the information collected. 3rd analysis and interpretation of the results after analytical reading of the data collected. 4th discussion of the results, after in-depth analysis of the theoretical references relating to the subject of the study. Results: In relation to this phenomenon, it is understood that the purpose of the correction, in the case of transsexuals, is the marked disharmony between sex and gender, which sometimes causes unbearable suffering, arising from the coercive force of gender on sex, suffering that impels them to demand that medicine intervene in the real body. Faced with this reality, various outpatient-surgical methods have been offered to these individuals, but it is clear that there are many obstacles to achieving this process. http://ijaers.com/detail/the-difficulties-faced-by-the-transexual-citizen-during-the-sexual-redesignation-process-a-review-of-literature/ Santino Carvalho Franco, Guilherme Alves da Silva, Ana Carolina Abdon Seixas, Walber José Gonzaga da Silva, Pedro Henrique Aguiar Lobato, Jadde de Souza Barros, Gabriel da Silva, Giulli Catarini Cei Ribeiro Lobo, Diego Oscar do Vale Faria, Luis Gabriel Silva Saraiva, Marcela Magno Miranda Bezerra, Pedro Henrique Farias dos Santos, Hanna Benayon Oliveira Sabbá, Ingrid Paola Canto Gomes de Oliveira , Mônica Maria de Moraes Lima Ferreira, Talia Pinheiro de Sousa Débora de Moraes Pena da Silva, Lauriana Marques Corrêa, Ana Carolina Rodrigues de castro, Maria Vitória Dias do Carmo http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/1IJAERS-09202411-TheDifficulties.pdf Introduction: Cerebrovascular Diseases encompass several pathologies with clinical manifestations resulting from the interruption of cerebral blood flow, which can manifest in an ischemic form, generally linked to circulation obstruction, or in a hemorrhagic form, when there is vascular rupture. Given the widespread occurrence of deaths and permanent sequelae that such diseases generate, investigation and understanding of them become essential. Objectives: To analyze the epidemiological profile of hospital mortality due to Cerebrovascular Diseases in the northern region of Brazil, from January 2014 to December 2023. Methods: This is an observational and descriptive study, which provided records of deaths due to cerebrovascular diseases in individuals from the Northern region of Brazil, between January 2014 and December 2023, obtained through the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS), using the variables color/race, age group and sex to define a mortality profile. Results: The data collected demonstrated the occurrence of 21,735 deaths due to cerebrovascular diseases in the region in question during the period considered, a value that corresponds to 6% of deaths nationally. Regarding the profile of these patients, it should be noted that 52.7% were male, 71.6% were over 60 years old and 60% declared themselves mixed race. Finally, 95% occurred urgently and 82% had their care regimen ignored. Conclusion: Thus, it is evident that cerebrovascular disorders predominate in the male population in a disadvantaged socioeconomic situation, especially elderly, brown men and possibly with restricted access to health surveillance and primary prevention mechanisms, such as encouraging and subsidizing healthy eating and physical activity. Therefore, the need for preventive actions is evident in order to guarantee the well-being and longevity of northern patients. http://ijaers.com/detail/epidemiological-analysis-of-the-mortality-profile-from-cerebrovascular-disorders-in-the-northern-region-of-brazil-in-the-last-decade/ Gabrielly Carvalho Leão, Vando Delgado de Souza Santos, Dulce Karen Costa de Vasconcelos Vieira, Israel Mariano Rabelo, Heitor Aécio Gonçalves da Silva, Jhon Victor Bahia Rodrigues, Silene do Socorro Miranda Bahia, Caio Roberto Ramos Moreira, Suami Saminez Araújo Ramos, Larissa Beatriz Pimentel Costa, Marília Leite da Silva, Moisés Soares Cavalcanti, Gércia Espínola de Figueiredo Baiana, Sebastiana Brandão da Costa, Daniele Sutherland Wallauer Rizziolli, João Lucas Watrin Braga, Letícia Adriane Medeiros da Silva, Beatriz Gobitsch Lopes de Lima, Elivanira Bento da Silva Rabêlo Guajajara, Nicole Morais Dillon, Rakel de Moraes Pedrosa, Bruna do Carmo Mesquita, Rafaella Casanova Ataíde dos Santos, Diego Romani da Costa Rodrigues, Amanda Eduarda Vieira Carrera Brasil, Eduarda Emilly Silva Costa http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/2IJAERS-1020241-Epidemiological.pdf This work is devoted to the study of the physical properties of a circuit that allows both the last remaining charges of a pile or a accumulator yes cells unique to be used in other devices and to save energy stored in a new battery and all this in the lighting domain . The corresponding device is made from a transistor, a resistor and a coil. The coil is made up of a standard ferrite core with two windings of which the primary contains 34 turns and the secondary, 58 turns. Most components are local components. The study is based on the Proteus simulation software. The experiment of the device consists of comparisons of the energy consumed by an electroluminescent diode without the designed circuit and with this circuit to see its performance. In particular, the circuit can use a very low voltage of about 0.37V and can power the electroluminescent diode for a week without interruption if it is powered by a R6S/1.5V battery. http://ijaers.com/detail/optimization-of-an-energy-recovery-circuit-for-a-low-voltage-lighting-system/ Tigana Mandimby, Adrinavalona Rakotomalala, Jaolalaina Andrianiavarivelo, Zely Randriamantany http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/3IJAERS-08202410-Optimization.pdf The development of geospatial technologies allows the creation of numerous services in all areas. In agriculture, their use is much more oriented towards mapping and evaluating agricultural areas. However, the identification and mapping of crops through GIS tools remains a major challenge especially in its African context. The objective of this work is to analyze the crop systems of the terroirs of Banfara, Madina Malinké and in the circle of Kita using GIS tools. To achieve this objective, we used the Google Earth Pro database for the years 2020 and 2021. Through a participatory approach, all the plots and the type of cultivation practiced were identified and mapped. After digitizing the agricultural plots, we carried out field observation in order to validate them. Geoprocessing operations and descriptive analyzes were then carried out. The methodological approach adopted allowed the exhaustive mapping of agricultural plots in the areas of Banfara, Madina Malinké and Toufinko. During the two agricultural seasons 2019-2020 and 2020-2021, the results show a dominance of cereal crops in the village of Banfara and a dominance of cash crops in the villages of Madina Malinké and Toufinko. http://ijaers.com/detail/contribution-of-gis-and-participatory-mapping-for-the-analysis-of-the-cropping-system-in-the-circle-of-kita-in-mali/ Tinzanga Sanogo, Souleymane Bengaly, Kamba Kone http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/4IJAERS-09202414-Contribution.pdf Ergonomics emerges as an essential scientific discipline, driving health, safety and increased productivity in work environments. This study aims to examine, based on the contributions of renowned authors, the application of ergonomics in Brazilian workplaces, highlighting its impact on the health and productivity of employees. The methodology adopted is a literature review from various official sources. Research has shown the relevance of physical and cognitive ergonomics in preventing musculoskeletal disorders and promoting well-being at work. It was clear that with the improvement in workers' quality of life, fatigue and stress are avoided, which improves the relationship between employees and employers, increasing productivity. The study shows the importance of applied research to strengthen ergonomic practices in organizations. The future of ergonomics is intrinsically linked to its ability to adapt and respond to new challenges, maintaining the commitment to promoting work environments that prioritize and cultivate human well-being. http://ijaers.com/detail/impact-of-ergonomics-on-workers-performance-and-health/ Daniel Rodrigues Silva, Alexandre de Jesus Laurenço, Júlia Quintino Galvão, Maria Eduarda de Oliveira Lopes, Yasmin de Oliveira Barros, Crhislourraine Albani Procópio Araújo, Joeliton vieira da Silva, Maria Luiza Calazans, Wanessa Soares Luiz Silva, Eugênio Maria Gomes, Jair Sebastião de Paula http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/5IJAERS-09202451-Impactof.pdf Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder is a neurological condition that begins to manifest itself in childhood and continues to affect the individual throughout development. It is associated with a series of hyperactive and impulsive behaviors that are observed daily by those who live with people affected by this disorder. The predominant symptoms are inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity, which have widespread impacts on the daily lives of individuals with the disorder. The present work consists of an integrative review, which aims to discuss study techniques that favor learning in the academic cycle for people with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, through considerations about it and its impact on academic life. . This is an integrative review, in which basic, qualitative, exploratory and bibliographic research was carried out in the following databases: Pubmed, MedlinePlus, Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo – Scientific Electronic Library Online) and Google Scholar. Learning strategies are methods that students use to build knowledge, aiming to facilitate the acquisition and storage of information. These techniques can be grouped into three main categories, namely: Cognitive Strategies, which include rehearsal, elaboration and organization of information; Metacognitive Strategies, which involve planning, monitoring and regulating the learning process itself; Resource Management or Affective Strategies, which deal with time management, study environment, effort and seeking external support. In short, learning strategies, which encompass cognitive, metacognitive and affective aspects, play an essential role in the educational process, providing students with tools to acquire knowledge in an effective and autonomous way. However, the effectiveness of these strategies depends on psychological and motivational factors, and educators play a crucial role in encouraging the development of these skills, promoting self-regulation and critical thinking. Therefore, mastering these strategies empowers students to become successful, autonomous learners throughout their lives. http://ijaers.com/detail/attention-deficit-disorder-with-hyperactivity-in-the-academic-cycle-an-integrative-review-on-study-techniques-that-favor-learning/ Wanessa Soares Luiz Silva, Matheus Marques Prates, Alícia dos Santos Sena, Clewerson Penini Barbosa Filho, Renata Santos Neves, Luana Rodrigues da Silva, Naila Ribeiro Trindade, Caroline Jesus Cantão, Arnebia Ramos Vieira, Gabriel Pereira Cerqueira, Kenia Guimarães Macieira Fernandes, Daniel Rodrigues Silva http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/6IJAERS-09202485-Attention.pdf Currently, the Congo Basin represents the most important center in terms of biodiversity concentration, especially with the increasing deforestation observed in the Amazon. The available climate models are mostly at larger scales, and few of them focus on specific areas of the Congo Basin, such as the locality of Makokou in Gabon. A new approach is therefore needed to predict temperatures changes in this particular region. Although some work focus on temperature prediction, most do not use deep learning algorithms. This contribution aims to compare the predictions of a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model with those from the combination of Wavelet Transform and LSTM (WT-LSTM). The developed LSTM model includes two LSTM layers, two Dropout layers (with a rate of 50 %) and a Dense layer to outpout the predicted value. The WT-LSTM model shows superior results compared to the LSTM model, with a root mean square error of 0.45 °C, a mean absolute error of 0.35 °C, and a Spearman correlation coefficient of 0.97 °C. These results highlight the importance of using advanced approaches to improve climate forecasts in areas crucial for biodiversity conservation. The increased accuracy of predictions could help better anticipate and mitigate the impacts of of local climate change, thereby contributing to the sustainable management of this ecologically sensitive region. http://ijaers.com/detail/comparison-of-lstm-and-wavelet-transform-lstm-models-for-temperature-prediction-in-a-part-of-congo-basin/ Djes-Fresy Bilenga Moukodouma, Christophe Denis, Donald Romarick Rotimbo Mbourou, Christiane Atteke Nkoulembene http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/7IJAERS-1020243-Comparison.pdf Background/Objective: The Dark Web has played a pivotal role in the progress and sophistication of cybercrime. It provides an incubation network beyond the reach of traditional search engines where cybercriminals create and display exploit kits, offer illicit goods and services, and exchange confidential insider intelligence. Cybercriminals are highly adept at selecting targets, applying tools to achieve their objectives, and minimizing red tape. The increasing sophistication of cybercriminals and the exponential rise of cybercrime against critical infrastructure underlines the necessity of identifying emerging threats. This research aims to investigate the evolving threats within the Dark Web, including crimeware-as-a-service and the integration of AI/ML into cyberattacks to inform risk management strategies and strengthen security measures. Research Problem: The exponential rise in cybercrime against critical infrastructure reflects growing sophistication presenting a significant challenge to organizations and society. The motivation behind cybercrime is fundamentally driven by self-greed, which has contributed drastically to the magnitude of changes in methods used by cybercriminals to enhance profitability. The impact of cybercrime on business organizations presents an adverse effect on society and carries significant risks for the progress of individuals and the world. As cybercriminals adopt new technologies and services such as crimeware-as-a-service, identifying emerging trends becomes crucial to developing proactive strategies for detecting and preventing cyber threats. Methodology: This research employs a systematic literature review approach to analyze emerging trends in cybercrime originating from the Dark Web. The review includes scholarly articles, news sources, and blog posts from platforms like Google Scholar, IEEE Xplore, and various libraries. The key focus is to answer questions regarding the relationship between the Dark Web and Cybercrime, accelerating cybercrime activities, and the benefits and implications of these new trends. Results: Key findings of this paper range from the rise of crimeware-as-a-service attacks and the increasing use of AI and machine learning capabilities by cybercriminals to automate attacks across various businesses and organizations propounded along with information related to entry points and cybercrime attack pathways. The emergence of sophisticated cybercrime techniques, including ransomware-as-a-service, targeted AI attacks, and exploitation of IoT vulnerabilities, are critical trends. Social engineering, malware, and the rise of remote work have expanded the attack surface for cybercriminals. Discussion: As the use of cybercrime continues to metamorphose, the identification of new threats and extrapolation of emerging trends is critical to investigate the challenges associated with the monitoring and detection of illegitimate activities on the Dark Web as well as for the establishment of proactive risk management strategies and implementation of robust security measures. The research highlights the transformation of cybercrime into a structured and scalable ecosystem driven by technological advancements and service-based attack models. Cybercriminals now leverage AI/ML to increase the sophistication and success of their attacks. The commoditization of cybercrime has enabled less skilled individuals to participate amplifying the volume and diversity of threats faced by organizations. Conclusion: Organizations must remain vigilant and adaptable as cybercrime continues to evolve and adopt emerging technologies. The findings emphasize the need for proactive risk management, continuous monitoring of cybercrime trends, and robust security measures to mitigate the increasing threats originating from the Dark Web. Future research should focus on deeper exploration of AI-driven attacks and developing more advanced countermeasures to safeguard critical infrastructure. http://ijaers.com/detail/the-dark-web-and-cybercrime-identifying-threats-and-anticipating-emerging-trends/ Sheetal Temara http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/8IJAERS-1020242-TheDark.pdf A call center manages new and existing client questions and issues with the help of skilled specialists. Existing customers answer new consumers' inquiries and concerns. These questions may come from new or existing clients. Call centers are important in Rwanda as they enable companies to monitor calls. Companies can also analyze their markets through data acquired through call centers. However, setting up a call center is expensive. The running costs of a call center are also large. Businesses that operate call centers spend a lot of money running them, consequently reducing their profits. Therefore, this study proposes a cheaper technique for handling call traffic implemented using free PBX, which is a Linux based web-application for monitoring call traffic. From the results of the simulations carried out, a fast connection between mobile phones was observed. Moreover, it was determined that the capacity of free PBX is unlimited, making it ideal for use in call centers. The analysis shows that this project can be implemented in different institutions on chipper prices. The existing cost of implementing a call center on 50 users using hardware PBX is 100.000 USD, whereas, with the proposed solution using FreePBX which is a Linux based web-application for monitoring call traffic, the implementation cost can be between 5000 USD and 10000 USD with the same range of users. The discounted price as compared to the existing system can be estimated to be around 90%, which is much cheaper. http://ijaers.com/detail/effective-virtual-call-center-with-free-pbx-technology/ Musabe Jean Bosco, Rutarindwa Jean Pierre, Kwizera Jean Pierre, Byiringiro eric http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/9IJAERS-1120239-Effective.pdf