http://ijaers.com/ Open Access international Journal to publish research paper en-us November 2019 Diabetes mellitus type 2 represents 90% of all cases of diabetes, being characterized by a series of metabolic dysfunctions, including hyperglycemia. The literature points to É‘-amylase and É‘--glucosidase as potential therapeutic targets for the development of medicines to treat postprandial hyperglycemia. Among the plants of the semiarid region of Bahia, species of the genus Zanthoxylum have phytochemicals with pharmacological potential not yet explored. Therefore, the present work aims to evaluate the in vitro effect of crude extracts of some plants of the genus Zanthoxylum on the enzymes α-amylase and α-glucosidase. A total of eleven stem, stem bark and leaf extracts of Z. monogynum and Z. rhoifolium were obtained by cold maceration in the hexane, ethyl acetate, ethanol and methanol solvents. The extracts were incubated with É‘-amylase or α-glucosidase, and residual enzyme activities were determined. Phenolics were quantified by the Folin-Ciocalteau method. All extracts reduced enzyme activity, especially the methanolic leaf extract of Z. monogynum reduced É‘-amylase activity (53.5%) and the stem bark extract of Z. rhoifolium of É‘-glucosidase (99.2%). In any experiment the inhibitory effect correlated with the concentration of phenolic compounds (p > 0.05). The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of the extracts in the case of É‘-amylase was 25.9 and 61.5 µg/mL, while in α-glucosidase IC50 values were between 21.6 and 26.5 µg/mL. The results indicate that the extracts are potentially useful for the treatment of diabetes. Further phytochemical studies directed to the isolation of bioactive molecules and characterization of the mechanism are needed. http://ijaers.com/detail/inhibition-of-amylase-and-glucosidase-enzymes-by-extracts-of-plants-of-the-genus-zanthoxylum/ Rafaella Valete Nunes Paiva, Anny Carolinny Tigre Almeida Chaves, Vanderlucia Fonseca de Paula, Guadalupe Edilma Licona de Macedo, Raphael Ferreira Queiroz http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/1IJAERS-10201968-Inhibition.pdf The pharmacological activity of plants of the Apocynaceae family is mainly attributed to the presence of alkaloids. Aspidosperma spruceanum is a representative of this family, whose wood has been largely used in the construction industry. However, reports of its pharmacological and chemical properties are incipient. Therefore, this work aimed to investigate the antioxidant and antibacterial properties of extracts and fractions of this plant. After plant collection and identification, methanolic extract and fractions of the stem bark were prepared. Antioxidant activity was determined by •DPPH radical scavenging assay and total phenolics were estimated by reaction with Folin-Ciacalteau reagent. Minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentrations were estimated by the broth microdilution method against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The samples were also investigated for hemolytic activity. The phytochemical profile was determined by classical phytochemical tests. The methanolic extract of the bark showed bactericidal activity against S. aureus and bascteriostatic activity against P. aeruginosa. The hexane fraction obtained from crude extract fractionation acted as a bactericide against both strains. The ethanolic fractions of crude extract and dichloromethane and ethyl acetate fractions obtained from acid-base fractionation contained higher concentration of phenolics and, consequently, higher antioxidant activity in vitro. The analysis of the phytochemical profile indicated the presence of alkaloids, triterpenes and steroids in the samples. In conclusion, this article brings the first description of the antioxidant and antibacterial properties of A. spruceanum and preliminary chemical composition, and also values the components of the biodiversity of the state of Bahia not yet studied. http://ijaers.com/detail/antioxidant-and-antibacterial-activities-of-the-stem-bark-of-aspidosperma-spruceanum-benth/ Gleiza Moreira Costa, Anny Carolinny Tigre Almeida Chaves, Lauro José Caires Silva Júnior, Vanderlucia Fonseca de Paula, Guadalupe Edilma Licona de Macedo, Marcio Neri Oliveira, Raphael Ferreira Queiroz http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/2IJAERS-10201969-Antioxidant.pdf The objective of this study was to verify the efficiency of filters in reducing the concentration of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in biogas. In this case, adsorbent calcined clay and commercial activated charcoalwere employed, both with chemical activation utilizing ferric chloride. The filters were compared with iron filings with the values obtained for standard filters. The experimental design was completely randomized, with six treatments and three replications. The treatments consisted of the collection of H2S present in biogas generated in a biodigester without filtration (control), with an iron filter (ERBR®), with filters formed by calcined clay with and without impregnation by iron, and commercial activated charcoal with and withoutiron impregnation. The adsorbents were characterized in relation to the crystalline or amorphous phases present determined by X-ray diffractometry, the specific surface area, volume and distribution of pore size, and tests of adsorption isotherms in blue methylene. The commercial activated charcoal filter with iron impregnation was the most efficient in the removal of hydrogen sulfide from biogas. Its superior performance with a higher adsorption capacity is due to the large specific surface area of activated charcoal, as well as the chemical interaction between H2S and iron ions impregnated over coal. http://ijaers.com/detail/filter-performance-in-the-reduction-of-hydrogen-sulfide-in-biogas/ Lucas Martins Dalzoto, Luiz Cláudio Garcia, Eder Carlos Ferreira de Souza, Renato Zardo Filho, Sandra Regina Masetto Antunes, Maria Elena Payret Arrúa, Pedro Henrique Weirich Neto,Jaime Alberti Gomes, Nátali Maidl de Souza and Carlos Hugo Rocha http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/3IJAERS-10201945-Filter.pdf This study aims to analyze the history, symbolic meaning and existence of the rituals of je'ne je'be sappara as one of the subsystems of belief in the fishing community of Liukang Tupabbiring in Pangkep district. This research is an inductive-descriptive study using discourse analysis as a research method. The results showed that socio-economic activities and behavior are influenced by the system of fishermen's trust. the manifestation of their social activities and socio-economic behavior is a reflection of their appreciation, understanding and knowledge of the rituals of je'ne-je'ne sappara. the existence of a fishing community in this region is determined by the reflection of deep beliefs and their relevance to the dynamics of their lives. The degree of the value of this ritual is largely determined by dynamism in all aspects of the life of the fishermen themselves. http://ijaers.com/detail/je-ne-je-ne-sappara-ritual-analysis-of-its-history-and-existence-as-a-subsystem-of-trust-in-the-liukang-tupabbiring-fishing-community-in-pangkep-regency/ Ibrahim, Andi Aco Agus http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/4IJAERS-10201962-Jene.pdf This report is about the use of an active methodology by means of practical activities in a preexisting multimodal mock-up that serves as a teaching instrument. It happened in the night business management technology undergraduate course in the fourth semester. The logistic and practice subject involved the integration of the logistic knowledge and the mock-up by the means of the use of QRCODE tags that could send the visitor to the mock-up to a website where there is an explanatory text for each situation of the mock-up. Concomitant with this activity the student also can insert the company that they created in the course integrator project (CIP) in the mock-up in a way that was coherent and credible with the context. The goals had been met successfully in a way that students could not just integrate knowledge, but also theoretical and practical aspects. http://ijaers.com/detail/active-methodologies-with-the-use-of-integrated-mock-ups-to-the-teaching-of-the-logistic-subject/ Reinaldo Toso Júnior, Luis Borges Gouveia http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/5IJAERS-1120191-Active.pdf This work brings the proposal of a comparative analysis of metal structure and reinforced concrete, comparing System for a commercial development that would be metal structure and reinforced concrete structure, from the beginning comes to the history of concrete and its origin after that of steel. Preparing the reader for what is most relevant in this investigation, which is the research proposal of how it was performed, which vertically deals with it. Reinforced concrete and metal structure have their advantages following construction, both are of great use, if they stop to find out both structures are present in the daily life of humans. So, comes to the curiosity to know, which structure is most useful and economical when it comes to construction? The answer to this question lies in the conclusion of this research. http://ijaers.com/detail/comparative-analysis-of-metal-structure-and-reinforced-concrete-comparing-the-systems-for-a-commercial-enterprise/ Talyssa Mayara Dos Santos Corrêa, Tatiane Amazonas Figueiredo, Mariana Ferreira Umbelino, Jean Carlos Ramos, Livia da Silva Oliveira, David Barbosa de Alencar http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/6IJAERS-10201967-Comparative.pdf Corn is of great importance in the national economy, being one of the most produced and exported cereals in Brazil. With the growing concern of producing food for the population, the search for new corn genotypes is increasingly intensified in order to obtain efficient seeds with an adequate response to the particularities of each planting region. In this sense, the present work aims to identify genotypes of corn efficient and responsive to the use of nitrogen for grain production in the Cerrado biome. The studies were carried out in two maize trials at the Federal University of Tocantins Agricultural Center (UFT), Campus de Palmas - Brazil, with planting in the 2017/18 crop, with nitrogen (BN) (0 kg ha−1) and another in high nitrogen (AN) (150 kg ha−1). The experimental design was a randomized block with three replicates and 20 treatments with an analysis of the response of these effects on grain yield. The methodology of Fageria & Kluthcouski (1980) was used to identify efficient and responsive genotypes. The genotype UFT-M12 was classified as efficient and responsive regarding the use of N for grain yield. http://ijaers.com/detail/strategy-in-the-selection-of-corn-genotypes-for-their-efficiency-and-response-to-nitrogen/ Zildiney Dantas da Silva, Weder Ferreira dos Santos, Fernando Barnabé Cerqueira, Matheus Rodrigues de Andrade, Vinícius Cavalcante Dora, Saulo Lopes Fonseca, Elias Cunha de Faria, Eduardo Tranqueira Da Silva, Lara Rythelle Souza Bequiman, Magno De Oliveira http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/7IJAERS-1020197-Strategyin.pdf DXA is the gold standard for bone density measurement. Brazil is divided into 5 regions (North, South, Southeast, Midwest and Northeast). The northern region has some peculiarities (difficult outpatient access and imaging diagnosis, in addition to the low Human Development Index – HDI) that precludes the rapid diagnosis of diseases. Radiographic Densitometry is a technique that allows the measurement of bone density by means of radiographic images. The aim of this study is to characterize population displacement for DXA and X-ray examinations for osteoporosis diagnosis. To perform the study, quantitative information on the number of DXA and X-rays was extracted. With this, it was possible to design through the Tableau software execution of the algorithm, a model visualization. For the realization of the DXA, the displacement occurs in approximately 426 municipalities in northern Brazil. For radiographic examinations, the dislocation is summarized in 150 municipalities. It can be concluded that the ANS allowed observing the displacement of people between cities to perform the examinations. X-ray and DXA, aiming at the diagnosis of osteoporosis. http://ijaers.com/detail/the-characterization-of-population-displacement-for-early-diagnosis-of-osteoporosis-a-study-on-the-performance-of-x-ray-and-dxa-exams-in-northern-brazil/ Márcio Teixeira Oliveira, Luis Manuel Borges Gouveia http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/8IJAERS-10201956-Thecharacterization.pdf Brazil is currently undergoing an important change in its demographic pyramid, with progressive and accelerated aging of the population. Guaranteeing quality of life and functional longevity for this population has been pointed as a solution to the problem of the autonomy of the elderly in society. Thus, this study aims to analyze the relationship between quality of life (QL) and level of physical activity (LFA) in elderly individuals assisted by the Family Health Strategies (FHS) of the municipalities of Coredes Alto Jacuí and Alto Botucaraí - RS. This research was characterized as a descriptive cross-sectional study and the sample consisted of 1378 elderly (over 60 years old) representing 10% of the population assisted by the FHS of these municipalities. For evaluation of QL, the WHOQOLOLD questionnaire was used, and to determine the LFA, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used. Data were analyzed with the support of descriptive statistics, absolute frequency distributions and measures of central and inferential tendency, Mann Whitney U test and Spearman correlation, considering significant values p http://ijaers.com/detail/level-of-physical-activity-and-quality-of-life-a-study-with-elderly-from-coredes-alto-jacui-and-alto-botucara-rio-grande-do-sul/ Marilia de Rosso Krug, Solange Beatriz Billig Garces, Eduardo Osterkamp, Cristiele Batista Frese, Rodrigo de Rosso Krug http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/9IJAERS-10201937-Levelof.pdf This article discusses the mitigation of high-frequency harmonics through high voltage converters. First we present a generalized model of the passively cushioned LCL filter and then, the optimization process is implemented, which results in the low consumption of active and reactive energy of the capacitor resistance branch. The output characteristics of the passively amortized LCL filter are determined by three parameters of different combinations with the same output result: total L induction, the damping ratio and natural frequency. In a second time we present the design of a control line of the LCL filter on the referential theory giving rise to a simpler way the calculation of different characteristics or combinations such as peak resonance, impedance as well as certain elements that consume reactive and active energy from the RC branch of our LCL filter. The simulations were performed in the Matlab/Simulink environment. The results show a significant improvement in the harmonic attenuation rate. http://ijaers.com/detail/analysis-and-design-of-a-passively-damping-lcl-filter-in-three-phase-converters/ TADOUMGANG Francois Xavier, QIN Wenping http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/10IJAERS-10201970-Analysis.pdf Interest in the economic valuation of environmental resources for remuneration for their preservation demonstrates that Payment for Environmental Services (PSA) is considered the ideal model of sustainability because it understands that ecosystem goods and services are dependent on the economy. In the context of the urban ecosystem, the study of the valuation of environmental education and PES arises as an opportunity to determine the economic value of an environmental resource and to estimate its valuation in relation to other available goods and services, describing to whom they are offered and to whom. are the beneficiaries. The study addressed Law No. 4,286 of December 1, 2015, which establishes the Amazonas State Policy and the Environmental Services Management System, whose focus was the analysis of the PSA of the State Legislation, outlining the criteria and instruments of valuation of urban environmental services emphasizing the valuation of environmental education. In the construction of the environmental education valuation taxonomy, the tabulation model of the economic instruments of the Urban Environmental Services Payment (PSAU) was used to compose the Urban Environmental Services (SAU) matrix applied in the environmental valuation, based on the evaluation model. denominated as Economic Value of the Environmental Resource (VERA). PSA serves as a framework for discussions of participants' conflicts of interest using the taxonomy model of valuing environmental education. Entities involved in public policy and economic decision-makers are recommended to understand the value of environmental goods and services. http://ijaers.com/detail/valuation-of-environmental-education-applied-to-payment-for-urban-environmental-services-in-state-of-amazonas-legislation/ Fernando Shoji Junior, Fabiana Rocha Pinto, David Barbosa de Alencar, Igor Felipe Oliveira Bezerra http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/11IJAERS-1120193-Valuationof.pdf One ofthe possibilities for companies to seek cost reductionis through the improvement of their processes. RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) can make this possible for its traceability of company assets, as well as the development of IoT projects, which are characterized by the generation of large amounts of unstructured data. RFID is widespread worldwide and research on the subject has grown in Brazil. However, the implantation of this technology, in Brazilian companies, faces its associated costs. Based on those arguments, this paper presents the development of a system based onRFID technology and open source tools (NodeJs, Python and MongoDB), as well as simulating RFID antennas in a virtual environment (Rifidi). Indeed, it is possible to reduce the costs on the development of the system, since it was not necessary to purchase any equipment or software licensing. http://ijaers.com/detail/inventory-process-cost-reduced-with-rfid-simulation-and-open-source-technologies/ Cristiano Manhães de Oliveira, Patrick Jhullyan dos Santos Ribeiro Soares, Gudelia Moreales, José Arica, Italo Matias http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/12IJAERS-10201953-InventoryProcess.pdf This Paper present the steps to build an hydrogen cell emphasizing the need to use as a renewable energy source, being applied with internal combustion engines, as an efficient result obtained through electrolysis. Data presented in tables and graphs were collected and analyzed, both for urban streets and for highways. The tests in urban streets the vehicle presented 15.5 kilometers per liter of fuel (km/l), with efficiency of 38% compared to ordinary fuel, as well as on highways, made 18.9 km/l, with 33%, respectively acting at 60.5 kilometers per hour (km/h), the gain is due the fact that the system, which is directly linked to the generator currents and voltages consumption, implying that the higher current consumption, greater will be the gas generation. The results of the project show the veracity of achieving economy, yield and efficiency through hydrogen, allowing the possibility of implementation not only in vehicles but, in all varieties of engines available on the market today, and the substitution for other sources. http://ijaers.com/detail/hydrogen-generator-an-application-with-internal-combustion-engines/ Angelino Leno de Souza Campos, Fabiana Rocha Pinto, Thiago dos Santos Alves http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/13IJAERS-1120192-Hydrogen.pdf In the present study, in order to rehabilitate areas multi-contaminated by oil and metals, bioremediation, coupled with bioreactor technologies, was applied. Firstly, a microcosm trial was performed using two synthetic surfactants, TRITON X-100 and TWEEN 80, and a biological one, JBR210, at two different concentrations (0.1 and 1.0 mg. g-1 soil) for 42 days to select the two best surfactants of different natures in order to scale up a solid-phase bench bioreactor under controlled operating conditions. The results obtained with the use of Tween 80 and biosurfactant JBR210 at a concentration of 0.1 mg. g-1 soil, with humidity corrected to 70% of WHC, were a 25.5% and 30.00% removal of THP (Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon), respectively, while control with humidity adjustment alone achieved 20.5% removal. The evaluation of the behavior of microbial activity through next generation sequencing (NGS) of the soil was performed before and after the different treatments in the bioreactor, where the control showed an increase of Actinobacteria population. The treatments with surfactants showed an increase of Alphaproteobacteria and Sphingobacteria in this same period, and a decrease in the abundance of Actinobacteria. The diversity measured by the Shannon index (H') showed a significant decline for the Tween 80 treatment, with no sign of recovery, unlike JBR210 biosurfactant treatment. Therefore, the application of surfactants of different natures has different effects, where both promoted the reduction of diversity, whereas the biosurfactant JBR210 showed a tendency to increase after 42 days, indicating a less intense effect, ie. it is better for the environment. http://ijaers.com/detail/application-of-surfactants-and-biosurfactants-in-the-bioremediation-of-multi-contaminated-soils-microcosms-and-bench-scale-bioreactor-trials/ Daniele Leonel da Rocha, Eliana Flávia Camporese Servulo, Rodrigo Gouvêa Taketani, Sandy Sampaio Videira, Andrea C. de Lima Rizzo, Cláudia Duarte da Cunha http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/14IJAERS-09201924-Application.pdf The purpose of this chapter is to analyze the Lausanne Covenant, a text produced at the end of the World Evangelization Conference 1974, in Lausanne, Switzerland, by checking how memory crossed the document, reconfiguring the effects of meaning materialized in that text. The question is, therefore, to answer the following question: How has memory reshaped different meaning effects (discourses) in the document Lausanne Pact, produced at the end of the International Congress of World Evangelization 1974?Based on the description of the selected and cataloged data, we found that during the International Congress of World Evangelization 1974, a group of South American evangelical leaders, represented by congressmen René Padilla and Samuel Escobar, gained notoriety and prominence, which culminated with the elaboration of a document that sought to affirm issues related to social justice in the practice of protestant Christian evangelism. Based on this data, we hypothesized that such insertion was mainly due to the eruption of questions situated in the intersection of religious discourse and Marxism, which are linked to the functioning of discursive memory. http://ijaers.com/detail/place-of-discursive-memory-and-scenography-in-the-lausanne-covenant/ Alexandre Ribeiro Lessa, Edvania Gomes da Silva http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/15IJAERS-11201915-Placeof.pdf This article discusses anthropocentric, ecocentric, sustecentric and biocentric theories, correlating a designated approach to capitalism and sustainable development. In order to ask: what is the ecological status of human ecology? Regarding the changes caused by man's action in nature and the very change that these actions infer his perceptions. Evolving biologically and socially entails changes, and it is pertinent to highlight that environmental problems, illusory issues of environmental preservation accommodate society, following the anthropocentric and capitalist bias. However, biocentrism presents an idea of respect between human ecology and interactions with the environment, addressing environmental education as one of the primary alternatives for changing attitudes, cultures and the perception that natural resources are finite, and they must be preserved for present and future generations. http://ijaers.com/detail/socioecological-status-of-human-ecology/ Maria Regina de Oliveira Silva, Regina Cláudia do Nascimento, Uliane Raimunda Nunes Sá, Luciano Sérgio Ventin Bomfim http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/16IJAERS-10201963-Socioecological.pdf The Eucalyptus belongs to the family Mirtaceae and has about 600 species with several varieties and hybrids, besides having different types of cells that adapt to perform specific functions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physical properties of Eucalyptus Cloeziana wood, specifically, apparent density, basic density, moisture content, total volumetric retractability and anisotropy factor. The wood of this species was cut into three different sizes of species according to the current Brazilian standard, the old Brazilian standard and the French standard. The values found were similar to those found in studies of other researchers, which shows a data concordance for the Eucalyptus Cloeziana species. http://ijaers.com/detail/determination-of-physical-properties-of-eucalyptus-cloeziana-sp-wood-in-different-dimensions/ Lucas Abrantes Ladeira, Arlete Barbosa dos Reis, Luiz Carlos Couto http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/17IJAERS-10201928-Determination.pdf Background-Oral health is an integral part of general health and constitutes an indicator of quality of life in adolescence. The present study aimed to know the profile and the perception of adolescents of a health promoting school about oral health-related quality of life. Methods- Quantitative studyof students of a health promoting school in Fortaleza using a questionnaire addressing sociodemographic data, general health and oral health status.TheOHIP-14 (Oral Health Impact Profile) questionnaire was also used. Results- Participants were 210 adolescents aged between 11 to 19 years, with a mean age of15.82, SD ± 1.269. The mean OHIP-14 score was statistically associated with: current general health (p=0.023); health in the previous year (p=0.003), hearing problem (p=0.004); use of medication (p=0.002) and difficulty in chewing and swallowing food (p=0.009). Conclusion- The adolescents believe their general health is very good or fair; however, self-perception assessed by the mean OHIP-14 score showed that oral health can influence quality of life. In this context, the Health Promoting School constitutes an important space for the development of political practices and pedagogical strategies through which health priorities and social actions can be truly incorporated into education. http://ijaers.com/detail/oral-health-and-quality-of-life-perceptions-of-adolescents-enrolled-in-a-health-promoting-school/ Maria Vieira de Lima Saintrain, Lia Vila Real Lima, Mirna Albuquerque Frota, Christina Cesar Praça Brasil, José Manuel Peixoto Caldas, Ana Maria Fontenelle Catrib http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/18IJAERS-1120194-OralHealth.pdf Backwaters in Kerala state of India are water bodies nourished by rivers but there is little or no water current and in most cases connected to the sea. Vembanadu lake, the largest backwater in the state is also the largest wetland system in South India. The major attraction of the area is backwater tourism and is emerging as the main income source of the region since the introduction of houseboats. Vembanadu lake is included in the Ramsar sites and there is a great concern on environmental degradation due to backwater tourism. Hence a study was taken up to assess the ecological threats to the backwaters due to pollution. It was found that pollution from untreated sewage waste, seepage of oil from engine driven boats, discharge of non-biodegradable wastes were serious issues. Possibilities to use green energy technologies such as bioenergy and solar energy were evident in the study. http://ijaers.com/detail/pollution-due-to-backwater-tourism-and-possibilities-for-use-of-green-energy-technologies/ Aravind James, A. Afsal, Joe Joe L. Bovas http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/19IJAERS-10201959-Pollution.pdf Springs are characterized as groundwater environmental hydro systems, in which they occur temporarily or perennially, and are present in natural and anthropic areas. The present study analyzed the environmental quality in three springs located in an integral protection conservation unit in the city of Manaus, Amazonas. To characterize the study area, there was georeferencing of images from the Google Earth software in the ArcGIS and Qgis programs, the survey of the environmental quality of the springs was performed through the methodological procedure of macroscopic analysis of 12 physicochemical and biological parameters and, the classification of spring conditions by the sum of the degree of criticality of each item evaluated, resulting in a score. It was verified that two springs were classified as “bad” and “bad”, respectively, and only one spring was rated “optimal” for its environmental condition, due to its degree of distance from the urbanization limit. The results revealed a warning sign regarding the neglect of the environmental agencies regarding the protection of existing natural resources, consequently, indicate the need to carry out an inspection regarding compliance with the established laws for the preservation of water bodies and riparian forests. http://ijaers.com/detail/survey-of-environmental-quality-in-three-springs-of-an-integral-protection-conservation-unit-in-manaus-amazonas/ Andréia Vieira Lima, Janilce Lemos dos Santos, Priscilla Maia Baggio, David Barbosa de Alencar, Gisele de Freitas Lopes http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/20IJAERS-1120198-Surveyof.pdf The objective of this study is to verify if the Industrial Pole of Manaus has a significant participation in the polluting load of the region, through the identification of heavy metals present in the rainwater. Collectors were distributed at three strategic locations and three rainwater measurements were made and sent and sent to a specialized laboratory for analysis procedures. The method for analysis was Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, USA 2017. The results did not reveal significant concentrations of heavy metals, by the method adopted, but they revealed changes for chlorine, pH and electrical conductivity. Although there are no results for heavy metals other than iron, the other results show significant signs of industrial pollution. http://ijaers.com/detail/studies-on-the-chemical-properties-of-rainwater-around-the-distrito-industrial-i-in-the-city-of-manaus-amazonas/ Antônio Carlos Alves dos Reis, Fabiana Rocha Pinto http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/21IJAERS-1120195-Studieson.pdf Growing Japanese hybrid squash has been a cost-effective alternative to growers; however, several factors directly influence plant growth and development, nutrition being one of the main ones. Data regarding the nutrition of these vegetables are scarce. The objective of this study was to verify the effect of phosphorus doses applied via soil, on fruit yield of Japanese hybrid squash. Two experiments were conducted in 2017, May 1 through July and September 2 through November, in the experimental area of the Olericulture Sector of the Federal University of Tocantins. For the development of both experiments, it was used the Divina® cultivar owned by the company “Horticeres seeds”. The experimental design was randomized blocks with five treatments and four replications, as follows: 0; 75; 150; 225 and 300 kg ha−1 of P2O5. The characteristics evaluated were: productivity (ton ha−1), average fruit mass (kg), number of flowers per parcel (unit), transverse diameter (cm) and phosphorus content in Japanese squash (g kg−1). The mean values related to the study variables were submitted to analysis of variance, and subsequently, regression analysis. The 300 kg ha−1 dose of P2O5 provided higher yield and average fruit mass. In both growing seasons. Cultivation of the Japanese hybrid squash between September and November showed higher productivity. http://ijaers.com/detail/phosphorus-rates-applied-by-soil-on-yield-of-japanese-hybrid-pumpkin/ João Victor Gonçalves Carline, Aline Torquato Tavares, Luziano Lopes da Silva, Tiago Alves Ferreira, Danilo Alves Porto da Silva Lopes, Rodrigo Robson Cavalcante, Flavio Coelho Mendes, Renato Sales Coelho, Irais Dolores Pascual Reyes, Francielly Quitéria Guimarães Alves, Camilo Gomes Antunes, Lucas Vinício Rodrigues Ventura1, Thales Aquino de Queiroz Ramalho, Ildon Rodrigues do Nascimento http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/22IJAERS-1120199-Phosphorus.pdf Home automation has increased its expansion worldwide, given the available technologies, this study aims to develop a wireless home automation system using the Arduino prototyping platform and the HTML language, where with this technology is elaborated a software for user interface and the wifi technology that the platform makes possible. Creating a platform where the user can monitor their home from anywhere, if there is internet, having more security and control of their home. http://ijaers.com/detail/home-automation-using-arduino-platform-on-an-embedded-server/ Bruno Henrique Chagas de Albuquerque, Fabiana Rocha Pinto, Leonardo de Oliveira Chagas http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/23IJAERS-10201961-Home.pdf This paper proposes a new methodology for distribution network reconfiguration (DNR), in a Smart Grid (SG) scenario, regarding power losses, grid reliability and the utilization factor of substations; as well as an approach to model the effects of electric vehicle charging stations, distributed energy generators and energy storage systems in the electric grid. The proposed methodology first deals with the problem setting, that is, it determines the state of the grid (in terms of electrical parameters and variables, power loss, reliability indicators and utilization factor for each substation) and its topology. Then, it’s defined the universe of possible solutions, to which is applied a simple formulation of Genetic Algorithm (GA) that solves the optimization problem. To demonstrate the applicability of this methodology in a real network, the methodology was implemented in the specialized commercial power system simulator SINAP Grid and applied in a case study. Its results showed that it is possible to accommodate so many objectives in one solution, however, the state of the grid and its initial topology influence greatly in the outcome of the solution. http://ijaers.com/detail/methodology-for-distribution-network-reconfiguration-in-smart-grid-system-regarding-power-loss-grid-reliability-and-the-utilization-factor-of-substations-considering-a-new-reality-of-energy-supply-and-consumption/ Daniel Szente Fonseca, Gustavo de Góis Himeno, Marcelo Aparecido Pelegrini, Tadeu Ferreira dos Santos http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/24IJAERS-10201960-Methodology.pdf This article aimed to present a critical review of education development in Brazil and its major challenges for high education. Data are presented that demonstrate the inadequacy of the school model created in the nineteenth century that is obsolete to educate our young people living in a technological age of great technical revolutions. Regarding higher education, data from the 2018 Higher Education Census provided by the Ministry of Education are presented and discussed. Emphasis is given to the brain Executive Functions considered essential for the individual to be able to manage their learning processes through sustained attention and generalization of concepts. Training should be based on a didactic-pedagogical action aimed at the formation of professionals capable of formulating and solving problems, questioning and reconstructing realities at the internal, regional or national levels. It is concluded that it is essential to use active learning methodologies that have the characteristic of providing the best development of knowledge (learning to learn) and skills and attitudes (learning to do and to be). http://ijaers.com/detail/critical-review-of-education-development-and-high-education-challenges-in-brazil/ Carla Dolezel Trindade, Simão Aznar Filho, Maria Clotilde Henriques Tavares, Carlos Tomaz http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/25IJAERS-11201910-CriticalReview.pdf This article presents the critical vision of a common man, a worker, who lives and works in a district of a Brazilian city where pollution and atmospheric corrosion are the main focus of his concern in the daily journey that he makes from his home to the factory and the return from factory to house. In this journey made by bicycle, bus and on foot he feels, he sees and he registers with his critical eye and photographic camera the evil traces that the atmospheric corrosion leaves in the concrete lighting poles, the viaducts and the gates of the houses. In the semi-structured interviews carried out with this common man it is verified that the irreparable damages caused by the pollution and the atmospheric corrosion can compromise the safety and quality of life of the population. http://ijaers.com/detail/traces-of-corrosion-and-air-pollution-dominate-the-vision-of-the-common-man-in-any-city/ Fernando B. Mainier, Renata Jogaib Mainier, Antonio Carlos Moreira da Rocha, André Armando M. de Alencar Jr., Milene O. do Canto http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/26IJAERS-10201966-Tracesof.pdf This paper aims to analyze through field research the effects of brazilian regulations , where the main focus is on accidents related to work with electricity (NR-10), although NR-10 is a mandatory regulation in Brazil, not all companies are using them as internal control rules, especially those in which external oversight is not as effective, thus comparing one large-sized company with a medium-sized company, the data collected were able to express the main concern of these companies regarding the safety of their employees and the imminence of fines and legal proceedings. http://ijaers.com/detail/application-of-nr-10-regulatory-as-a-method-of-accident-prevention-in-electricity-in-two-companies-from-manaus-industrial-district-in-brazil/ Carynne Santos da Costa, Fabiana Rocha Pinto, Thiago dos Santos Alves http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/27IJAERS-11201919-Application.pdf Objectives: to check the perception of elderly people living with chronic diseases regarding the interdisciplinary health practices focused on self-care.Methodology: It is an analytical study with a qualitative approach, carried out in the period from October 2018 to June 2019,with 22 elderly people as participants from an interaction group. Eight fortnightly meetings were carried out with preventive activities and workshops focused on self-care.For the data collection, there were used as instruments a biosocial questionnaire and a semi-structured interview designed by the researchers.Data analysis was carried out based on the methodological theoretical assumptions of the Collective Subject Discourse-CSD. Results: The majority of the participants were female (96.2%), with a prevalent age group of 71-75 years (32.7%), white people (42.1%), widows (52.6 %) and of catholic religion (76.3%), with incomplete elementary education training (39.5%), monthly income between 1 and 2 minimum wages (55.3%), living alone (42.1%) and that have children (94.7%). Concerning the clinical aspects, most of them have more than one chronic disease (84.6%) and lives primarily with systemic arterial hypertension (63.5%), diabetes mellitus (32.7%), dyslipidemias (23.0%). When analyzing the Collective Subject Discourse in relation to self-care impact, four central ideal arose: eating habits; conscious use of teas; prevention of falls; mental health and memory.Conclusion:the elderly people reported that the participation in programs with the focus on health was essential to increase knowledge, make clarifications, guide, and modify the life habits that were mistaken. That is to say, it helped to improve self-care which directly affected health and quality of life. http://ijaers.com/detail/interdisciplinary-health-practices-for-elderly-people-with-chronic-diseases-self-care-impact/ AVELAR, Cíntia Moura de; VIANA, Adriele Rosa de Oliveira; BRITO, Saionara Silva; CORREIA, Isabely Fróes; NUNES, Júlia Sousa Santos; VALENÇA, Tatiane Dias Casimiro; CONFESSOR; Aldrina da Silva Cândido; CAMPOS, Thaís Silva Pereira; OLIVEIRA, Alessandra Souza de; LIMA, Pollyanna Viana http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/28IJAERS-11201917-Interdisciplinary.pdf Andiroba (Carapa Procera Aubl) belongs to the Meliaceae family and is a plant of great importance for the traditional medicine in the Amazon. Also, the oil obtained from its seeds is widely used in the cosmetics industry. The following study was carried out at the Tropical Silviculture Experimental Station of the National Institute of Amazon Research (EEST/INPA), where the growth of andiroba seedlings was evaluated using three types of substrates which received daily irrigation, according to the following treatments: T1 = sand/clay; T2 = clay/organic fertilizer and T3 = forest topsoil. The following data were collected monthly: height, neck diameter, and number of leaves. The results showed a non-significant difference with a t-test at a p-value of 0.05 for seedling height. For neck diameter, there was a significant difference, especially in T2 and T3, which presented higher average values, indicating that the use of both commercial organic fertilizer and forest soil which particularly has a high concentration of decomposing organic matter, are beneficial to seedling growth. However, the usage of forest topsoil as a substrate must be taken carefully due to the large amount needed that may harm local ecosystem. Therefore, seedling production with organic substrates is a viable alternative for local producers disposed to produce better quality seedlings. http://ijaers.com/detail/the-influence-of-organic-fertilizer-on-the-seedling-growth-of-an-oleaginous-species-from-the-amazon-andiroba-carapa-procera-aubl/ Maslova Carmo de Oliveira, Cláudia Blair e Matos, Cristina Zulma Escate Lay, Jardel Augusto Andrade Luzeiro, João Carlos de Souza Matos, Jefferson da Cruz, Luiz Antônio Bernardes Filho, Antenor Pereira Barbosa http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/29IJAERS-1120196-TheInfluence.pdf The present work aims to analyze the efficiency of the intersection located at the TO - 050 at the entrance of the city of Porto Nacional - TO, the chosen location presents negative points regarding the safety of the drivers, due to the connection of the expressway with highways. Without the addition of auxiliary lanes and poor signage, generating dangerous intersections and overtaking, and the existence of the entrance port of the municipality at the intersection that impairs the visibility of drivers. The region has large movement of cargo and passenger vehicles due to agricultural production and because it is the connecting section of the capital of the state of Tocantins (Palmas) with the municipality of Porto Nacional, consequently increasing the likelihood of accidents on the site. Therefore, the need to study conflict points and their origins is identified, guaranteeing efficient traffic flow and safety for drivers. http://ijaers.com/detail/road-safety-analysis-at-intersections-case-of-the-north-entrance-of-porto-nacional-to/ Giovana Alves Costa, Alesi Teixeira Mendes, Flávio Vieira da Silva Junior http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/30IJAERS-11201929-RoadSafety.pdf In Brazil, law 8112/90 regulates the training of government officials; therefore, these employees are constantly subjected to processes aimed at improving their training and thus at improving the quality of public service. Social network analysis (SNA) has been widely employed in studies in various fields such as social science, psychology, health, business organization, electronic communications, and epidemiology. The objective of this work is the characterization of the capability indicators of the Federal Institute of Santa Catarina (IFSC) through SNA. In this study, teacher and technician employee data were used in qualification processes such as workplace and postgraduate programs. This information was provided as input to SNA with Degree and PageRank algorithms applied. In terms of quantity, the Florianópolis campus led with the largest number of qualifying employees; linguistics was found to be the most outstanding graduate program. In the administrative technical group, Florianópolis was the largest unit in terms of qualification; education was the most sought-after course. Finally, in the teacher’s group, the Florianópolis campus had the largest number of qualifying teachers, and the most prominent courses were linguistics and computer science. Thus, the use of SNA can help managers offer postgraduate courses with higher demand indices. http://ijaers.com/detail/social-network-analysis-sna-and-the-training-process-of-the-employees-of-the-federal-institute-of-santa-catarina/ Márcio Teixeira Oliveira, Márcio Afonso Soleira Grassi, Ricardo de Moura Araújo, Angelica Nogueira do Nascimento Vasconcellos Xavier, Cintia Lorena de Carvalho Figueiredo, Suellen Moreira de Oliveira http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/31IJAERS-10201955-SocialNetwork.pdf The search for materials which do not unduly the environment by reducing the cost of production is increasing throughout the world. In the construction sector, concrete is the most consumed material in the world. Its production with bamboo fiber addition can contribute to minimize environmental impacts and production costs by reducing the extraction of natural resources. This study aimed to investigate the mechanical properties of bamboo located in the region of Porto Nacional - TO, Brazil and its application as a binder (Portland cement) in the production of concrete. The research aimed at results that allowed to verify the behavior of the concrete in relation to its uniaxial compressive strength at 28 days of the specimens produced with the addition of bamboo fibers, replacing the cement binder. Bamboo fibers and aggregates were characterized and evaluated according to the material and defined by the trait (1: 1.68: 2.68: 0.482), with replacement percentages set at 3%, 4% and 5%. Therefore, through the tests that were performed, the possibility of replacing the Portland cement binder with natural polymeric bamboo fibers was verified, which proved to be viable and quite advantageous not only for the environmental and economic, but also in the material strength gain. http://ijaers.com/detail/characterization-of-the-mechanical-properties-of-concrete-with-addition-of-bamboo-fiber-porto-nacional-to/ Gleicilene Moreira Ferreira, Hyure Pereira Cavalcante, Mateus Borba Teixeira, Fernando Antonio da Silva Fernandes http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/32IJAERS-11201933-Characterization.pdf In this qualitative text, with a theoretical and empirical nature, we set out to make an initial reflection on the aesthetic and architectural dimension of the work of one of the most inventive Spanish creators. It is the work of Antoni Gaudi, renowned Catalan architect, artist and designer whose production impresses with boldness, imagination and sensitivity, which broadened the understanding of architecture and engineering. The passage through Barcelona, Spain, on the shores of the Mediterranean Sea, is such a remarkable experience that it makes it a must-stop for travelers. The Gaudian Architecture is basically inspired by the study of nature, since Gaudi, as a boy, constantly observed and learned from the lessons that he offered him. http://ijaers.com/detail/the-relevance-of-gaudi-s-work-in-the-architectural-context-bold-passion-and-creativity/ Maria Aparecida Santana Camargo, Mariela Camargo Masutti http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/33IJAERS-11201922-TheRelevance.pdf This paper aims to perform an intersection analysis located in the municipality of Palmas - TO, the location was chosen due to the kneecap is suffering from major congestion at peak caused by the mixture of the traffic of the BR-010 with the urban traffic coming from from the Taquaralto and Taquari neighborhoods. The study site is an area with large population growth and with many traffic generating poles, causing long queues and consequently increasing the accident rate mainly at peak times. This work seeks the current flow of vehicles as well as future estimation, identification of conflict points and their proper origins. The traffic studies have provided the identification of optimal geometry for the roads that intersect in order to seek minimal solutions of boxes and shoulders as well as the ideal number of lanes on the roads and then provide the driver with safer and more comfortable traffic. http://ijaers.com/detail/road-intersection-analysis-case-study-in-an-intersection-in-the-city-of-palmas-to/ Thalita Resplandes de Morais, Alesi Teixeira Mendes, Flávio Vieira da Silva Júnior, Gleicilene Moreira Ferreira http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/34IJAERS-11201925-Road.pdf Knowing that world population, process automation, energy demand and environmental impacts increase every day, the energetic efficiency analyses the supply possibilities of the increasing electricity usage. Thus, the article describes the historical performance of the piezoelectric effect studies implemented in Brazil and worldwide, represented as an alternative for power generation in small and large applications, comparing with other existing renewable sources and listing their advantages and disadvantages. It has gotten as a result it is an old technology, however low used in energy generation. The generation by piezoelectric effect does not emit greenhouse gases, does not work with combustion and does not need renewable resources such as sunlight, actions from wind or water. The PZT ceramics are deployed in urban and busy locations such as highways, airports, railways, sidewalks, supermarkets, and soccer fields around the world, attending the demand in small daily applications, getting great strides in reducing greenhouse gas emissions caused by non-renewable sources and some renewable sources. It was concluded that there is a possibility of diversifying the energy matrix with existing technologies, in simple applications such as residential and public lighting, as well as encouraging the elaboration of research and projects that can decrease the environmental impact and increase the energy efficiency. http://ijaers.com/detail/piezoelectric-effect-as-an-energy-generator-a-describal-historic-of-its-performance/ Diogo de Souza Marinho, Fabiana Rocha Pinto, Emmanuel Rocha Baptista http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/35IJAERS-1120197-Piezoelectric.pdf The area of civil construction is responsible for developing new construction methods, with more efficient and economical technologies. The prestressed concrete sill plate is an example of engineering evolution when it comes to shallow foundation. The lack of planning in civil works can cause a number of problems and even overburden the work budget, especially in the case of sill plate execution service. For the accomplishment of this work, the case study methodology was used in a construction of a residential development located in the city of Manaus. Besides pointing out the economy consolidated by the project after adopting the new construction method based on economic feasibility studies, this quantitative work aims to compare two types of surface foundation: prestressed concrete and reinforced concrete sill plate. The prestressed sill plate, no matter how much it requires skilled labor to perform, allows for a significant reduction in one of the heaviest items in a budget spreadsheet: concrete. Thus, it can be observed through the analysis that the prestressed concrete sill plate method is the most viable for the construction company because it presents cost reduction and improvements in the ability to resist the loading of structures. http://ijaers.com/detail/comparative-analysis-between-reinforced-concrete-sill-plate-and-prestressed-concrete-sill-plate-equating-construction-costs-for-a-residential-development/ Yan Monteiro Gilonna, Nathali Carramanho de Azevedo, Sara dos Santos Santarém, David Barbosa de Alencar, Lívia da Silva Oliveira http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/36IJAERS-11201936-Comparative.pdf For centuries, the planet has been going through a process of degradation that compromises the future of the generations and ecosystems that make up nature. In this context, environmental education is pointed out by researchers from all over the world as the only possible solution for the awareness of subjects and social transformation. From this outcome, it arises the proposal to include environmental education in formal spaces. This article carries out a systematic analysis of the bibliographies that deal with the introduction of environmental education in educational policies in Brazil, in addition to investigating the main guidelines of environmental education in Brazil. It is a descriptive article on the trajectory of environmental education in Brazil and the world. Brazil has a legal framework and guidance for the effectiveness of environmental education in the various spaces of formal and informal training of the most advanced in the world, necessary to make its regulation, monitoring, and enforcement. http://ijaers.com/detail/legal-frameworks-for-environmental-education-in-brazil/ Ana Cristina Barbosa de Oliveira, Carlos Alberto Batista dos Santos, Elton Moreira Quadros http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/37IJAERS-11201923-Legal.pdf Coastal protection planning using groin requires information on erosion and sedimentation that will occur at the protected coastal segment. An easy and practical yet accurate calculation method is needed, so that the planning cost is not too expensive. This research developed a method of stable coastline calculation between groin, which includes erosion and sedimentation that occur during the process leading to stable coastline geometry. The governing equation is formulated using the principle of mass conservation where the volume of sedimentation is equal to the volume of erosion, whereas the boundary condition is that stable coastline is oriented perpendicular toward the wave forming it. Therefore, there are two stable coastline orientation, i.e. stable coastline formed by the incoming wave and stable coastline formed by diffracted wave. Using this method, a very simple and easy to use stable coastline equation is obtained. The equation is formulated for a coastline with groin protector and a coastline with T-Head groin protector. A comparative study was done for the efficiency between the two structures.Stable coastline that was produced is very simple and easy to use. The result of another study stated that for the similar construction volume, T-Head groin provides a better protection. http://ijaers.com/detail/a-simple-equation-for-stable-coastline-between-groins-and-between-t-head-groins-by-taking-into-account-diffracted-wave/ Syawaluddin Hutahaean http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/38IJAERS-11201940-ASimple.pdf This article evaluates the maintenance management of electrical equipment of medical-hospital units in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (ICU), with the objective of analyzing the importance and performance of services in the area of medical equipment maintenance, during its implementation in a private hospital in the city of Manaus, Amazonas. In addition it seeks to plan the actions and the systematization, identifying the methodologies that will be applied, to suit the sector. In this context, to demonstrate, especially in the area of maintenance plan management, the importance of an engineering professional in the maintenance management of medical electrical equipments, relating engineering to health. http://ijaers.com/detail/maintenance-management-analysis-on-electrical-equipment-of-a-neonatal-icu-in-a-hospital-unit-in-manaus-amazonas/ Caroline Christine Drumond Tiúba dos Santos, Fabiana Rocha Pinto, Thiago dos Santos Alves http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/39IJAERS-11201928-Maintenance.pdf The Adolpho Ducke Forest Reserve (RFAD) is an Environmental Protection Area (EPA) located in Manaus-AM covering neighborhoods in the northern area belonging to the peripheral region of the city. This research seeks to show through quantitative data the infractions that occurred in the years 2016 to 2019. Data from the notices of infringements made available by the transparency portal on the IPAAM website were used, describing the crimes that occurred in maps acquired by the IBGE website. Among the years evaluated, 2016 was highlighted with the highest occurrence of environmental crime. It was verified the fragility in the preservation compliance of this area of protection, evidencing the need for a more rigid inspection and control by environmental agencies. http://ijaers.com/detail/environmental-crimes-in-the-environmental-preservation-area-epa-adolpho-ducke-in-the-city-of-manaus-am/ Bruna Stefany Motta Costa, Andréia Vieira Lima, Naísa Lima de Souza Neta, Fabiana Rocha Pinto http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/40IJAERS-11201912-Environmental.pdf Although safety management is known to be vital to construction projects, very few studies have solicited views from construction practitioners about their perceptions of which safety management practices (SMPs) are important to construction projects and related to project performance. The suggestion is to improve the safety performance on the construction sites. The government should follow up the safety performance by visiting the construction sites and the insurance company should be more active in visiting the construction sites. The current study focus on site data’s collection from the contractors, consultant, and owners by using questionnaire to evaluate the safety performance in the construction sites. In total, there were 40 questionnaires which were distributed to respondents with a response rate of 100%. The results show that there was still a lack of commitment from the government, the insurance company, the labour ministry, the owners, consultants, and also the contractors to improving safety performance on the construction sites. http://ijaers.com/detail/safety-performance-in-construction-industry-in-dharmapuri-town/ Arun Asokan, Amayou Nigussie, Manaye Mosiye, Elangovan B http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/41IJAERS-11201911-Safety.pdf This article presents a feasibility study to use home automation as a tool to manage and reduce household electricity cost. It is a result obtained after checking different academic’s research articles about domotics and the perception that there is a gap when it is related with home automation systems that perform the management of energy resources. To many academic’s researches talk about the comfort provided by home automation, but a few about managing and optimizing the use of energy resources. At the end, some points and suggestions for future research are raised to complement this article. http://ijaers.com/detail/home-automation-as-a-tool-to-management-household-electricity-consumption/ Claudio Alessandro Pacheco Farias, Fabiana Rocha Pinto, Thiago dos Santos Alves http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/42IJAERS-11201938-Home.pdf Aligned with the worldwide trend of developing using small teams, most of the critical software has been developed by small organizations, which demand a particular attention to establishment of process approaches suitable for them. Although there are many software standards, the majority of them do not specifically aim the needs of organizations such as Very Small Entities (VSEs). Standard processes are usually tailored based only on the software criticality, and so researches have been conducted about the effects of project characteristics on software processes and how to use them for processes tailoring. For systematically determining software processes, they need to be defined according to projects’ characteristics and objectives. This work provides a review on project evaluation, process profiles, identification of factors which impact software processes, tools for classifying VSE software projects subject to processes tailoring. Results show the review organized in topics that surround the research objective, presenting the critical software and VSE scenario. Critical software and VSE standards comparison indicated that these processes present similarities, representing opportunities to use them complementarily. Accordingly, the projects’ criteria selection is a means to support the understanding of the influence factors for critical software projects in VSE context and, furthermore, to develop a notion on adequate tailoring. A systematic approach can be helpful in the VSE context. Suggestions for future research are proposed based on the results. http://ijaers.com/detail/critical-software-processes-tailoring-and-very-small-entities-vse-a-literature-review/ Diniz G. H., Ambrosio A. M., Lahoz C. H. N. http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/43IJAERS-11201918-Critical.pdf This study aimed to promote a theoretical discussion about environmental management in the universal context applied to rural areas in small farms and as specific objectives indicate the most common practices related to Rural Environmental Management and show the most flawed practices with the environment in rural properties. For this purpose a bibliographic survey on sustainability was used, followed by environmental management as a complex context for to articulate studies on rural environmental management, in other words, an application of the principles of sustainability in rural use. At last studies by other authors were used to indicate which are the most common practices, which are the wrong forms and are being applied. http://ijaers.com/detail/environmental-management-practices-in-rural-properties/ Kleitson Telmo Grisa, Armin Feiden, Jaqueline Gomes Demarchi Grisa, Marli Renate von Borstel Roesler, Keitilanger Grisa Hahn, Adriana Maria De Grandi, Seliane Miranda http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/44IJAERS-11201932-Environmental.pdf In this work we will show some important relations that includes the study of the golden ratio between two concentric circles, showing that there is a linear combination between the radii of the circumferences. We derive a constant K which corresponds to the perfect number representing the largest root of the golden ratio which is a function of the radii of two concentric circles C_1andC_2, respectively. This relation makes it possible to find the values of the radii r_1of C_1and r_2of C_2 or vice versa. We will apply the results obtained in a problem related to the uranium and Neptune planets where we will use the known astronomical distances of said planets with respect to the sun to calculate the minimum and maximum distance comparing the percentage of the relative error with the known astronomical values in the scientific literature. Plot the graphs comparing the planetary distances in relation to the distances of Kepler and Titus as well as the margin of error. http://ijaers.com/detail/golden-ratio-concentric-circumferences-and-planetary-distances/ Sebastião Martins Siqueira Cordeiro, Antonio Maia de Jesus Chaves Neto, Reginaldo Barros, José Francisco da Silva Costa http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/45IJAERS-0620196-Golden.pdf Research on the effects of differences in cultures of Chlorella sp fotopriode. with a continuous photobioreactor system. .This research was conducted in April 2019 at the laboratory of Fish Hatchery and Breeding University of Riau. The purpose of this study was to find out the right photoperiod in Clorella sp. culture by using a blue LED light with a continuousphotobioreactor systemto population density and specific growth rates.The method used is the experimental methodby using a completely randomized designwith four treatments and 3 repetitions.The treatment used is P1 (24 hours bright - 0 hours without lighting), P2 (20 hours bright - 04 hours without lighting), P3 (16 hours bright - 08 hours without lighting), P3 (12 hours bright - 12 hours without lighting). The results of the study found that lighting 16 hours bright - 08 hours without lighting) give the best results with a cell density of 336.67 x 104 cells / ml and the specific growth rate of 0.341 / day d with peak growth occurring on day 8. http://ijaers.com/detail/effect-of-difference-of-photopriode-in-culture-chlorella-sp-with-the-continuous-fotobioreactor-system/ Hendra Pranata Napitupulu, Leodewik Simanjuntak, Carlos Nigel Sihite, Dan Sukendi http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/46IJAERS-11201931-Effect.pdf The objective of this article is to describe a management model applied to the development of an executive project and implantation of a large infrastructure for space activities using the systems engineering and project management concepts integrated. The concepts used aimed to improve the planning, execution and management of processes related to the infrastructure life cycle to be implemented for the development of activities in the space sector for assembly, integration and tests for large satellites at INPE, Brazil http://ijaers.com/detail/an-integrated-approach-for-systems-engineering-and-project-management-applied-to-the-implantation-of-a-satellite-test-laboratory-infrastructure/ João Rizzetto, Geilson Loureiro http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/47IJAERS-11201941-AnIntegrated.pdf Control of pain in reptiles is a challenge and there is few information about it. This is the first study that evaluate fentanyl on testudines, of genus Trachemys sp. A total of 30 animals were used, 15 T. dorbigni and 15 T. scripta. Two groups composed of ten specimens each were created, as well as two control groups of five animals, for each species. A dose of 0.05 mg/kg of fentanyl was administered to experimental groups, and a 1 mL/kg physiological solution was administered to control, all subcutaneously (SC). The reptiles were monitored in terms of the color of the oral mucosa, cloacal temperature and heart rate, response to the nociceptive stimulus, and myorelaxation. The effects started 10 minutes after the administration and lasted 134 ± 26 minutes and 120 ± 20 minutes for T. dorbigni and T. scripta, respectively. In 80% of the animals, there was a total absence of reaction to a nociceptive stimulus, with an average duration of 39 ± 10 minutes for T. dorbigni and 30 ± 12 minutes for T. scripta. It was concluded that fentanyl 0.05 mg/kg SC is capable of promoting the absence of nociceptive response in Trachemys sp. http://ijaers.com/detail/antinociceptive-and-physiological-effects-of-subcutaneously-administration-of-fentanyl-in-trachemyssp-testudines-emydidae/ Árthur Paulino Sanzo Kaminishi, Arthur Catunda de Freitas, Raul Henderson Avila Junior, Líria Queiroz Luz Hirano, André Luiz Quagliatto Santos http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/48IJAERS-11201942-Antinociceptive.pdf The construction industry occupies a prominent position in the Brazilian economy, but it is a major generator of environmental impacts that result in the formation of degraded areas. Thus, the development of construction activities that are more appropriate to the principles of sustainable construction, which do not cause so many degrading actions, is inevitable. Concern with the environment has brought an alert where various sectors of society are involved, promoting environmental education actions, so it is called for the strong and effective participation of all agents involved (public sector, owners, companies, engineers and architects, teachers and students, collectors’ associations) for a common good - the sustainability of cities. Therefore, there was an initiative to verify if the construction companies are actually reusing to reduce waste and extracting more raw materials and offer subsidies so that the environmental problem can be faced in this construction company by giving appropriate waste disposal. http://ijaers.com/detail/solid-waste-management-in-a-civil-construction-company-in-amazonas/ David Corrêa de Araújo Júnior, Fabiana Rocha Pinto, David Barbosa de Alencar, Igor Felipe Oliveira Bezerra http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/49IJAERS-11201947-SolidWaste.pdf The main cause of the poor condition of bridges is the lack of maintenance since the cost can reach 10% of the project and, in the environment, the use of oil-based paint are dangerous air pollutants. So is necessary is the use of Cor-Ten steel as an alternative material for the development of functionality and economy. The total lifetime cost of a weather-resistant steel bridge can be up to 30% lower than a conventional steel cladding. In most cases, opting as a solution for weather-resistant steel is more cost effective than a coated steel optimized for most internal environments. It is known as structural steel with improved resistance to atmospheric corrosion containing alloys of copper, nickel, chromium and silicon; taking a reddish-brown color and over time, it darkens http://ijaers.com/detail/main-advantages-of-steel-in-bridges-construction-using-improved-corrosion/ Paul Anthony Huacanca Velarde, Manuel Alberto Portales Tinoco http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/50IJAERS-11201937-Main.pdf The purpose of this study is to analyze safety conditions during excavation services, seeking to identify risks to employees in situations of ignorance or use of safety measures. Therefore, this study was conducted through a qualitative study, exploratory and descriptive, seeking to diagnose the main impacts of the adequacy of NR-8, NR-12 and NR-18 in a construction site in Manaus-AM. The results showed lack of signaling on the excavation perimeter, no use of personal protective equipment and residue around the excavation perimeter. The nonconformities found imply exposure of the employee to situations of imminent risk, compromising their safety and health. Training proposals to raise awareness of the importance of safety standards for the execution of activities can contribute to a safer scenario regarding working conditions. http://ijaers.com/detail/risk-assessment-for-professionals-performing-excavation-services-in-civil-construction-case-study-in-manaus-amazonas/ Carlos Junio Gonçalves Pires, Fabrisia Naike Gonçalves Barbosa, Livia da Silva Oliveira, David Barbosa de Alencar, Frank Henrique Santos Fontineles http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/51IJAERS-11201960-Risk.pdf The aim of this study is to present an analysis of the economic viability of using soil-cement bricks in the construction of popular housing. The study of this material is a way to promote an ecological, social and economic vision, fundamental for the civil construction. The present study presents a proposal for the use of soil-cement brick in the construction of a popular dwelling in accordance with the Manaus City Works Code. The items are made of Portland cement and ground sand, easy to assemble and at a much lower cost. It was concluded that the masonry of soil-cement modular bricks has a lower cost when compared to the masonry of structural ceramic blocks. http://ijaers.com/detail/sustainable-alternative-economic-feasibility-analysis-of-using-soil-cement-brick-in-the-construction-of-popular-housing/ Diego Ambrosio Lima Ferreira, Fabrício Anderson Rodrigues Silva, Livia da Silva Oliveira, David Barbosa de Alencar http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/52IJAERS-11201961-Sustainable.pdf The field of civil engineering has been evolving over the years, with increasing technological advances and innovations in several areas. Agility combined with quality are fundamental and must be thought of in all works, in addition to economic viability. The construction methods and materials for flooring and flooring available in the market should be analyzed to choose which one is the most suitable for the project model. Thus, it is questioned what the ideal floor type to be used in a commercial project is aiming at the best cost-benefit. The objective of this article is to present to the reader simply and directly the advantages and disadvantages of using burnt cement compared to porcelain in the execution of a work in a commercial area in the city of Manaus - AM. Given this quantitative research, a comparative analysis was performed between the execution of two types of floors used in civil construction, which are the burnt cement floor and the porcelain-type ceramic floor. The result of this work indicates that the burnt cement coating has the best cost-benefit because the execution time is relatively shorter, and the cost is also low when compared to porcelain. http://ijaers.com/detail/comparative-analysis-between-burnt-cement-floor-and-porcelain-floor-in-a-commercial-area-of-manaus-am/ Antonio Rodrigues dos Santos Júnior, Francis Farias de França, Livia da Silva Oliveira, David Barbosa de Alencar, Sara dos Santos Santarém http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/53IJAERS-11201962-Comparative.pdf Tourism is consolidating itself as one of the fastest growing economic activities in the world. Thus, it is necessary to use tools to publicize enterprises that are part of tourist routes. In this context, the objective of the study is to identify the dissemination practices implemented by the tourism route enterprises in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Through the marketing mix literature with emphasis on promotion.For this purpose, a qualitative research was carried out and the interview technique used, structured script with a priori determined categories that emerged from the literature review for six tourism routes in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, accounting for 31 researched enterprises, where responses were recorded, recorded, tabulated and analyzed with the support of Microsoft® Excel â„¢ software. As significant data from the study, it is considered that the use of communication tools in the dissemination of tourism routes in the state is presented as a strategy for promoting tourist destinations, since most of these tools are accessible and easily accessible to the public. http://ijaers.com/detail/communication-strategies-in-rural-tourism-routes-in-the-state-of-rio-grande-do-sul-brazil-tools-for-capturing-tourists/ Marcelo Pellegrini, Morgana Secchi, Ana Claudia Machado Padilha, Amanda Regina Leite, Jaqueline Berdian de Oliveira, Geizi Cássia Bettin do Amarante http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/54IJAERS-11201934-Communication.pdf The present study sought to map and analyze the scientific production on cooperativism in the Anais of the Brazilian Cost Congress from 1994 to 2018. For this, 55 articles selected from the defined sampling criteria, published in nineteen editions of the Congress, were analyzed. From the bibliometric analysis of the data it was possible to identify that the year 1999, the sixth edition of Congress, was the year in which the first work on cooperativism was published and that the majority (10.91%) of the studies was published in the 11th edition in 2004. The study allowed identifying a number of 148 different authors, which generated an average of 2.7 authors per study; 67.8% of the authors come from the southern region of Brazil; there is the predominance of 40.0% of papers written by 3 authors and the use of the case study as a research instrument, being present in 69.1% of the publications. It is hoped that the study can contribute to the knowledge of the state of the art of research on cooperativism and assist in the dissemination of studies on this theme. http://ijaers.com/detail/studies-on-cooperativism-at-the-brazilian-cost-congress-bibliometric-analysis-of-scientific-production-from-1994-to-2018/ Leonardo dos Santos Bandeira, Carlos Adam Andrews Timóteo dos Santos, Robson de Sousa Lima http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/55IJAERS-11201944-Studies.pdf The city of Manaus has his urbanization pushed due to wide scale of migration of populations of the interior for the city in search of improvement in the Industrial Pole and Manaus (PIM), producing occupations messed up to the detriment of the forest and I use the ground altering the nature and intensifying changes in the space reducing to vegetation when the deforestation was owed. Before the exposed one, the work had as objective analysed the environmental impacts and the scenery losses in function of the urbanization. The collected data were through the navigator Google Earth referring to the 1985 years, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015 comparing the urbanization process to each five years. The year of 1985 suffered small urbane occupations whereas in 1990 the increase was significant in the urbanization when the economical outbreak and civil constructions were owed. From 2000, there were urbane occupations controlled by the government, as well as in the 2005's that had an increase in the vegetation area when laws were owed you implemented for the UC's and the New Code Forest. In 2015, the Top of the World of 2014 produced few occupations, but it kept on producing environmental impacts in the forests around the city. http://ijaers.com/detail/environment-impacts-and-charges-during-the-process-of-urban/ Emanoelle Marques da Silva, Fabiana Rocha Pinto, Thiago Barbosa Fernandes http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/56IJAERS-11201924-Environment.pdf This work presents a numerical investigation of the effects of wind blowing on lifted structures. The chosen case is an offshore oil & gas platform module lifted by a crane. The pendulum-like displacement of the lifted load is expected once wind blows on it, therefore a pendulum-like displacement is determined via a finite difference scheme whereas drag coefficients of the platform module are estimated through Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) via a finite volume method. Numerical results are compared to empirical data found in the literature and experiments carried out in a scaled model. Displacements of the lifted load are calculated for different gusts of wind and compared to standards commonly used by the oil & gas industry. It is confirmed that the recommended horizontal gap around the lifted structure is adequate for wind speeds of up to 20 m/s. For higher wind velocities, displacements become too large for a safe rigging and hook-up operation. http://ijaers.com/detail/a-cfd-analysis-of-wind-effects-on-lifted-loads/ Felipe Almeida Monteiro, Roger Matsumoto Moreira http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/57IJAERS-11201950-ACFD.pdf Concrete is one of the most used materials in construction, due to its great versatility and high workability and can be molded in any way besides having high compressive strength, on the other hand the resources used for its manufacture are not from renewable sources. In order to search for new materials and to help the environment, as the number of improperly discarded PET bottles is huge, non-structure concrete was produced with the addition of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers in order to improve its mechanical characteristics. Due to the widespread use of concrete in the world and the improper disposal of the PET bottle polluting the environment and causing various environmental problems. From these circumstances, fiber added to the concrete was produced in the following proportions (2%, 4% and 6%) instead of Portland cement, obtaining a 7 mm Slump Test. The specimens were submitted to a curing process (3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days) in which an improvement in the resistance can be observed during the curing process. how many for resistance gain. http://ijaers.com/detail/production-of-non-structural-concrete-with-addition-of-polyethylene-terephthalate-fiber-pet-in-porto-nacional-to/ Aldiskley Pinto Pereira, Gleicilene Moreira Ferreira, Mateus Borba Teixeira, Fernando Antonio da Silva Fernandes http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/58IJAERS-11201955-Production.pdf Agriculture Office Construction Project located in Masohi City, Central Maluku. In this agricultural office construction project the project owner worked together with the Office of Public Works and Spatial Planning in Central Maluku. The contractor is PT. Olovia Indah and her consultant is CV. Tricipta Consultant. Building level 2 with a size of 88m x 14m, contract value of Rp. 4.7221 billion ,the source of the funds is district budget. Central Maluku. The duration of work is 150 days, in working day reseacherbut the realization is more than 150 days.Based on this problem, the reseacher are interested in analyzing the factors causing delays in the implementation of construction project work.The method was Principal Component Analysis ( Principal Component Analysis ) is the analysis of multivariate transforming the variables of origin which are correlated into new variables that are not correlated with reducing the number of these variables so as to have smaller dimensions, but can be explained largely diversity of original variables. The data collection techniques in this study are the interview method, observation method and literature method.There were 26 respondents and 22 variables obtained 9 Main Components. The number of factors formed is seen in the Initial Eigen Values Total which is equal to or greater than one (Æ› ≥ 1). Component 1 (project resource factor) is the most influential component among the other components. This is indicated by the highest total component eigen value (factor) was 4,200 with variables: (Discipline of labor, Damage to materials in the workplace, storage place for materials / materials, Late payment by the owner). The least effect on the construction implementation, namely Component 9 (Surrounding environment), this component (factor) had a total eigen value of 1.083 with variables: (Surrounding environment). http://ijaers.com/detail/an-analysis-of-delay-causing-factors-in-implementation-of-working-construction-project-case-study-building-of-the-agriculture-office-in-masohi-city-central-maluku-regency/ Jevericov Tetelepta, Nelda Maelissa , Abraham Tuanakotta http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/59IJAERS-11201945-AnAnalysis.pdf Keeping track of the temperature and humidity of the nobreaks and battery bank locations helps to prevent loss of equipment life. Although equipment that makes measurements and controls on site is currently available, it is difficult to use techniques for temperature and humidity control in real time. This article implements and describes a temperature and humidity meter along with an automation system for real time verification of the nobreak and battery bank for industrial use. This design is used as an important tool in temperature monitoring with the purpose of avoiding the reduction of equipment life causing higher maintenance costs. Temperature and humidity meters were used to carry out the project, an arduino responsible for sending the data captured by the sensors to the database, and a web system that shows the data sent by the arduino in real time. The data obtained through the developed prototype were verified and compared in order to observe possible temperature changes in industrial environment. The measurements were compared to the temperatures indicated by the product manufacturer. With this it was attested that the prototype stored the temperature and humidity data and subsequently sent it to the web system correctly allowing thus a real time analysis of the temperature and humidity in which the equipment is submitted. http://ijaers.com/detail/design-for-real-temperature-and-moisture-analysis-on-battery-bank-and-nobreak/ Wesley Muller Costa Nunes, Gilber Carvalho de Souza, Leandro Rodrigo Almeida da Silva, Bruno Pereira Gonçalves, Jean Mark Lobo de Oliveira, David Barbosa de Alencar http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/60IJAERS-11201959-Design.pdf The focus on increasingly student-centered methodological approaches is a current concern of all of those involved in educational contexts as they face the challenges of the 21st century. The present study, supported by the “Made by them to them: the students in the learning process” approach [1] and integrated within the scope of the IFITIC project (Innovate in Initial Training with ICT), focuses particularly on Higher Education and presents a reflection on the use of active methodologies in the didactic framing of languages and cultures at the undergraduate level. Starting from the concept of “Made by them to them” in higher education (idem), we turned our attention to the curricular area of foreign languages and cultures having conducted a case study for this purpose. The students implemented strategies consistent with the concept, and data collection focused on reflections and field notes written by the Curricular Unit Teacher who accompanied the entire training process. Also, the analysis of contents and results was based on the categories of that same approach. It was concluded that in this specific context, “Made by them to them” promotes a way of learning to learn that drives the students to discover themselves and the world: not only individually in an informal context, but also collaboratively in a formal context where they integrate and share knowledge and skills in a more natural manner, meeting an innovative, enriching and meaningful teaching and learning experience. In this framework of active methodologies, teaching practice is enriched and students are prepared for the real work context, for their journey as individuals and citizens of the 21st century. http://ijaers.com/detail/who-was-teaching-whom-flipping-higher-education/ Edite Orange, Paula Quadros-Flores, Patricia Ferreira http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/61IJAERS-11201926-Whowas.pdf We' are living in an era of strong change that misaligns offerings, processes and interests. In the field of education, it is urgent to find strategies that foster the revitalization of energies capable of triggering student involvement and thus improving efforts, skills and behaviours facing the challenge. Within the scope of initial teacher education, more specifically in Supervised Teaching Practice, this study was carried out with the purpose of evaluating gamification as a positive impact driver design in the involvement of children in a spatial orientation class, with effects on school outcomes. It was based on the Gamification Framework [7]. With a mixed methodological approach and a study case, we used disparate data collection instruments: participant observation of the trainee teacher who performed the pre-test, the post-test and the multimodal narratives, sustained in dialogues and interactions of the children recorded during the sessions, an interview with the teacher and, for a better understanding of the results, an interview with two specialists, one being an Internet Risk specialist and the other an Educational Technology expert. The project involved 21 1st grade children from a 1st CEB School. Among other results, there was an improvement in student involvement. Regarding spatial orientation, the promotion of lateralization ability and the ability to locate spaces were stood out, taking into consideration reference points and to identify the position of figures present in a grid through their coordinates. The analysis of the results raises some questions concerning the humanist paradigm. http://ijaers.com/detail/gamification-as-a-strategy-for-promoting-child-involvement-a-study-on-spatial-orientation-in-the-1st-ceb/ Ana Francisca Andrade, Paula Quadros-Flores, José Alexandre Pinto http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/62IJAERS-11201927-Gamification.pdf The present work describes in detail the pattern adopted regarding the management model that are currently used by the collective transport companies of the city of Manaus-AM and reports what in fact these enterprises, has made important regarding the disposal of used/contaminated lubricating oil, residue generated during its exchange that according to the regulatory standard ABNT-NBR 10004/2004, are classified as dangerous class I. At first it was necessary to carry out a review bibliographic regarding the subject and after, field research (on-site visits) was carried out, which was designated in the application of a questionnaire to employees in the respective workplace. In view of this context it was found that the companies visited are always updating and improving this model that is considered extremely important to the environment. http://ijaers.com/detail/disposal-of-automotive-oils-evaluation-of-environmental-management-made-by-public-transport-companies-in-the-city-of-manaus/ Jefferson Conceição Guedes, Alexandra Amaro de Lima, Igor Felipe Oliveira Bezerra http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/63IJAERS-11201972-Disposal.pdf Free fairs have always been the target of many regulars, which leads to producing tons of organic waste, but do not always have an efficient destination mechanism for organic waste. A correct disposal of waste is of paramount importance, as it prevents them from going into the process of decomposition in inappropriate places. In this phase, the release of slurry occurs, liquid that can contaminate soil and groundwater. The work aimed to point out the visible problems caused by organic waste, map and make comparisons between the main free fairs of Manaus, besides promoting a correct destination for organic waste produced in them. It was possible to analyze that the healthiness of free fairs are going unnoticed, with this it is clear that the disposal of organic waste is not receiving due attention. Through the questionnaire applied to fairs, consumers and waste pickers, a negative result was obtained regarding the infrastructure of free fairs. http://ijaers.com/detail/destination-of-organic-waste-produced-at-manaus-free-fairs/ Amanda Vanessa Silva Dos Santos, Alexandra Amaro de Lima, Larissa Roberta Gomes de Lima, Igor Felipe Oliveira Bezerra http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/64IJAERS-11201967-Destination.pdf The performance of the vertical sealing elements is determined by the level of protection to which they are subjected. Construction processes are changing and cementitious coatings are increasingly taking place among current construction options. On the other hand, the weather has its increasingly aggressive and more evident incidence. The performance standard sets the guidelines for seal manufacturers to meet expected quality standards. Given the above comes the importance of evaluating the best particle size composition to obtain the ideal mortar manufacture. Water transport mechanisms are the actors in this permeability process with the effective participation of diffusion and capillarity. The present study proposes observations about the water absorption of cementitious coatings manufactured with three sand granulometry (fine aggregate). The mixture containing the fine sand obtained the lowest absorption while the mixture with the highest grain size presented the highest absorption and the highest flow rates. http://ijaers.com/detail/influence-of-granulometry-of-the-small-aggregate-on-the-permeability-of-wall-cement-coating/ Kaylla Gomes Mesquita, Pedro Felix Liotto, Fabrício Rodrigues Amorim, Sara dos Santos Santarém, David Barbosa de Alencar http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/65IJAERS-11201963-Influence.pdf This study aims to understand the creative art for the development of children’s expression of a socio-educational institution of Itajaí-SC. This is a research of qualitative approach, with methodological proposal in phenomenological hermeneutics, and it was developed in 10 workshops about creative art, in the educational institution Lar Fabiano de Cristo, located in Itajaí-SC.; the research subjects were 30 children, between 8 and 10 years old. As for the comprehension of the results, it was evident that in the creative art children broadened the sensitive and understanding look at life, education, health and nature. Theoretical-practical interactions occurred with expansion of creation, lovingness, self-esteem, respect, perception of self and others in cultural connection and social belonging. http://ijaers.com/detail/creative-art-as-a-door-and-window-for-children-s-expression/ Vanderléa Ana Meller, Jeane Beatriz Godoy, Maria Glória Dittrich, Carlos Golembiewski http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/66IJAERS-11201964-CreativeArt.pdf This main objective is to evaluate the concentration of Ozone (O3) in the low troposphere of two main urban roads of Manaus, thus identifying the possible impacts of this element on human health and the environment. For this work, weekly data were collected in September, a period characterized as dry in the region. The data were treated according to the hourly average of the concentrations that were established from 10 to 15h UTC, based on the values collected by RESOLUTION CONAMA 491/2018 that presents the criteria of air quality standards. The results demonstrated high peaks in the ozone concentration, but were within compliance, since in most of the monitoring time the concentrations were in accordance with the legislation in force. http://ijaers.com/detail/evaluation-of-tropospheric-ozone-concentration-in-two-urban-roads-of-manaus-am/ Arielma de Goes Ribeiro, Alexandra Amaro de Lima, Kaique Soares de Souza, Lindiane Oliveira de Oliveira, Igor Felipe Oliveira Bezerra http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/67IJAERS-11201994-Evaluation.pdf The polluting gases carbon dioxide, ozone, nitrogen oxides and particulate materials in the environment are among the main causes of air pollution in Brazil and in the world, in the region of Manacapuru/AM, this type of pollution has been intensifying in dry periods, due to the increase of motor vehicles. The objective of this article was to analyze the concentrations of the pollutants studied and to relate to the precipitation levels, for results indicating interference with the environment on human health. The data obtained were from the Green Ocean Amazon Project (GoAmazon), where it was possible to analyze the monthly concentration of the transition period between the dry and rainy season. Through the percentage of vehicle fleet increase of the last years it was possible to analyze the impacts caused. In addition, a study of the influence of pollutants on the environment was conducted. The results showed that in the dry season the concentration levels are higher compared to the beginning of the rainy season and that what contributes to this concentration increase is the increase of vehicle fleets, causing impacts on the environment. http://ijaers.com/detail/analysis-of-the-concentration-of-carbon-dioxide-co2-ozone-o3-nitrogen-oxides-nox-and-particulate-materials-pm-in-the-environment-in-the-city-of-manacapuru/ Karen Michelle Leca da Silva, Alexandra Amaro de Lima, Igor Felipe Oliveira Bezerra http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/68IJAERS-11201990-Analysis.pdf This work aims to analyze the possible contamination in the water table, by the Necrochorume of the cemeteries Nossa Senhora Aparecida and Parque de Manaus, which are located on Avenida do Turismo nº 107, km 12, in the tarumã açu neighborhood, are the largest extension cemeteries and the only ones in Manaus to carry out burials. Necrochorume is the main contamination residue from bodies that are in a state of decomposition, this liquid that is composed of water, mineral salts and organic substances, are responsible for soil pollution and underground aquifers. Chemical, physical and microbiological analyses of 2 supply points were performed, one inside the cemetery and the other outside, in October, the results show a change in pH, turbidity and the occurrence of microorganisms having the potential to cause serious health and environmental problems. http://ijaers.com/detail/the-analysis-of-the-presence-of-necrochorume-in-communities-in-the-vicinity-of-the-cemetery-parque-de-manaus-and-nossa-senhora-aparecida/ Lindiane Oliveira de Oliveira, Alexandra Amaro de Lima, Kaique Soares Souza, Arielma de Goes Ribeiro, Igor Felipe Oliveira Bezerra, Katrine Freitas Pereira http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/69IJAERS-11201996-TheAnalysis.pdf This article aims to obtain the perception of students from a University Center on air pollution in the city of Manaus-AM, located in northern Brazil. Due to the action of man and the exponential growth of the population, there has been an increase in polluting waste released into the atmosphere, and these have brought strong consequences to day-to-day activities and human health. Thinking about this problem, some questions have been drawn up and sent through an online form. The interviewees were the professors of the FAMETRO University Center, located in the region with the highest flow of automotive vehicles and people from the city of Manaus / AM. The results showed that of 100% of the data, 93% answered that they had little perception, 4% answered that they had a lot of perception and 3% had no perception regarding air pollution in the city of Manaus. http://ijaers.com/detail/study-and-perception-of-air-pollution-in-the-city-of-manaus-am/ Abma Lorena Silva de Menezes, Alexandra Amaro de Lima, Igor Felipe Oliveira Bezerra http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/70IJAERS-11201991-Study.pdf The city of Manaus has been going through a process of accelerated and disorganized urban growth, which causes situations that characterize many challenges and environmental problems. Among these, we highlight the change in the local climate, causing the so-called Urban Heat Island (UHI) that arises in the area of the metropolitan region and is characterized by the rise in surface temperature when compared to the predominant temperature in the regions of urban sites. This phenomenon relates to anthropic activities on the surface and its consequence in the lower troposphere, which results in the increase in average temperatures and the number of hot days, intensifying thermal discomfort in the population. Thus, the objective of this work is to analyze the evolution of the heat island in the geographic space of the city of Manaus in the last 10 years, using remote sensing data, to estimate the values of surface terrestrial temperature, using Thermal maps generated from composites of AQUA satellite images, MODIS sensor: Surface Temperature and NDVI from THE LPDAAC (Land Processes Distributed Active Archive Center, NASA. Based on the data and analyses performed, it was possible to see an increase in temperature with a temporal variation in the years 2010 to 2019 as well as the expansion of warmer spaces, which invigorates the influence of UHI in the amazonense metropolis. http://ijaers.com/detail/surface-temperature-and-ndvi-behavior-analysis-in-september-in-manaus-am-city/ Mitzi de Barros Lemos, Alexandra Amaro de Lima, Polari Batista Corrêa, Igor Felipe Oliveira Bezerra http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/71IJAERS-112019100-Surface.pdf The present work developed a prototype of biodigester in a conventional way. The construction of the prototype used materials that easily access the population, especially PVC materials and reusable scraps that can be found in any community. Furthermore, the prototype was created in order to facilitate the manipulation of this technology by the community in general. To obtain results, the pH parameters, and electrical conductivity (EC) of the organic matter introduced and the final by-product, the biofertilizer, being compared the results between them. The other survey to quantify biogas production was done using the Chen method (1983) perfected by Mito (2018), which resulted in the production of 0.215 m³CH4/ day, the experiment can be used daily as cooking gas, in addition to a second functionality, such as biofertilizer, such as fertilizer in plantations and nutritional control of the soil. http://ijaers.com/detail/biodigester-carseiros-production-of-biogas-and-biofertilizer/ Dijalma Filho de Oliveira Barreto, Alexandra Amaro de Lima, Igor Felipe Oliveira Bezerra http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/72IJAERS-11201966-Biodigester.pdf This study presents, concisely, the results of our PhD thesis defended in the Graduate Program in Memory, Language and Society of the State University of Southwest Bahia (UESB), where we show how the congenital or acquired marks, intentionally or unintentionally, or left by different skin pathologies, they not only mark the individual's skin; but also allow the materialization of different lines, which are configured and reconfigured from different events. The methodological approach undertaken in the analysis follows the indicative paradigm, which states that we must observe the details, the details, in order to arrive at the construction of the research hypotheses and, subsequently, to be led, by these same hypotheses, to conclusions about the relationship between what we are calling “skin tags” and the construction of a certain memory. The results showed that the skin marks are also memory marks that: i) contribute to the constitution of the subjectivity of the marked subject; ii) favor the maintenance of socially constructed stereotypes, which reinforce negative images about oneself in the marked subject; and iii) relate to the question of desire and, consequently, with the constitution of the unconscious of each marked subject. http://ijaers.com/detail/the-memory-of-exclusion-of-the-other-and-your-look-in-speaking-patients-with-dermatological-pathologies/ Maria Esther Ventin de Oliveira Prates, Edvânia Gomes da Silva http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/73IJAERS-11201954-TheMemory.pdf The use of natural resources, in recent times, has intensified in exponential scale as well as their degradation, fostered by the inadequate management of the soil, water bodies and biodiversity. One of the most affected places by this dynamic is related to floodplain or lowland, since the vegetation suppression, present in this environment, is subtracted by anthropic actions through practices such as agriculture, urban construction and mining. This last one, in the municipality of São Miguel do Guamá, state of Para, occurs as a result of the extraction of clay, used from the manufacture of ceramics (bricks, tiles, etc.) to medicinal treatments. The approval of Federal Law No. 12,651 / 2012 allows mining activity in floodplain and Permanent Preservation Area (APP). Thus, the present study aims to analyze the recurrent environmental impacts in these areas, focusing on the Guamá river APP, inserted in the municipality of São Miguel do Guamá, by mapping the floodplain, APP and land cover in this area; identification of clay extraction sites; gauging the environmental impacts of extraction; quantify land cover; evaluate and propose measures to mitigate environmental impacts. Based on the results it can be concluded that floodplain forest suppression and fragmentation directly influence the provision of ecosystem services to the local population. The main factor of this loss is the change in land use and the activity of clay extraction along the lowland. http://ijaers.com/detail/environmental-analysis-of-guam-river-flood-plan-with-emphasis-for-clay-mining-in-the-city-of-s-o-miguel-do-guam-pa/ Layse Gomes Furtado, Estêvão José da Silva Barbosa, Carla Braga Pereira, Lúcio Correia Miranda, Marcelo Augusto Machado Vasconcelos, Paulo Celso Santiago Bittencourt http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/74IJAERS-11201951-Environmental.pdf For a building to be considered sustainable, it is essential that it be energy efficient and assess the impact that its implementation and use will have on the environment. The evaluation of the energy efficiency of the systems that make up a building becomes fundamental. For this, the analysis of the envelope, its materiality, its conductivity indices and thermal transmittance directly influence the energy consumption of a building. Based on the Technical Quality Regulation for the Energy Efficiency Level of Commercial, Service and Public Buildings (RTQ-C), it was possible to evaluate and classify the efficiency levels of an educational building located in the municipality of Lajeado, Rio de Janeiro state. Grande do Sul, Brazil, applying natural and innovative materials for thermal insulation of wraps. The original rating of Level D goes to levels A and B, depending on the amount of insulating material applied. It is noteworthy that for the building to be classified as Level A, it is necessary to reduce the energy consumption of the artificial lighting system by 65%. http://ijaers.com/detail/energy-efficiency-assessment-of-the-involvement-of-an-educational-building-using-the-prescription-method-rtq-c/ Rodrigo Spinelli, Alana Francischett Pitol, Pedro Henrique Dall’Agnol Pasquali, Faustino Patiño Cambeiro, Odorico Konrad http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/75IJAERS-11201980-Energy.pdf This paper aims to evaluate the educational assistance of itinerant children, analyzing the dynamics of formal and informal education of circus children, considering the current legislation that regulates the guidelines of this group inside the Brazilian educational landscape. For this purpose, bibliographic research has been carried out, from the survey of theoretical references previously analyzed and published, to express and discuss the social and cultural context of people in situations of recurrent migration, particularly school-age children attended by various schools scattered throughout Brazil. The results found has shown that formal education is challenging to access and has several issues. In this respect, some topics are highlighted, such as the lack of vacancies, irregular documentation, and the hostile environment that itinerants face, as well as other limitations, inclusive the precise quantification of circus students and the indicative rate of school dropout. http://ijaers.com/detail/schooling-of-itinerant-children-circus-families-a-bibliographical-study/ Luama Soraia Coelho Lins, Luiz Antônio Costa de Santana, Brenda Thaise Cerqueira de Souza, Carlos Alberto Batista Santos http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/76IJAERS-11201982-Schooling.pdf The automatic delimitation of watersheds stands out as essential for the planning and management of water resources, and the delineation and layout of the hydrographic network influences conjunctures in this process. The use of natural resources such as water due to their use in agriculture, industry and urban supply was part of the growing scientific advance regarding the evolution in the scenario of cartographic representation currently dominated by digital cartography. In order to provide a data structure for further hydrological studies by morphometry, it is permissible to establish parameters that indicate the behavior of the river basin, such as flood potential. Therefore, this study had the objective to define the Hydrographic River Basin the Killing making use of TauDEM extension (Terrain Analysis Using Digital Elevation Models), appliance exclusive to hydrological analysis with membership of Digital Elevation Models (DEMs), which can be obtained from remote sensing products absorbed in a variety of free or commercial software such as ArcGIS and QGIS. Given the results obtained it can be attributed that the TauDEM tool is very efficient for automatic delimitation of river basins, mainly reducing the time spent in the process, giving incentives for the diagnosis and planning of watersheds. It is concluded in this study that the Matança River Basin has a flat and gently undulated relief, not susceptible to flooding. http://ijaers.com/detail/delineation-of-the-matan-a-river-basin-by-the-taudem-automatic-demarcation-tool/ Saulo Maciel Junior, Alesi Teixeira Mendes http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/77IJAERS-11201970-Delineation.pdf Commercially pure titanium has characteristics that define it as an excellent biomaterial, and for presenting these properties, it is widely used for biomedical purposes. In view of this information, studies are being conducted on titanium in order to improve its biocompatibility and adaptation with human tissue. Several types of topographic, chemical and surface analysis are proposed in order to make Ti CP an increasingly biocompatible material. The present work aimed to analyze the surface roughness and wettability of Ti CP, as well as the correlation of these properties. Twelve titanium discs with different Ra roughness grades and different orientations of this roughness were used and then a wettability analysis was performed using the sessile drop technique using water. Relationships between wettability and roughness can be made from the results obtained. http://ijaers.com/detail/wettability-x-roughness-a-study-of-ti-cp-surfaces/ Gilvan Bomfin e Sousa, Marina de Oliveira Cardoso Macêdo, Haroldo Reis Alves de Macêdo http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/78IJAERS-11201973-Wettability.pdf This shows an analysis of the New Forest Code with two enterprises in the city of Manaus /AM located around a Permanent Preservation Area (APP) with the purpose of comparing environmental standards with the execution of the enterprises. The results indicate that the enterprises do not follow the laws in force, thus being contributing to the degradation of the area. The presence of these large enterprises causes difficulties in the application of laws that preserve THE PAPs, causing the degradation of the same. http://ijaers.com/detail/irregularity-in-the-applications-of-environmental-legislation-in-enterprises-in-the-urban-area-of-manaus/ Adriane Lima Dos Santos, Fabiana Rocha Pinto, Alexandra Amaro de Lima, Igor Felipe Oliveira Bezerra http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/79IJAERS-11201968-Irregularity.pdf This experimental research work is on the production of biofertilizer from cow dung and the comparism of plant growth rate using biofertilizer and chemical fertilizer. It was conducted first with anaerobically degeneration of cow dung in a minifloating biodigester for a period of 30 days to produce biofertilizer, a liquid with soil enriching property hence suitable for plant growth, then test of the effect on growth rate using the biofertilizer and chemical fertilizer on cultivated maize in nurseries for a period of 30 days. Laboratory test of biofertilizer recorded pH of 4.9, N2 of 0.026mg/l, K of 650mg/l, while chemical fertilizer had pH of 5.1, N2 of 0.00124mg/l, K of 3416.66mg/l. Test results based on performance of the fertilizers on the growth rate of maize shows the height of stem for the biofertilizer and chemical fertilizer to be 26.2cm and 25.3cm respectively, the length of roots to be 11.4cm and 10.3cm for the biofertilizer and chemical fertilizer respectively, and the length of the broadest leaf to be 25.8cm and 25.2cm for the biofertilizer and chemical fertilizer respectively.The results from all the resaerch shows that cow dung can be converted through, anaerobic biodegradation to biofertilizer amongst other useful products and the biofertilizer produced is richer in nutrints than the chemical fertilizer, hence it is more suitable and have a better effect on growth rate. http://ijaers.com/detail/effect-of-biofertilizer-producedfrom-cowdung-and-convemtional-fertilizer-onplant-growth/ Akuma Oji, Dappa Richard Godgift http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/80IJAERS-11201939-Effectof.pdf