http://ijaers.com/ Open Access international Journal to publish research paper en-us October 2020 Energy is an essential component of any economic development, and electric power is a fundamental indicator of a country's economic and technological progress. Libya is currently wholly dependent on oil and natural gas to produce electricity. In the wake of dwindling fossil fuel reserves, rising costs of this type of fuel, and negative environmental impacts such as air pollution, acid rain, and associated global warming impacts, renewable energy has gained much attention. Libya has a high potential to benefit from electric power generation from renewable energy, such as solar, wind, and biomass energy. In particular, PV technology appears to be the most reliable in Libya's rural areas for its convenient use and economic appeal. Wind energy is an indirect form of solar energy. Between 1-2% of the solar radiation that reaches the Earth then converted into wind energy. The use of wind energy is also becoming competitive compared to conventional sources of energy. Libya has high wind potential. This massive amount of wind is distributed across the country. In 2013, the Libyan government launched the Strategic Plan for Renewable Energy 2013-2025, which aims to contribute 7% of renewable energy to the electrical energy mix before 2020 and 10% by 2025. It will come from wind power, concentrated solar energy and solar PV, And solar heat. http://ijaers.com/detail/future-study-of-renewable-energy-in-libya/ Waled Yahya, Ahmed Nassar, Fathi A Mansur, Mohammed Al-Nehari, M.M. Alnakhlani http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/1IJAERS-09202056-FutureStudy.pdf Social relations contribute to give meaning to life, favoring the organization of identity through the interrelationship between people. Although there are studies that indicate an association between interpersonal relationships, social support and quality of life of the elderly, only a few focus specifically on the social skills of this population and the empirical relationship with successful aging. The objective was to analyze the association between social skills and successful aging strategies. The method had a quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional design, with a sample of 50 people, between 60 and 84 years old, of both genders, participating in computing groups in Novo Hamburgo/Brazil. The Social Skills Inventory 2 (IHS2-Del-Prette), and the Selection, Optimization and Compensation Inventory (SOC) were used. For data analysis, descriptive, correlation (Spearman) and linear regression (stepwise) analyzes were performed. The results showed that the increase in the use of successful aging strategies is directly related to the expansion of social skills for expressing positive feelings and for social resourcefulness. The strategy of elective selection, for the promotion of successful aging is directly related to the improvement of social skills, especially of assertive conversation and social resourcefulness. The loss-based selection strategy is directly related to the expression of positive feelings and social resourcefulness. Therefore, it is relevant that public actions and policies that promote the development of successful aging strategies are maintained and promoted, as they can assist in increasing the repertoire of social skills. http://ijaers.com/detail/analysis-of-the-relation-of-social-skills-and-successful-aging-strategies-in-elderly-people-regularly-participating-in-digital-inclusion-courses/ Morgana Konrath, Andrea Varisco Dani, Maristela Cassia de Oliveira Peixoto, Rosane Barbosa, Yasmin Daniele Garcia, Geraldine Alves dos Santos http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/2IJAERS-09202065-Analysis.pdf Wind energy is becoming one of the main energy sources of the Brazilian Power Sector. The installed capacity increased from 247,00 MW in 2007 to 15.378,85 MW in 2019. This paper aims to examine the current scenario and the perspectives for wind energy in the country, based on an analysis of the institutional framework that developed the wind power sector in Brazil. In order to do this, this study carries out an analysis on two mechanisms that fostered this sector in Brazil: The Incentive Program for Alternative Energy Sources and the Auction of Alternative Sources, based on official data, legislation and specialized literature. The Incentive Program for Alternative Energy Sources enabled the acquisition of many wind farms, as it introduced local content rules. In addition, due to the prices that resulted from generation auctions in recent years, the extreme competitiveness of wind energy in Brazil becomes evident. http://ijaers.com/detail/wind-energy-in-brazil-present-trends-and-future-scenarios/ Pedro Vardiero, Antônio Pedro da Costa e Silva Lima, Gabriel Hidd http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/3IJAERS-1020204-WindEnergy.pdf Purpose: The aim was to evaluate the use of hydroxyapatite powder (HDX) obtained from human teeth as a material to filled occlusal cavities compared with glass ionomer cement (GIC) through the microleakage analysis. Methods: Sixty-one permanent teeth were selected. Thirty-nine samples were used to obtain the hydroxyapatite powder and 22 used to obtain specimens for microleakage analysis. The teeth were sterilized. Two standardized Class I cavities were performed on the occlusal surface of each tooth. The specimens were randomly distributed in two groups (n = 11) GIC and HDX. The same sample received in occlusal cavities GIC and HDX restorations. After 24 hours 11 samples were immersed in broth containing S.mutans (ATCC 25175) and 5% methylene blue dye (MB + S. mutans) and the remaining 11 samples were immersed in 5% MB. Samples were sectioned mid-distally and dye leakage was assessed by three calibrated examiners. Results: The data were analyzed with Kruskall-Wallis test. There was no difference between GIC and HDX (P>0.05) and between the MB and MB with S. mutans (P>0.05). Conclusion: Within the limitations of this in vitro study it can be concluded that hydroxyapatite may be an alternative as a restorative material. http://ijaers.com/detail/microleakage-of-class-i-cavities-restored-with-hydroxyapatite-and-glass-ionomer-cement/ Fernanda Caetano, Julia Steck, Maria Luiza Q Mohieddine, Mariana R Coelho, Natalia C Massat, Diana Roberta P Grandizoli, Carlos Eduardo Fontana, Sérgio Luiz Pinheiro http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/4IJAERS-1020203-Microleakage.pdf Proxy models are derived mathematical functions developed as substitutes for reservoir flow simulators. Several types of proxy models are reported in the literature, for instance, response surface models, surrogate models, or metamodels. These models are fast methods, recommended for their efficient response time to approximate model responses and, therefore, useful in the decision-making process related to reservoir management. These studies focus on modelling a limited set of factors, applications, and case studies of any technique. A systematic literature review (SLR) is performed to gather the aspects prompting the modelling of proxy models in the literature and state-of-the-art. For this, a set of search keywords with appropriate string were utilised to extract the most important studies that satisfied all the criteria defined and classified under journal and conference paper categories. The papers were condensed after removing redundancy, repetition and similarity through a sequential and iterative process. From the analysis carried out, several gaps were identified, especially during the proxy model construction. Proxy models have already been discussed in petroleum engineering as a representation of the real system of reservoir flow simulator software. However, the proxy model response is faster but has yet to establish the issues of uncertainty in the outputs. There is a need for the integration of fast methods and reservoir simulators which can improve and accelerate results within acceptance criteria and accuracy in decision-making processes related to reservoir management. http://ijaers.com/detail/development-of-proxy-models-for-petroleum-reservoir-simulation-a-systematic-literature-review-and-state-of-the-art/ Luciana Maria Da Silva, Guilherme Daniel Avansi, Denis José Schiozer http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/5IJAERS-09202067-Development.pdf The aim was to evaluate the clinical-pathological characteristics and to assess the outcomes of the clinical management of oral leukoplakia (OL), considering the clinical-pathological characteristics as predictors of OL progression. This retrospective observational analysis was conducted with patients referred to our university between the years 1998 to 2013. Only the medical records containing age, gender, smoking status, alcohol consumption, clinical, pathological and management documentation were included. A new biopsy was performed in cases in which recurrence or changes in clinical parameters were observed. The association between the clinical, demographic and histologic characteristics and the clinical fate of OL was analyzed with the Fisher exact test. Of 120 patients, 22 presented demographic and clinicopathologic data eligible for further analysis, of which 54.5% were female and 45.4% were male. The mean age was 52.5±13.11 years, and the follow-up period ranges from 12-180 months. Tongue dorsum and buccal mucosa were the most affected sites, with predominance of lesions with 0.05). Although the possible bias related with retrospective studies, our results suggests that surgical removal of OL should be performed even in cases without OED. None of the studied clinical traits were reliable in the prediction of the risk of OED worsening. http://ijaers.com/detail/clinical-and-pathologic-patterns-of-oral-leukoplakia-a-retrospective-study-of-surgical-management-and-clinical-outcome/ Fernanda Paula Yamamoto-Silva, Caroline Alves de Castro,Sandra Lúcia Ventorin von Zeidler, Leandro Brambilla Martorell, Brunno Santos de Freitas Silva http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/6IJAERS-1020202-Clinical.pdf Efficiency is an accomplishment through operation to use least amounts of inputs to achieving a highest level of output it is an important area of study because ensuring efficiency minimizes the wastage of resources while accomplishing the desired outputs. This study was to decide the economic efficiency of crop producing rural farmers in abeshigeworeda or district which is one of the districts in gurage zone, SNNPR. Six kebeles and 399 sample respondents were selected through applying stratify sampling procedure. The descriptive statics, Parametric Stochastic Frontier Production Function, the Cobb Douglas production function and Tobit regression methods were used to accomplish the objective of the study. The rural farmers ranked constraints were analyzed through using Kendall’s coefficient of concordance to test for the degree of agreement in ranking. Technical efficiency estimates range from 19.94 percent to 95.16 percent with a mean efficiency of 64.69 percent, while Allocative efficiency estimates range from 15.52 percent to 97.69 percent with a mean of 57.47 percent. The economic efficiency estimates range from 10.9 percent to 81.29 percent with a mean of percent. As the result indicated, crop output was positively and significantly influenced by labor, seed, fertilizer, house hold size and land size. This study therefore recommended that would improve the application of full packages of fertilizer and improved seed, appropriate use of productive labors, line method of seeding and membership of individual farmers. http://ijaers.com/detail/economic-efficiency-of-crop-production-in-gurage-zone-the-case-of-abeshige-woreda-snnpr-ethiopia/ Hayatu Mude Sherif http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/7IJAERS-09202060-Economic.pdf The management of cultural change is necessary from the moment that innovation is essential to maintain an organization in a given scenario. This change process can come through the creation of a long-term strategic plan. Then, an internalization of the objectives and goals defined in the plan so that all employees are aware of the current situation and the predicted situation, the one that is desired. In our view, a cultural change from this point is much more accepted than one in which you want to implement suddenly, the engagement of the entire organization is much greater. However, there are some particularities when it comes to managing cultural change and managing people in Public Administration, as the manager is bound by what the 1988 Constitution determines in its article 37. It is healthy, however, that the Norms Brazilian Accounting Companies (Private Internal Audits) as well as the Manuals of the Federal Comptroller General (Government Internal Audits) recommend that Internal Audit must be linked to senior management (preferably to the Board of Directors, if any) so that it has the necessary autonomy in carrying out their work. At this point, it is evident that, despite the legislation (within the scope of Government Audits) being a limit for an administration of public organizational change, this sector still has greater autonomy for this given its hierarchical positioning. http://ijaers.com/detail/organizational-culture-in-internal-audits-managing-cultural-change-in-search-of-excellence-in-its-services/ Débora Cristina Passos de Sá, Hermeto Luiz Carvalho de Queiroz, Altair Reis do Nascimento http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/8IJAERS-10202014-Cultura.pdf Dried cashew nuts at 8.2% moisture content from the store of Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria, Ibadan were used for this study. The cashew nuts were categorized into sizes following reported standard and processed according to the recommended procedures. Kernels obtained were also similarly processed. Mechanical related and biochemical characteristics of the nuts and kernels were investigated. True density of the nut sizes showed wide range average values which were statistically not significantly different (P ≤ 0.05). Co-efficient of friction among nut sizes was significantly different with average values that were marginally different. Shelling or whole kernel recovery after shelling and percentage white whole kernel after peeling indicated wide range difference according to nut sizes. Peelability decreased from 0.93 to 0.14 Kg/hr from extra large to madras nut sizes. Almost all the biochemical characteristics were marginally different. The oil content of the kernels was 45.5- 48.5% (w/w) which were 2.2:1 – 2.1:1 kernel to oil ratio. Cashew Nut Shell Liquid (CNSL) content ranged from 39 -49.7% (w/w). Differences in kernel and testa contents were also marginal ranging from 29.4 to 36.2% and 7.3 to 13.2% respectively. Similarity and differences in the characteristics of cashew nut sizes as revealed can be a good tool for decision-making by engineers, producers and processors for general development in cashew business. http://ijaers.com/detail/mechanical-and-bio-chemical-characteristics-of-cashew-anacardium-occidentale-l-nut-sizes/ Adeleke S. A., Baba Nitsa M., Olalekan-Adeniran M. A., Agbola O. http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/9IJAERS-09202062-Mechanical.pdf Objective: to report the experience of applying Nursing Care Systematization to users with Dimorphic Leprosy in reaction treatment for type 2 disability. Method: This is a descriptive study, like an experience report. The NCS was applied to the user during the nursing consultation to continue to control the Hans de Mal program and n in a Family Health Strategy, located in the Administrative District of Bengui in the city of Belem - PA ; in order to construct the present report, it took five moments . Results: In order to build this report, it took five moments: in the first moment, the ACS responsible for the micro area in which he resides was aware of the patient's history; then, the consultation at the clinic ; the second moment, the problems encountered during the consultation were listed ; in the third moment, the adequate elaboration of the affected Basic Human Needs ; In the fourth moment, the Nursing Diagnoses based on the North American Nursing Diagnosis International and the International Classification of Nursing Practices in Public Health were applied ; In the fifth moment, the expected results were drawn and Finally, in the sixth moment, the nursing interventions and prescriptions were scored . Then a care plan comprising 10 interventional plans. Conclusion: The importance of nursing care for the contribution to the quality of life of the patient, family and community is emphasized, even in difficult moments as in the present study, thus demonstrating the importance of these services at all levels of care. http://ijaers.com/detail/systematization-of-nursing-care-for-patients-with-dimorfa-leprosy-undergoing-treatment-for-type-2-disability/ Thainara Braga Soares, Fernando Conceição de Lima, Viviane Ferraz Ferreira de Aguiar, Douglas Rafael da Cruz Carneiro, Letícia Erica Neves dos Prazeres, Jailma Bendelaque Sousa, Thalyta Mariany Rêgo Lopes Ueno, Beatriz Ribeiro Reis, Juliana Raiyanni Sousa Neto, Yuri Henrique Andrade de Olivera, Tatiane de Souza Vasconcelos, Mercês Rodrigues Cruz, Luane Freitas de Araújo, Sara Elene da Silva Mendonça, Maria Bárbara Freire Lameira, Andreza Cassundé Moraes, Brenda Tanielle Dutra Ramos, Ana Flavia Áraujo dos Anjos, Murilo Elder Ferreira Costa, Maria Rute de Souza Araújo, Katielem Melo Vale, Alanna Patrícia da Cruz Barros, Paula Sousa da Silva Rocha, Milena Farah Damous Castanho Ferreira, Nathalie Dias Pinheiro, Lorena de Paula de Souza Barroso, Suenne Paes Carreiro de Aviz, Ana Larissa Bendelaqui Cardoso, Bianca Campos Oliveira, Thainá Chaves de Souza, Jully Gabriela Navegantes dos Santos, Juliana Conceição Dias Garcez http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/10IJAERS-09202066-Systematization.pdf All ferrous materials, except the austenitic grades, exhibit a transition from ductile to brittle when tested above and below a certain temperature, called as ductile to brittle transition temperature (DBTT). In order to better understanding the effect of the volume fraction of δ ferrite in the impact toughness of austenitic stainless steels at low temperatures, the microstructures of welded joints of austenitic stainless steel produced through SAW, were studied. The groove welds were produced using welding electrodes and flux of the same specification, ER 316L 3.2 mm and a fluoride basic flux (CaF2-Al2O3-SiO2). The filler metals used are from different heats with different chemical compositions resulting in different ferrite numbers. The base metal used is AISI 316L TYPE plates of 25 mm thickness. The chemical compositions and the variation of the volume fractions of δ ferrite in the deposits were measured.The welded coupons were tested at -196 ᵒC to measure the impact toughness. The results confirm that the volume fraction of δ ferrite is of paramount importance in the impact toughness of austenitic stainless steels at cryogenic temperatures. Complementary techniques of microstructural analysis were used, such as optical emission spectrometry, optical microscopy and quantitative image analysis. http://ijaers.com/detail/study-on-the-effect-of-ferrite-number-on-impact-toughness-of-austenitic-stainless-steels-at-low-temperatures/ André de Albuquerque Vicente, Peter Aloysius D'silva, Bobby Jos, Tiago Felipe de Abreu Santos, Jorge Alberto Soares Tenório http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/11IJAERS-1020209-Studyon.pdf The purpose of this in vitro study was to identify the secondary metabolites and to evaluate the antimicrobial activity, cytotoxicity, antioxidant capacity, and effect on metalloproteinases (MMPs) activity of two Brazilian propolis samples. The extracts of brown (BP) and green (GP) propolis were obtained by rotoevaporation. Phenolic compounds, flavonoids and coumarins were identified by colorimetric methods and determined by spectrophotometry. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of BP and GP against Candida albicans and Enterococcus faecalis was determined by broth microdilution. Cytotoxicity was assessed by MTT assay using L929 mice fibroblast cell line and supplemented DMEM culture medium. The antioxidant capacity was evaluated by DPPH test. The zymography assay was performed to evaluate the activity of BP and GP against MMP-2 and MMP-9. GP had a higher rate of coumarins and flavonoids, whereas BP had a higher content of phenolic compounds. GP and BP extracts showed antimicrobial activity against C. albicans and E. faecalis regardless of concentration, and presented low toxicity, except GP at 2.5 mg/mL, which reduced 40% of fibroblast cell metabolism. GP and PB extracts showed antioxidant capacity against the DPPH free radical at a concentration of 55.489 ± 1.512 μg/mL and 38.378 ± 0.735 μg/mL, respectively. Also, BP and GP showed an inhibitory effect against MMP-2 and MMP-9 from 1 to 5 mg/mL. The green and brown Brazilian propolis showed antimicrobial effect, low cytotoxicity, antioxidant capacity, and ability to inhibit the activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9, having potential to be used in endodontics as root canal irrigant. http://ijaers.com/detail/green-and-brown-propolis-as-antioxidant-antimicrobial-and-inhibitors-of-matrix-metalloproteinases-in-endodontics/ Denise Leda Pedrini de Arruda, Adriana Fernandes da Silva, Wellington Luiz de Oliveira da Rosa, Rafael Guerra Lund, Ivana Maria Póvoa Violante, Orlando Aguirre Guedes, Andreza Maria Fábio Aranha http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/12IJAERS-1020206-Greenand.pdf The use of organic wastes (residual biomasses) is a subject of great importance due to the enormous quantities generated around the world and the undesirable environmental impact caused by the incorrect disposal of this material. In this paper, it will be discussed the use of pyrolysis for some of these residual biomasses (coconut fiber, coffee silver skin and sugarcane bagasse and straw), reducing the volume and producing activated carbon for use in adsorption processes. The produced biochar was chemically activated by using potassium carbonate (K2CO3) and applied in the adsorption of copper (II) from aqueous samples. Batch experiments were done to evaluate the influence of contact time and initial metal concentration. The activated carbon produced proved to be an excellent adsorbent for metallic ions (Cu2+) from aqueous solution, mainly due to its superficial area. Using an initial concentration of 500 mg L−1 of Cu(II), the uptake of the activated carbon obtained from sugarcane straw was 135.7 mg g-1, which is an excellent value for metal ions removal from water. Short conclusion: The produced biochars, after the activation showed a very large surface area that confirms the potential use as a powerful adsorbent to recover polluted waters. http://ijaers.com/detail/adsorption-properties-of-activated-biochars-produced-from-agro-industrial-residual-biomass/ Jaderson K. Schneider, Laiza C. Krause, Ana P.Carvalho, José M. F. Nogueira, Elina B. Caramão http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/13IJAERS-102202010-Adsorption.pdf This study aims to determine product attributes of men's casual bags using embroidery tumpar motif from the design and product specifications according to user needs. Tumpar is embroidery from the Dayak tribe in East Kalimantan, Indonesia and has a unique motif. This study uses the Kansei Engineering method. The purpose of the Kansei Engineering method is to translate the image of consumers or consumer feelings into real design components in order to obtain flexible bag product specifications according to consumer desires. The objects observed were 55 men respondents who were given an online questionnaire due to the Covid 19 pandemic situation. From the the result of SPSS 25 abaout analysis factors that influence the design of men's casual bags, it is concluded that ergonomic factors and innovative factors greatly influence the design of the bag. The specification of ergonomics are small size, sling bag mode, light weight, netral color and need space to put personal items. The specification of innovative are simple but unique design, material from a combination of leather and natural materials, and regional cultural elements. http://ijaers.com/detail/design-of-men-s-casual-bags-with-tumpar-embroidery-motif-using-the-kansei-engineering-method-and-the-ergonomic-model/ Dwi Cahyadi, Etwin Fibrianie Soeprapto, Andi Farid Hidayanto http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/14IJAERS-10220208-Designof.pdf Hibiscus ssp. is a source of phytochemicals, mainly anthocyanins, widely known for its medicinal properties. The aim of this study was to develop a microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) method to extract bioactive compounds from yellow and red petals of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. (HRS) and evaluate their antioxidant and eye irritation potential. For MAE, the effect of microwave power, irradiation time, solvent concentration and solvent volume was tested. The antioxidant activity and eye irritation potential were evaluated. The extracts were analyzed by LC-DAD-ESI-IT-MS/MS. The acidified aqueous extraction was the best choice for the recovery of anthocyanins, while hydroethanolic was best extractor solvent to recovery flavonol and flavanols. MAE extracts showed efficient recovery: total phenolic content (28.4 and 23.2 mg GAE/g), total flavonoids content (44.8 and 34.5 mg RE/g),total anthocyanins content (4.1 and 16.3 mg Cy-3-glu/100 g) and extraction yields (29.5 and 23.2 %) and remarkable antioxidant activity (IC50=12.35 and 15.76 mg L-1) for yellow and red petal extracts, respectively. Main compounds were cyanidin-3-sophoroside and cyanidin-3,5-diglucoside, besides catechin, epicatechin and rutin. The extracts were classified as non-irritating ingredients. The data revealed HRS as a source of bioactive compounds and significant variations in phytochemical content among yellow and red petals of HRS. http://ijaers.com/detail/phytochemical-analysis-antioxidant-activity-and-in-vitro-ocular-irritation-of-hibiscus-rosa-sinensis-l-extracts/ Barros L.A.B, Santos A.L., Polidoro A. S., Neubauer T. M., Santana A. A. M., Cardoso J. C., Jacques R. A., Krause L.C., Caramão E.B. http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/15IJAERS-10202011-Phytochemical.pdf The challenges for the construction of a pandemic confrontation agenda by COVID-19 in Brazil come up against social inequalities, as a reflection of the segregation of access to comprehensive basic sanitation services and public health assistance programs. The objective of this work is to analyze the profile of deaths and recoveries by COVID-19 in the state of Minas Gerais, based on socio-environmental predictors, using a logistic regression model and classification tree (CHAID). Data on recovered individuals and confirmed deaths for COVID-19 were obtained from the Minas Gerais State Department of Health, containing records of age, sex, race, comorbidity and municipality of residence. The data regarding municipal basic sanitation were obtained from Instituto Trata Brasil. The Minitab and SPSS software were used in the elaboration of the logistic regression models and classification tree, respectively. The probability of death from COVID-19 in the state is significantly higher in males, over the age of 60 years old, with some comorbidity, declared black and brown, living in municipalities located in the poorest macro-regions of the state, where classes prevail inadequate or inadequate basic sanitation. The classification tree for deaths by COVID-19, differentiates young blacks and browns without comorbidity, and the elderly with comorbidity not assisted by a comprehensive basic sanitation network. It is concluded that the worsening of the pandemic in the state is related to aspects of social vulnerability, and that the implementation of inclusive public policies is urgent. http://ijaers.com/detail/logistic-regression-models-and-classification-tree-for-deaths-and-recovered-patients-records-of-covid-19-in-the-state-of-minas-gerais-brazil/ Fabrício Pelizer Almeida, Moisés Keniel Guilherme de Lima, Demóstenes Coutinho Gomes, Esther Ferreira de Souza http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/16IJAERS-1020205-Logistic.pdf In the mid-70s, the former NUCLEBRAS carried out several studies to prospect for uranium minerals in the Northeast region. However, the anomalous occurrence of uranium and thorium located in the Agreste Semiárido region of Pernambuco, in the Pernambuco municipalities of Pedra and Venturosa drew the attention of technicians. However, after detailed studies, it was found that, despite the high concentrations of uranium and thorium, the occurrences were punctual, which made its extraction economically unfeasible. Despite being considered economically unviable, the inhabitants of the municipalities of Pedra and Venturosa are subject to high levels of natural radiation, which can result in damage to health. In Brazil, the exploration of radioactive ores is the responsibility of the Federal Government, with the National Nuclear Energy Commission (NNEC) being responsible for the administration of such resources, with the Nuclear Industries of Brazil (NIB) responsible for mining activities. Considering Brazilian law, NNEC is also responsible for radioactive deposits considered economically unviable, as it is a regulatory and supervisory body for all nuclear activities in the country. Thus, and within this context, the present study aimed to research, under Brazilian law, the legal responsibility for the natural radioactive anomaly existing in the Pernambuco and Pedra de Venturosa municipalities. For this purpose, a bibliographic review search in the specialized literature was used. The results obtained showed that, legally, CNEN is responsible for the natural radioactive anomaly located between the municipalities of Pedra and Venturosa, and therefore, it must adopt mitigating measures of radiological protection in those municipalities. http://ijaers.com/detail/uranium-exploration-in-brazil-and-its-consequences/ Naldicea Cunha Fernandes da Silva, Cleomacio Miguel da Silva, Lívia de Souza Alexandre, Walkyria Carvalho, Jéssika Gouveia http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/17IJAERS-1020207-Uranium.pdf The purpose of this study was to produce concrete with ideal coarse aggregate and compare it to concrete made with inadequate aggregate.Assess the influence of inappropriate aggregate on concrete properties.The concretes produced with Blade aggregate presented an elasticity module superior to the concrete with cubic aggregate, demonstrating greater elasticity in the concrete and, in the tensile strength, they presented better performance in the first ages. For fresh concrete and compressive strength, the cubic shape performed better.The cubical shape, considered ideal, has length/thickness 30 mm. The physical properties of ideal coarse aggregate and inadequate aggregate were compared after separation and classification for concrete production and subsequent analysis of workability, compressive strength, tensile strength and modulus of elasticity of the resulting concrete. The goal was to assess the influence of ideal and inadequate coarse aggregate in different situations: dry material content, binder content, w/c ratio and concrete strength. http://ijaers.com/detail/comparative-study-of-ideal-and-inadequate-coarse-aggregate-on-the-mechanical-properties-of-concrete/ Danillo de Almeida e Silva, Carlos Eduardo Luna de Melo, André Luiz Bortolacci Geyer http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/18IJAERS-09202046-Comparative.pdf The Piracicaba Central Sugar Mill was founded in 1881, from the acquisition and installation of French machinery from the mechanical industry ‘Brissonneau Frères’. The assembly of the infrastructure was carried out by engineers André Paturau and Fernando Dumoulin with the most advanced technology in the period. It went into operation with 50 workers the following year, processing sugar cane from small and large suppliers. After going through two consecutive sales, it was acquired by French businessmen, under the new name ‘Sucrérie de Piracicaba’. With French capital, investments were made in infrastructure, expansion of the manufacturing plant and acquisition of agricultural area. In 1907 the ‘Societé de Sucrerie Brésiliennes’ - SSB was founded, which comprised six plants and until the end of the 1920s it was the largest and most important industry in the region. At the end of the 1960s, SSB was nationalized, changing its name to 'Usinas Brasileiras de Açúcar SA', operating until 1973, after two consecutive sales. The industrial plant, in line with industrial growth, received annexes and new constructions, which are constantly changing, but despite not being original, the industrial complex formed until the end of the operation of industrial activities is historically and landscapely representative. In 1989, the Central Sugar Mill remaining, including the forest, was listed as Cultural Heritage by the municipality and also expropriated to be used as a public park for cultural and leisure activities. Based on the identification and analysis of the elements through iconographic sources and remaining buildings, it is possible to see that the cultural landscape formed from a productive system is one of the most striking elements in the urban environment, already consolidated and considered an city icon in tourist and cultural character, because it combines the natural landscape formed by the Piracicaba river waterfall and the built landscape of a factory remnant. http://ijaers.com/detail/the-cultural-landscape-formation-in-piracicaba-central-sugar-mill/ Cachioni, Marcelo, Kühl, Beatriz Mugayar http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/19IJAERS-10202015-TheCultural.pdf The study aimed to bring current data on hospital infections, identifying the number of infections in four years in five hospitals in western Pará (Brazil). Data collection was carried out by consulting the information bank of the Health Department of the Municipality of Santarém. These hospitals operate in the municipality of Santarém, in the northern region of Brazil. Public or private hospitals that perform surgical procedures were used as inclusion criteria. The study identified that the Regional Hospital of Baixo Amazonas has the highest rates of nosocomial infections and that bloodstream infection was the most frequent in this unit. In addition, there was a notable correlation between the total number of surgeries performed in hospitals and the total number of deaths from nosocomial infections and between the total number of infections and the total number of deaths from infections. http://ijaers.com/detail/surgical-procedures-and-their-correlation-with-the-rate-of-nosocomial-infection-negative-impacts-on-the-recovery-process-of-inpatients-in-the-paraense-amazon/ Livia de Aguiar Valentim, Alessandro Santos Bonfim Almeida, Claudia Ribeiro Souza, Deize Freitas Pontes, Brenda Pires Brandão, Natalia Miranda Monteiro, Tatiane Costa Quaresma, Simone Aguiar da Silva Figueira http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/20IJAERS-10202036-Surgical.pdf Endodontic treatment has as main objective the cleaning and modeling of the root canal, thus removing the microorganisms that provide the infectious condition through chemical and mechanical preparation. The objective of this study is to present a case report on the evaluation of the regression of periradicular lesions submitted to endodontic treatment in a single session and filled with PBS CIMMO Hp and Endofill cement. It is a study with an applied research principle, a qualitative and quantitative approach, with an exploratory character, carried out on a 29-year-old female patient who had two uniradicular teeth (8 and 9) with periradicular injury caused by an infectious and asymptomatic process. Endodontic treatment in a single session was performed simultaneously on the two dental elements with ProDesign S rotating files, localization of the working length through foraminal locator and irrigation with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite and final irrigation with 17% EDTA. After complete chemical-mechanical preparation, dental element 9 was filled with endodontic cement endofill and dental element 8 was filled with bioceramic endodontic cement PBS CIMMO HP. Radiographic follow-up was performed for a period of 1, 2 and 8 months in order to observe the repair process of the lesions and the regression of the periradicular lesion and it was observed that the regression of the periradicular lesions submitted to endodontic treatment in a single and filled session with cement PBS CIMMO Hp and Endofill were similar in the two dental elements. Given the context, it is possible to conclude that the type of endodontic cement did not interfere in the regression time of the periapical lesion. http://ijaers.com/detail/evaluation-of-regression-of-periradicular-lesions-submitted-to-endodontic-treatment-in-a-single-session-and-filled-with-pbs-cimmo-hp-and-endofill-cement-clinical-case-report/ Eduardo Fernandes Marques, Anna Clara Ferreira Borges, Diana Leão Rodrigues Frota, Rodrigo Rodrigues Ventura e Larissa Coelho Bitencourt http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/21IJAERS-10202020-Evaluation.pdf India is the country where infrastructure is going very fast and also our country fastest emergent economy in the world and infrastructure plays a extremely very important responsibility in it. The Construction of high-rise structure in India is growing day by day. Consequently fresh thoughts and venture are wanted to make the structure secure, financial and durable. The base shear reduction by use of most favorable Size of Beam in Top Floors in Multistoried Building at different level is the one of the . It reduces the dimension of beam at the top floors of the structure to decrease its self-weight. http://ijaers.com/detail/a-review-study-base-shear-reduction-by-using-optimum-size-of-beam-in-top-floors-in-multistoried-building-at-different-levels/ Shubham Patel, Ankit Pal http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/22IJAERS-10202024-AReview.pdf Since the 21 century, China´s economic development has entered a new normal, and the driving force of economic development has changed from factor and investment drive to innovation drive. To meet the requirements of the new normal economic development, some complicated traditional enterprises in lines of iron and steel, coal, and aluminum industries, actively promote market-oriented reform, take the market as the guide to reshape the management mechanism, and continuously improve their market adaptability and core competition. YL, the market-oriented performance appraisal mode of the company, we should give full play to the strategic driving role of performance management in the development of the company and lead the traditional enterprises out of the financial predicament as soon as possible. http://ijaers.com/detail/market-oriented-performance-appraisal-model-of-traditional-enterprises-with-financial-dilemma-a-case-study-of-yl-company/ Song Xuelian http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/23IJAERS-10202018-Market-oriented.pdf Objective: to report the experience of using problematization theory in the elaboration of an intervention plan in a riverside community in the state of Para about sexually transmitted infections. Method: This is a descriptive study, the story kind of experience, realized by nursing an academic institution of higher education private in the city of Belem do Para/Brazil. The action was carried out in a riverside community on the island of Cotijuba in that city on July 20, 2020. Around 200 riverside dwellers participated in the action, including men, women, children, adults and the elderly. It was used as a methodology the Arch of Charles Maguerez, obeying the five stages of the Arch, namely: I- Identification of the Problem, II- Key Point, III- Theorization, IV- hypothesis and V- application / intervention in reality. Situational strategic planning was used to support the development of the intervention plan, which was developed based on the planning cycle, which is composed of four stages: explanatory moment, normative moment, strategic moment and tactical-operational moment. Results: The riverside community was receptive to the proposed methodology; the population held little knowledge on the subject; the need to integrate the community and find a support network for STI prevention was evident; The action provided the graduates with the possibility of a more complete training. Conclusion: The community in which it intervened, benefited from the actions and services carried out, given that there was participation and attachment during the entire process of action, contributing to the strengthening of a line of care, integral and resolute. http://ijaers.com/detail/the-use-of-theory-of-problematization-in-the-preparation-of-an-intervention-plan-in-a-riverside-community-in-the-state-of-para-experience-report/ Thainara Braga Soares, Fernando Conceição de Lima, Beatriz Rocha Barata de Souza, João Victor Cunha Paz, Renan de Souza do Egito, Silvani Damasceno de Barros, José Eduardo Resende Campos, Brenda Tanielle Dutra Barros, Fabia Jamilli Nascimento da Silva, Rosana Cristina Coqueiro Campos, Adrielly Cristiny Mendonça Fonseca, Paula Iolanda Pavão Barbosa, Luciana Emanuelle de Aviz, Jéssica de Souza Pereira, Nanni Moy Reis, Jully Gabriela Navegantes dos Santos, Marildete da Conceição Paula, Katielem Melo Vale, Tatiane de Souza Vanceoncelos, Ana Paula Silva Feio, Bertho Vinícius Rocha Nylander, Kalil Orleans Silveira Pinho, Patrícia Oliveira Bezerra, Daniel Lucas Costa Monteiro, Allan Marcos da Silva Palheta, Laydiane Martins Pinto, Juliana Souza de Albuquerque, Matheus Almeida Ramalho, Antuan Assad Iwasaka Neder, Ana Karla Alves Ribeiro, Rodrigo Santana Rodrigues, Marcos Cardoso Pacífico, Thalyta Mariany Rêgo Lopes Ueno http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/24IJAERS-10202021-Theuse.pdf The residues generated by the disposal of medicines are present, both in the terrestrial and in the aquatic environment, generating impacts, from the morphological alteration of fish to the appearance of bacteria super-resistant to antibiotics. In view of the social scenario, it is essential to implement an environmental education, through the adoption of public actions aimed at preserving the environment. In this work, the environmental impacts of drug disposal will be analyzed with the pharmacy and nursing professionals registered with the regional councils: Regional Pharmacy Council (CRF - AM) and Regional Nursing Council (COREN - AM), in December 2018 a January 2019. A survey carried out among the types of drugs most consumed and discarded by pharmacists and nurses registered with CRF - AM and COREN – AM. The effect of making the population aware of the disposal of medicines by pharmacists and nurses registered with their respective regional councils was evaluted in order to propose the environmental impact generated by the disposal of medicines in the environment. Finally, the socio-demographic profile of pharmacists and nurses registered with CRF - AM and COREN-AM was evalueted through interview questionnaire form. http://ijaers.com/detail/analysis-of-the-management-of-disposal-of-antibiotics-in-health-units-in-amazonas/ Vanessa Martins Fernandes Pinheiro, Jerônimo da Silva Lameira, Daniel Augusto de Andrade Pinheiro, Erika Dávila Cardoso Cardoso, Tamily Alencar Fontes de Freitas http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/25IJAERS-10202023-Analysisof.pdf Objective: to analyze the prevalence of congenital syphilis in the State of Pará from 2014 to 2018. Method: This is a descriptive study with a quantitative approach of all cases of congenital syphilis reported by the Acute Notification Information System (SINAN) and the Living Born Information System (SINASC) in the period from 2014 to 2018 where the results are presented in the form of graphs and tables. Result: The frequency of congenital syphilis in the State of Pará showed an increasing trend in the period from 2014 to 2018, with 2017 showing a higher number of cases, totaling 5.7 cases per thousand live births. In 2018 there was a decrease from 5.7 to 5.5 cases per thousand born alive, but still surpassing the goal set by the ministry of health and remaining an old public health problem. CONCLUSION: The study points out the need for greater involvement of health sectors and professionals in the eradication of the disease in the state of Pará, promoting primary actions of prevention and awareness of the severity of congenital syphilis for the mother and the newborn. http://ijaers.com/detail/prevalence-of-congenital-syphilis-in-northern-par-chronological-analysis-of-the-years-2014-to-2018/ Elyade Nelly Pires Rocha Camacho, Caroline Drielle dos Santos Oliveira, Joelma Sena Santos, Robson Pantoja Portilho, Litiani de Souza Costa, Juliana Pinheiro Cantanhede, Camélia Santos de Viveiros, Angela Tuany Rodrigues dos Santos, Gabriela Milena Amoras da Costa, Michelle Ingrid Assis da Silva, Melissa Barbosa Martins, Albertth Alex da Silva Lima, Grazielle Mendes de Sousa http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/26IJAERS-10202017-Prevalence.pdf Objective: to investigate the opinion and intention of the adult population in the city of Belém, State of Pará, Brazil, regarding the donation of organs and tissues for transplantation. Method: a cross-sectional, population-based, descriptive study with a quantitative approach, carried out in the city of Belém of Pará, Brazil, from July to August 2019. Results: 387 participants were interviewed, where 70.8% expressed a positive opinion regarding donation and intention to donate organs and tissues; and 50.9% had expressed their desire to be a donor to a family member. 88.6% of the interviewees would authorize the donation of organs and tissues after the death of a family member, provided that he previously expressed his willingness to be a donor. However, only 59.7% would authorize the donation of organs from a loved one diagnosed with brain death. There was a greater intention to donate, among female individuals, aged between 18 to 27 years, students, with family income between 3 to 5 minimum wages, who have children, Catholics and who live 3 to 4 hours a day with the family. Conclusion: this study allows us to conclude that older individuals with less education have less intention to donate their organs. The lack of information on organ donation and transplantation and all the consequences of not knowing the donation process is certainly a limiting factor for the increase in the number of donors. http://ijaers.com/detail/influence-of-knowledge-for-organ-and-tissue-donation-for-transplantation/ Felipe Aleixo de Carvalho, Leane dos Reis Costa, Suane Priscila dos Santos Antunes, Clédia Maria Gomes Moraes, Hermana Rayanne Lucas de Andrade Bender, Darllene Lucas de Andrade, Mayco Tadeu Vaz Silva, Rosenildo Maués Sardinha, Bruna Larissa Fernandes Coelho, Letícia Lôide Pereira Ribeiro, Márcia Soraya Quaresma Vera Cruz, Liliane Souza Soares Cerqueira, Pamela Nery do Lago, Luciene Maria dos Reis, Gabriela Cristina Vieira Cardoso, Maria Lúcia Costa dos Santos, Eimar Neri de Oliveira Junior, Marcio Almeida Lins, Paula Abitbol Lima, Rosinete Conceição Souza Soares, Leliane do Nascimento do Espírito Santo, Tatiane Peniche da Silva, Giovanna Farias de Sousa, Lauany Silva de Medeiros, Lorena Silva da Silva, Adilson Mendes de Figueiredo Júnior, Denise de Fátima Ferreira Cardoso, Adams Brunno Silva, Gleyce Pinto Girard, Danielle Oliveira Maciel, Renata Campos de Sousa Borges, Nilza Souza dos Santos, Elizangela Fonseca de Mendonça, Flaviane dos Reis Fortes, Glaucilene Viana Santa Brigida, Natália Ribeiro Batista, Thais Santos de Sousa, Luciana Moreira Batista, Alda Helena dos Santos Carvalho, Dayhane Souza da Conceição, Samuel Oliveira da Vera, Luziana Barros Correia, Gabriella Rodrigues Ferreira, Karine Honorato dos Santos, Rafaella Silva, Sávio Felipe Dias Santos, Maicon de Araujo Nogueira, Antonia Margareth Moita Sá http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/27IJAERS-10202038-Influence.pdf Direct current motors are widely used on the actioning of the electromechanical systems. One of the reasons for that usage is due to the possibility of a precise control of its axis rotation and therefore of the actioning performed by the motor. Due to the important role of that motors, this work presents a study about the control of a direct current motor using the discrete Proportional (P) – Integral (I) control technique, that encompassed: (i) the system dynamics description through differential equation and its equivalent transfer function; (ii) the transfer function discretization; (iii) the project of a discrete PI controller for the system; (iv) the control implementation and experimental tests, considering simulations and the real system; and (v) the comparative analysis of the obtained results. The motor considered in the real experiments is one from Maxon® manufacturer, that is a brushless motor of 12V DC integrated with an encoder of 500 pulses per revolution. An arm was connected to the motor’s axis in order to represent the load. For the electronic instrumentation of the system, a data acquisition board from National Instruments, model NI-PCI-6602, was used. The data obtained from that board were processed in the Matlab/Simulink® software, in order to generate the control signal to be sent to the system. The results obtained from the simulations and from the real system show that the used control strategy is appropriate for the presented application. Furthermore, the results also support futures comparative studies, considering other control techniques to be implemented in the system described in this paper. http://ijaers.com/detail/discrete-pi-controller-applied-on-a-brushless-motor-with-a-coupled-load/ Ricardo Breganon, Uiliam Nelson Lendzion Tomaz Alves, João Paulo Lima Silva de Almeida, Gustavo Vendrame Barbara, Fernando Sabino Fonteque Ribeiro, Luis Fabiano Barone Martins, Luiz Eduardo Pivovar, Rodrigo Henrique Cunha Palácios, Marcio Mendonça http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/28IJAERS-10202032-Discrete.pdf In this work mahua seeds were used to produce vegetable oil because of ease availability and low cost. By using catalytic transesterification vegetable oil extracted from mahua was converted into methyl ester. After that, the chemical and thermal properties of methyl ester was analysed as per ASTM standards. The mahua methyl ester and blends with diesel were analysed to find the performance, emission and combustion characteristics at standard injection pressure of 220bar in stationary Kirloskar AV1 engine. The emission characters like HC, CO and NOx were analysed using AVL di gas analyser. The smoke was measured using AVL make Hatridge smoke meter. Combustion characteristics were analysed through AVL combustion analyser. From the results B25 methyl ester have the nearly similar performance, emission and combustion characteristics with diesel fuel. http://ijaers.com/detail/characterization-of-mahua-methyl-ester-in-di-diesel-engine/ S Arul Selvan, K. Kumaravel http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/29IJAERS-10202022-Characterization.pdf The State of Santa Catarina has presented, each year, higher rates of violence. Aiming to contain the increasing episodes of public insecurity, the State has invested more and more in this area of governmental action. In this sense, this article has as general objective to verify how the social actors involved with Public Security, acting in the Military Police, evaluate their activities carried out in the city of Camboriú, Santa Catarina. At the outset, the topic of violence in the country was summarized, starting with an understanding of the reality experienced in the State of Santa Catarina and in the city of Camboriú. The Public Security Institutions and the duties of the Military Police were also presented on the basis of the state constitution. The research methodology used was the Case Study and as a technique, the interview was open to the social actors involved directly and indirectly with the Public Safety in the city, as well as to the users of the public service of Public Security in Camboriú. Among the conclusions, highlight the lack of cash and investments in the Military Police of Santa Catarina. http://ijaers.com/detail/the-military-police-in-the-municipality-of-cambori-an-evaluation-in-the-perspective-of-the-social-actors-involved/ Laís Antunes, Carlos Golembiewski, Vanderléa Ana Meller http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/30IJAERS-10202035-Themilitary.pdf Breast cancer is a neoplasm caused by the multiplication of abnormal breast cells with the capacity to evolve in various ways, some of which develop quickly while others develop more slowly according to the specific characteristics of each tumor. Mastectomy is one of the forms of treatment of breast cancer, being a surgery that can be performed in a total, radical modified or prophylactic way, for oncological or preventive reasons. Objective: to verify if the use of the therapeutic pillow offered through Facimed's extension project “Heart pillow - sewing love” in the mastectomy postoperative period showed the result of providing the physical and psychological comfort initially estimated in the extension project. The methodology is a cross-sectional, quantitative descriptive field survey that interviewed 23 participants who received the pillow during the execution of the extension project. Results: of the 23 participants, 21 (91.30%) are female, 15 (65.21%) married, with a predominance of white in 12 (52.17%). The mean age of the patients was 54 years old, with the age range of 42 to 59 years old prevailing in 12 (52.17%) patients. Regarding the type of surgical procedure performed, bilateral total mastectomy prevailed in 12 (52.17%) of the cases, followed by 7 (30.43%) of partial mastectomy and 4 (17.43%) of breast reconstruction, being the breast cancer was the main reason for performing the procedures in 21 (91.30%) cases. It is concluded that the therapeutic pillow provided by the extension project presented realistic benefits to patients undergoing mastectomy surgery and breast reconstruction, assisting in the postoperative recovery of patients, preventing complications resulting from the surgical procedure, in addition to strengthening care bonds between nursing staff and patients. http://ijaers.com/detail/the-use-of-therapeutic-cushion-in-the-post-operative-of-mastectomy/ Adriana Santos Medeiros, Sheila Carminati de Lima Soares http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/31IJAERS-10202046-Theuse.pdf Objective: Congenital heart diseases are responsible for an important number of deaths of children before the first year of life. Tetralogy of Fallot, as one of the potential and frequent congenital heart diseases, can often undergo correction, if it is readily recognized, and it is up to the teams closest to the NB to be attentive to symptoms. As a representative of this care, the nursing team stands out, with a high level of theoretical and technical capacity, as well as the potential for the formation of bonds with patients and families, facilitating the recognition of illness and work focused on their interventions. The present study aimed to work and know the pathophysiological process of tetralogy, as well as therapeutic processes and the nursing action in this regard. Methods: The methodology has as its nature the bibliographic review, enabling the finding of many materials and discussions on the subject. Results: The results present tetralogy as an important alteration, which can be observed through signs such as irritability, frequent crying, difficulty breathing when being breastfed, fingertips and cyanotic skin, also highlight that nurses can act so that the individual can present better responses to the disease and treatment and that these care begin even in prenatal care and extends until after birth. Conclusion: It is necessary to emphasize that tetralogy presents varying levels of commitment and this fact will directly determine the therapeutic process and approach to be adopted. http://ijaers.com/detail/nursing-assistance-to-children-with-fallot-tetralogy-the-blue-baby-syndrome/ Roberta Meneses Sousa, Aline de Sousa Rocha, Marcos Antonio Silva Batista, Rosane Cristina Mendes Gonçalves, Benedita Maryjose Gleyk Gomes http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/32IJAERS-10202034-Nursing.pdf Energy sources for electricity generation have been the focus of numerous researches, driven by the increase in environmental concerns, seeking to minimize the environmental impacts generated by fossil fuels. This paper presents renewable energies as experimental practices in teaching physics of Youth and Adult Education (YAE) modality at the Teacher Nelson Alves Ferreira State School, located in the city of Manaus/AM, showing the interdisciplinarity between the concepts applied to physics, the development of experimental practices involving renewable energies (solar, wind, hydroelectric and geothermal) and their application in the physics program content. It is observed that the teaching of physics at YAE is scarce, where the teacher finds the cause of the difficulties in the student's learning, in the education system that does not offer him the necessary conditions to prepare his classes, and the student, in turn, attributes unsatisfactory learning to the teacher, to the school, to the abstract content, to his disinterest with the discipline and sometimes to his professional work. Environmental education is increasingly becoming an instrument of social transformation for discussion in different areas and contexts, where interdisciplinarity is indispensable for the implementation of an intelligent process of curriculum construction in the classroom. The educator/student relationship is achieved by building knowledge, linking renewable energies to the teaching of physics. http://ijaers.com/detail/renewable-energies-as-experimental-practices-in-physics-teachingin-the-education-ofyouth-and-adults/ Robson Siqueira, Jerônimo Lameira http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/33IJAERS-10202033-Renewable.pdf Currently the automation through decision support systems, plays a key role within the production chain, from small to large companies, this study proposes a fuzzy inference model, in the support in decision making measures of the production management system of a given plastic packaging plant. Analyzing the distinctions in a forceful way of each step that end up influencing the process, and aiming to adapt to customer requests. Using as principle for the proposed system the adequacy of work shifts using the maximum production that the plant has. The MatLab software was used to treat the data, thus adjusting the variables, which were selected due to their degree of influence on the cycle because they are variables that determine the order of the product's manufacture, are they: delivery time, quantity required, manufacturing process and the quantity of shifts that will be needed to produce a particular product, observing with the use of this tool an improvement in shift management, which reduced unnecessary costs, and a good understanding in the production cycle in relation to the characteristics of orders. http://ijaers.com/detail/fuzzy-logic-applied-to-the-decision-support-measures-of-the-plastic-packaging-production-management-system/ Maycon Bentes dos Santos, Manoel Henrique Reis Nascimento, David Barbosa De Alencar, Jorge De Almeida Brito Junior http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/34IJAERS-09202063-Fuzzylogic.pdf Introduction: Hepatitis A and B are infectious diseases that represent an important public health problem in Brazil. Objective: to analyze the epidemiological profile and possible behavioral and environmental factors that may be related to the occurrence of viral hepatitis A and B in riverside communities located in the Amazon region. Methodology: cross-sectional epidemiological, with a quantitative approach, carried out in the riverside communities of the Paraense Amazon. Results and discussion: The results reveal that the prevalence of hepatitis A and B in this population group is higher than that existing for the entire Brazilian population, it was found that 88.89% of the reported cases were of Hepatitis A and 11.11% of hepatitis B. The majority (53.73%) of the interviewees, never performed the examination for early detection of hepatitis, and part of the 8.96% did not have the vaccines and 35% shared personal objects, such as nail pliers and razors, in addition we have that only about 50% of individuals use contraceptive methods and most use condoms. Final considerations: The riverside populations have satisfactory conditions of basic sanitation, food, a fact that interferes not so much in the quality of life of these individuals, but also leads to a greater susceptibility to the development of health problems. http://ijaers.com/detail/individual-and-social-vulnerabilities-to-the-occurrence-of-hepatitis-a-and-b-in-traditional-populations-of-the-paraense-amazon/ Lívia de Aguiar Valentim, Alessandro Santos Bonfim de Almeida, Cláudia Ribeiro de Souza, Deize Freitas Pontes, Brenda Pires Brandão, Natália Miranda Monteiro, Tatiane Costa Quaresma, Thiago Junio Costa Quaresma, Olinda do Carmo Luiz http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/35IJAERS-10202041-Individual.pdf Sewage Treatment Plants (STPs) are recognized as the solution to domestic and industrial wastewater treatment in developing countries. These are cheap, easy to construct and do not require high skilled labor. This paper describes the performance evaluation of the STP located at Jaypee University of Engineering & Technology (JUET) campus, Guna (MP), India. It includes testing of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygendemand (COD), total dissolved solids (TDS),total suspended solids (TSS) and pH. Samples are collected and analyzed over eight months at five different sampling points i.e., inlet, and effluents of aeration, equalization, pressure filter and outlet. The BOD, COD, TDS, and TSS average removal efficiency were observed to be 57%, 68%, 12% and 40.43% respectively. The treated effluent values were below the tolerance limitsspecified by Bureau of Indian Standards for sewage effluent discharged into surface water sources and public sewers. The results demonstrated that STP is working very efficiently and contributing to clean and healthy environment of the university campus. http://ijaers.com/detail/performance-evaluation-of-sewage-treatment-plant-at-juet-campus-guna-mp-india-a-case-study/ Revanuru Subramanyam http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/36IJAERS-10202039-Performance.pdf Immigration has become increasingly common around the world. When an expatriate leaves their country, they also leave their family, culture, language, home, etc., that makes them go through a grief process that can be categorized as simple, complicated, or extreme. If the person is going through an extreme grief process, they may develop Ulysses Syndrome. Some factors shape how somebody experiences the process such as social and emotional vulnerability and stressors, besides issues that affect the grief such as cultural protectors, worsening’s, and subjective. This project intended to verify and map the mourning process of expats who live in Curitiba and the metropolitan area of the city experience. Method: To collect data, a social demographic survey, a half-open interview, and an adapted version of the Ulysses scale were used. Those tools were applied to 24 immigrants, from different countries. Results and debate: The most common vulnerability and stressor levels during the research were simple. As an outcome 22 of the respondents were suffering from simples mourning, while 2 of the respondents had their grief classified as complicated and none of them were classified as extreme. Final considerations: Having those results in mind it was possible to conclude that most of the immigrants who are living in Curitiba and the metropolitan area of the city are being able to cope with their grieves and the ones that are struggling more are going through worsening factors. Although some of the surveyed expatriates are experiencing extreme stressors. http://ijaers.com/detail/the-immigrant-s-grief-process/ Giulia Abreu Setim, Cloves Antonio de Amissis Amorim http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/37IJAERS-10202026-TheImmigrant.pdf Environmental pollution, especially air pollution, is a serious problem that plagues the world population, due to the presence of solid and / or gaseous elements, which alter the characteristics of atmospheric air, causing diseases in humans. In this context, the objective of this work was to analyze the spatio-temporal distribution (1970 to 2020) of global scientific production regarding air pollution through a bibliometric analysis of data hosted on the Scopus and CAPES periodic platforms. To this end, a selection of the main publications about air pollution was carried out, in CAPES journals and Scopus, obtaining a profile of world production in the last 50 years (1970 to 2020), using bibliometric analysis. According to the data obtained, it was noticed that, of the 44 published articles, 31 were developed in Brazil, while 13 articles were developed in the rest of the world. It is also noted that, over the years, the number of published works increases, following the same trend of greater knowledge production in Brazil. Most of the published works were developed by authors affiliated with institutions in the Southeast, Northeast and South regions. In northeastern Brazil, only authors affiliated with Rio Grande do Norte, Pernambuco, Bahia and Ceara appear. These works were mainly indexed in the areas of medicine, environmental sciences and social sciences. Therefore, when analyzing scientific production, it was concluded that air pollution has a major negative impact on the health of the population, especially in large centers where there is a higher emission of pollutants, thus triggering respiratory diseases. http://ijaers.com/detail/air-pollution-bibliometric-analysis-and-space-temporal-distribution-of-specialized-scientific-production/ Antônio Manoel da Silva Filho, Idelvan José da Silva, Kyonelly Queila Duarte Brito, Thiago Galvão Sobrinho, Lucia Helena Garófalo Chaves http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/38IJAERS-10202048-AirPollution.pdf Indoor air quality is directly related to the health of individuals, and when air conditioning systems have poor sanitation and lack of adequate monitoring, they become sources of potentially pathogenic organisms. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate internal contamination in two different environments located in the city of João Pessoa, state of Paraíba, Brazil, which use different forms of air conditioning, analyzing fungal quantity and abundance. The analysis of the conventional air conditioning system and the air conditioning system that uses air renewal was performed using a bio-aerosol impactor to quantify the pathogens. Later, the fungi identification of the air samples was carried out by the slide microculture technique. The conventional air conditioning system, used in the health clinic, showed a greater amount of anemophilic fungi in some sectors compared to the sectors of the judicial public sector, which use the system with air renewal. The health clinic’s air samples indicated that nine of the eleven sectors analyzed had a fungal density above the acceptable limit according to the current national regulatory standard, and in judicial public sector, two of the five were above this limit. In both establishments Aspergillus niger was detected, i.e. 7% in the kitchen pantry of the judicial public sector, 2% in the operating room, and 1% in the kitchen pantry of the health clinic. The results presented in this study indicate the need for better hygiene measures for air conditioning units, as well as periodic monitoring of air quality in these environments. http://ijaers.com/detail/assessment-of-the-abundance-and-diversity-of-airborne-fungi-in-two-different-air-conditioning-systems-in-para-ba-brazil/ José Soares do Nascimento, Lisiane Martins Volcão, Klebson Cordeiro Costa, Marília Gabriela dos Santos Cavalcanti, Bruno Henrique Andrade Galvão http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/39IJAERS-10202030-Assessment.pdf This study aimed to evaluate the contribution of filters of CliniViewTM software on detection of vertical root fractures of multirooted teeth with intracanal metal retainers on periapical digital radiographs. For this, 22 human teeth were randomly divided into fractured group and control group, each one containing 11 teeth. The teeth were endodontically treated and after desobturation of ⅔ from the root, intracanal metallic posts were installed. The fractures were made only in the fractured group, and all teeth were x-rayed using an Express™ intraoral digital system and the images optimized in Cliniview™ software. The analysis of radiographs was made for 2 specialists with, at least, five years of experience in the area. The original images were evaluated, with application of filters Sharpen 1, grayscale inversion, emboss, vertical and vertical + horizontal, separately. After analysis, the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of original periapical radiography were calculated and with the use of filters, for each evaluator. The filter “sharpen 1” had the highest accuracy (0.652) and sensibility (0,543). On the other, the filter “grayscale inversion” had the highest specificity (0.955). The interobserver kappa index was 0,351, considering p http://ijaers.com/detail/accuracy-of-digital-radiography-in-the-detection-of-root-fractures-in-multirooted-teeth/ Fernanda Ferreira Nunes, Jeane Katiuscia Silva, Thayse Bernardes de Paiva Prado, Kaique Leite de Lima, Camila Ferro de Souza Roriz, Brunno Santos de Freitas Silva, Fernanda Paula Yamamoto Silva http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/40IJAERS-10202053-Accuracyof.pdf The growth of Agroecology courses at different levels is a reality in Brazil. This work presents a systematic mapping of the literature on the occurrence of Education in Agroecology at different levels of education in the country. For that it investigates the methodologies, the challenges, the contribuitions and where it has ocurred. 228 papers were identified and after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria defined in the study, 12 papers were analyzed. Among the results, it can be seen that the methodologies applied range from the implementation of technical, higher and postgraduate courses to extension projects involving the agroecologial theme. Such courses are present in all five Brazilian regions and one of the challenges is to change the concept in the field, from agribusiness to agroecological. http://ijaers.com/detail/looking-at-education-in-agroecology-in-different-levels-of-teaching-a-systematic-mapping/ Danielle Juliana Silva Martins, Fábio Cristiano Souza Oliveira, Maria do Socorro Tavares Cavalcante Vieira, Vivianni Marques Leite dos Santos, Helder Ribeiro Freitas, Helinando Pequeno de Oliveira http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/41IJAERS-10202050-Looking.pdf Addressing the problems of the real estate industry enhances and creates positive policy implications and societal contributions.This paper described the profile of the real estate human resources. It also described the problems encountered by the respondents. Further, policy implications and societal contributions of real estate industry were identified. Descriptive method was used in this paper. A total of 239 human real estate resources (163 males and 76 females) were surveyed using a questionnaire. In relation to the gathered and analyzed data, this research has concluded that, first, the top three most common problems encountered by the real estate industry were unlicensed real estate persons, commissions received, and unethical practices. In spite of the presence of RA 9646, individuals are not yet aware of its implementing rules and regulations. It projects the traditional selling and buying of properties which sometimes caused problems to stakeholders. Second, these problems encountered have policy implications on the real estate industry such as land conversion, areas prone to calamity and hazards, and hidden charges upon turnover. Policy implications from different situations were generated such as from different government agencies. And last, despite of these problems and policy implications, real estate industry has societal contributions such as it can be a source of employment for the people, provides shelter to the people for social protection and security, and it is one of the sources of the government’s income. Jobs generated, taxes collected and social housing shared by the real industry are the major contributions of the real estate industry. The researcher recommends that Information dissemination for the awareness of RA 9646 for the professionalism of the industry must be participated for the benefit of the stakeholders. Implementation and proper monitoring of this law through authorized group improve the professionalism in the industry. Vigilant buyers and seeking necessary information before investing hard earned money in real properties must be done by prospective buyers in order to prevent future problems. Income generated from assessors can be improved over the years through proper payments on real property tax. Following the proper land use must be practiced in order to get the highest and best use of the property. http://ijaers.com/detail/real-estate-industry-in-the-philippines-problems-policy-implications-and-societal-contributions/ Geena Baltazar Hipolito http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/42IJAERS-1120202-RealEstate.pdf Assessing the efficiency of similar undergraduate courses based on the analysis of reliable and complete information, allows opportunities for improving courses to be identified to support the institution’s management, which are assigned the decision-making role. In this way, this research aims to evaluate the efficiency of Engineering courses at a Brazilian university from the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). For this, the BCC model was used with orientation to the output. As inputs the variables Number of Entries (x¹) and Faculty Size (x²) were used, and as outputs the Number of Graduates (y¹) and the Course Concept (y²). Thus, 13 Engineering courses, such as Civil, Electrical, Chemical, Industrial, Environmental and Sanitary Engineering and Computer Engineering were evaluated. The inefficiency of 2 courses was found and aspects of improvement were indicated to be put into practice to achieve this efficiency. http://ijaers.com/detail/evaluation-of-the-efficiency-of-engineering-courses-in-a-brazilian-university-an-application-of-data-envelopment-analysis/ Christiane Lopes dos Santos, Rafael de Azevedo Palhares, Natália Veloso Caldas de Vasconcelos http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/43IJAERS-10202045-Evaluation.pdf The aim of this article is to discuss, through a bibliographic review, studies from several decades that lead us to understand the close and unquestionable interaction between language, speech, phonemes and the acquisition of formal reading and writing in the Brazilian educational universe. Inspired by theories and scholars like Bergson, Burke, Santos, Titiev, Tolra, Porter, Levinas, Kendon, we investigate the maintenance of educational models that disregard the assumptions of anthropology and linguistics as bases for formal education, molding educational subjects with their characteristics social and linguistic, currently obscured and employed through imposing policies and in school-related divisions and in communicative processes also centered on the school, situations that favor the reproduction of educational, linguistic and social inequalities(Hymes, 1996). A reflection that can be interpreted and studied a lot about the reasons why we are stuck in education. http://ijaers.com/detail/linguistics-and-anthropology-language-phonemas-and-writing/ Rosana Mendes Ribeiro, Pedro Francisco Molina, Simone Aparecida Capellini, Ângela Mathylde Soares, Rubens Wajnsztejn http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/44IJAERS-10202028-Linguistics.pdf Objective: to determine the prevalence of systemic arterial hypertension in health users residing in micro areas covered by a Family Health Strategy in the North of Brazil. Method: Analytical, retrospective and transversal study of quantitative nature. Result: The sample consisted of 241 medical records of patients of both sexes, 58.92% female and 41.08% male, so that the prevalence of SAH in the female population was significant. According to demographic and socioeconomic variables, the prevalence of SAH among men was significantly associated (p http://ijaers.com/detail/prevalence-of-systemic-arterial-hypertension-in-users-from-a-family-health-unit-in-northern-brazil/ Anne Kerollen Pinheiro de Carvalho, Maria da Conceição Nascimento Pinheiro, Dirce Nascimento Pinheiro, Hewelly Demétrio Itaparica Rodrigues, Widson Davi Vaz de Matos, Benedito do Carmo Gomes Cantão, Ana Larissa Bendelaqui Cardoso, Vanessa Albuquerque do Amaral Rodrigues, Juliana de Oliveira Bezerra, Soly Guedes de Oliveira, Fernanda Karolyne Cunha Souza, Fábia Matos Menezes, Nathália Menezes Dias, Maikon Douglas Santos Borges, Diego João de Lima Arrais, Enewton Eneas de Carvalho, Odaléa Larissa dos Santos Neves, Tassio Ricardo Martins da Costa http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/45IJAERS-10202031-Prevalence.pdf The purpose of this article is to confront the assumptions of the Theory of Creative Destruction, formulated by Joseph Alois Schumpeter in the book Socialism, Capitalism and Democracy, in 1942, with the current stage of entrepreneurial entrepreneurship and development in postmodern society, where globalization of the economy and neoliberalism guide the market and the entire world production system. The basis of the analysis was the book mentioned, however, other theorists who discuss the subject were consulted and served as a subsidy for the conclusion reached about the current theory of the object of the study. The concept of development elaborated by the author does not find support in the formulations of contemporary theorists, for whom planning is a primary step in conducting a company in search of profit. http://ijaers.com/detail/theory-of-creative-destruction-and-economic-development-a-discussion-from-the-perspective-of-entrepreneurship-and-sustainable-development/ Lucia Marisy Souza Ribeiro de Oliveira, Luciana Souza de Oliveira, Monica Aparecida Tomé Pereira, Francisco Ricardo Duarte, Alan Francisco Carvalho Pereira, Daniel Muniz Rocha do Nascimento, Alexandre Gavira Marques, Henrique Pereira de Aquino http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/46IJAERS-10202049-Theoryof.pdf