http://ijaers.com/ Open Access international Journal to publish research paper en-us July Objective: To analyze the behavior of the spatial dispersion of deforestation and the number of malaria cases, in addition to providing integration of deforestation risk with epidemiological risk of malaria in Gleba União Bandeirantes, current União Bandeirantes District, in Porto Velho, Rondônia, Western Amazon, for a period of 3 years. Method: Two fundamental tools of statistical indicators were used: the semivariogram and the kriging. The semivariogram method is the mathematical modeling that allows studying the natural dispersion of the variable, and the Kriging method, used to analyze the spatial variability of the existing indicators in the area. Results: The indicative method of kriging showed that the occurrence of malaria cases is related to the growth of deforestation. With the advance of deforestation towards the north of the studied area, cases of malaria increased in the same direction. There was an increase in malaria cases east of the population concentration, converging with the area of advance of deforestation. Conclusion: The methods used are efficient to correlate and monitor deforestation and the social production of malaria. Public managers must develop means to implement a deforestation control strategy integrated with the malaria endemic in the União Bandeirantes District area. http://ijaers.com/detail/geostatistics-applied-to-the-study-of-deforestation-and-malaria-in-rural-areas-of-western-amazon/ Carlos Alberto Paraguassú-Chaves, Carla Dolezel Trindade, Simão Aznar Filho, Fabrício Moraes de Almeida, Simão Dolezel Aznar, Carlos Alberto Dolezel Trindade, Levi Pereira Granja de Souza, Ricardo Guanabara, Lenita Rodrigues Moreira Dantas http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/1IJAERS-06202169-Geostatistics.pdf The use of water resources is highly employed in the civil construction industry, and good management of this resource enables a more favorable environmental impact to the environment. This article is a case study on water consumption in 10 works in the municipality of Boa Vista-RR, Brazil. Thus, the Water Footprint (WF) calculations were applied in order to estimate the total demands of water consumed and the portions of these that will be lost in your works. The methodology had a descriptive, bibliographical and case approach. Of the calculations performed, work 2.1 had the lowest water volume value consumed per m² built and construction 4.3, the highest value, represented in m³/m². At the end, it was concluded that the results obtained were satisfactory, encouraging companies and construction companies with the possible implementation of these calculations in their works, with the purpose to gain greater control over water management. http://ijaers.com/detail/water-consumption-in-10-residential-civil-works-in-the-city-of-boa-vista-brazil-a-case-study-applying-the-calculation-of-water-footprint-as-an-estimation-method/ Nasser Mohamad Rezek Halik, Emerson Lopes de Amorim, Francilene Cardoso Alves Fortes, Igor Pereira Aguiar, Lucas Matos de Souza http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/2IJAERS-06202166-Waterconsumption.pdf Fractal geometry is a secret language nature follows to grow, to face unknown challenges, and to bloom and blossom with optimal energy. The fractal property of self-similarity, fractional dimensionality, optimality, and innovative fractal patterns, attracted the author(s) to pose the question, what could be the direct relation between fractal geometry and the structures? To inquire about the relation between the two, the work of Benoit Mandelbrot is referred to develop the understanding of fractal geometry and its relationship with nature. Simultaneously, research review is framed by referencing published articles, which explicitly discusses the fractal geometry and their application in structural forms. In addition to the above, a brief study about contemporary works and computational tools are discussed, which has enhanced the productivity, efficiency, and optimality of structures, architects, and engineers. This interdisciplinary research presents a brief overview of fractal geometry and some of its applications in structural forms. Concluding as The mathematics is a key language between nature and engineering. Fractal geometry gives us an optimal solution to the problem with aesthetics and architectural valued structures. Computational tools like machine learning, digital robotic fabrication, high-end modelling software’s and coding, help to imitate, imagine and fabricate nature-inspired structures in an ontological, optimal, and sustainable way. http://ijaers.com/detail/a-review-of-the-fractal-geometry-in-structural-elements/ Aman Upadhayay, Dr. Savita Maru http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/3IJAERS-06202164-Areview.pdf Objective: to report the experience of nursing students related to educational practice through cinema and its interfaces in approaches related to respect for diversity and sexual orientation. Method: experience report that aims to describe aspects experienced in the opportunity of an educational action that was developed by students from the seventh period of the Bachelor's Degree in Nursing, in a private Higher Education Institution in Belém, Pará, Brazil, from September to October 2019. Results: 19 students from the first year of the undergraduate nursing course participated. The experience provided the realization of the importance of actions in Health Education, which must be performed in different scenarios of society. It was evident that a Health Education activity, based on the real needs of the target population, has the potential to cause significant changes in lifestyle habits, promoting health. Conclusion: the intervention proved to be a powerful educational tool to contribute to paradigm shifts in health education. The experience and the thematic approach provided deep reflections on the importance of Health Education and the systematic planning of educational activities that meet the real needs of the population, which was facilitated in this experience by the choice of the methodological strategy. http://ijaers.com/detail/cinema-and-interfaces-in-approaches-related-to-respect-for-diversity-and-sexual-orientation-experience-report/ Elisângela Claudia de Medeiros Moreira, Bruno Mesquita Maia, Josielma Neco Pina, Naiade Moreira de Oliveira, Maria Suzana Souza Castro, Glauber Marcelo Dantas Seixas, Thalia Otta Ferreira Milanni, Elyade Nelly Pires Rocha Camacho, Julyany Rocha Barrozo de Souza, Ticianne Alcântara de Oliveira Fernandes, Danielle Oliveira Maciel, Marcio Almeida Lins, Elen Priscila Garcia Assunção de Castro, Francinéa de Nazaré Ferreira de Castilho, Elias Costa Monteiro, Tobias do Rosário Serrão, Araceli Calliari Bentes, Adrielle Santana Marques Bahiano, Enderson Vasconcelos de Lima, Emilly Gabriele Ribeiro Dias, Milena Oliveira Saldanha Pacífico, Dailma da Silva Medeiros, Marycleide Cabral dos Santos Moraes, Laydiane Martins Pinto, Maria Fernanda Silveira Scarcella, Djenanne Simonsen Augusto de Carvalho Caetano, Giovane José de Magalhães Duarte, Wanda Carla Conde Rodrigues, Lauany Silva de Medeiros, Raimunda de Fátima Carvalho Prestes, Emanoel Rodrigo Melo dos Santos, Wendrel Gonçalves Furtado, Bruna Carolina da Trindade Monteiro da Silva, Rafael Pilad Barata Mussio, Raquel Fernandes Costa, Maicon de Araujo Nogueira http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/4IJAERS-06202165-Cinema.pdf This article is a reflection on sustainable development, from a rural and local perspective. The text is presented as a counterpoint to the logic of globalization, according to which it is possible under the hegemony of capitalism to successfully undertake sustainable development on a world scale. However, the complexity of the theme and the enormous difficulties for the implementation of the decisions of the world forums made since the pioneer Eco-92 until the most recent Agenda 2030 were evidenced. On the other hand, the article seeks to highlight aspects in which the emergence of Agroecology can contribute to the establishment of sustainable rural development strategies, emphasizing some elements that can serve as guidelines for this new praxis. Furthermore, a reflection is developed on the importance of local or endogenous development, highlighting the importance of local knowledge, as a basic strategy for agroecological transition processes. Finally, it is reaffirmed that the path to be followed to achieve sustainability goals is complex, but it is a path of political struggle that should never be abandoned. http://ijaers.com/detail/sustainable-rural-development-the-contradictions-and-possibilities-of-agroecology-and-solidarity-economy-contributions/ Samuel Cronemberger Caffé, Judenilton O. dos Santos Souza, Samuel Horácio de Oliveira, Vanderlei Souza Carvalho http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/5IJAERS-07202118-Sustainable.pdf This research is a dissertation carried out in the Master's Program in Science, Technology and Education of the Vale do Cricaré Faculty in São Mateus in Espírito Santo, which investigated, through a bibliographic review and interview (focus group), the that Neuroscience can bring to the teachers, uniting science and education, to achieve meaningful learning in Early Childhood Education. This work aimed to highlight neuroscience applied to learning and its contributions to the teacher's work to generate meaningful learning in Early Childhood Education, due to the knowledge of the functioning neurological of cognition that neuroscience brings to the professional. Neuroscience is increasingly emphasizing the importance of neurological knowledge in the fields of education. The justification for this dissertation lies in the search for a deeper understanding of the issues that address neuroscience as a basis to assist the teacher (pedagogue) in teaching meaningful learning, which begins in Early Childhood Education. This research focused on the problem: "How do Neurosciences contribute to the achievement of meaningful learning in early childhood education?", Seeking reflections on such questioning. Thus, the questions proposed in this instrument enabled a discussion about the study that had its main objective the contribution of Neuroscience to the achievement of meaningful learning in Early Childhood Education. After a focus group interview, it was possible to verify the interest and knowledge of teachers in the Early Childhood Education segment on Neurosciences and meaningful learning. http://ijaers.com/detail/neurosciences-and-education-an-understanding-of-meaningful-learning-in-early-childhood-education/ Priscilla de Albuquerque Rodrigues Casagrande, Luana Frigulha Guisso http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/6IJAERS-0720212-Neurosciences.pdf Background: Eating disorders, obesity, and body image has a relationship with health outcomes along the life, however the prescription of physical exercise as tool against eating disorders need to be further explored. Objective: To investigate the relationship between eating disorders, obesity, and body image distortion and discuss non-pharmacological interventions based on physical exercise and their clinical implications. Methods: The search conducted in Medline and Scopus databases, in English and Portuguese of the last 10 years involving studies with human approaches, integrative and systematic reviews with free full text resulted in 2049 manuscripts, after the application of all exclusion criteria 1992 articles were excluded, and 57 articles were used in this review. Results: The results suggest that binge eating anorexia and bulimia are the most common disorders with increasing worldwide prevalence. Additionally, it was verified that physical exercise can be considered a non-drug intervention as an adjunct measure in this respecting necessary care. Therefore, although not all people have the whistles to receive exercise as an intervention the prescription of physical exercise, when done by a multidisciplinary team, with slow progression and strictly monitored can be a valuable to the treatment of eating disorders. Conclusions: The physical exercise is a valuable tool against several eat disorders, improve the body image, fight against the obesity due their power of decrease the eat binge. Nonetheless, the increasement of caloric expenditure during and after the session leading to a fat loss and could be a central non-pharmacological invention in this scenario. http://ijaers.com/detail/eating-disorders-body-image-obesity-and-non-pharmacological-inventions-with-emphasis-on-physical-exercise-an-integrative-review-and-clinical-implications/ Talita Adão Perini de Oliveira, Glauber Lameira de Oliveira, Rosely Valéria Rodrigues, Joy Braga Cavalcante, Kennedy Maia dos Santos, Ana Paula Azevedo Albuquerque, Paula Paraguassú Brandão, Maria de Nazaré Dias Bello, Andrea Carmen Guimarães, Brisa D’louar Costa Maia, Eder Benício Ramos Lima, Renato Ramos Coelho, César Augusto de Souza Santos, Jani Cleria Pereira Bezerra, João Alves de Moraes Filho, Estevão Scudese, Leila Castro Gonçalves, Fábio Batista Miranda, Fabio Nascimento da Silva, Renata Alves de Andrade Moreira, Angela Maria Moed Lopes, Marcelo Hübner Moreira, Lúcio Marques Vieira Souza, Ronaldo Lins Meira, Fernando Sergio Silva Barbosa, Carlos Soares Pernambuco, Romeu Paulo Martins Silva, Carolina Freitas da Silva, Fabrizio Di Mazi, Monica da Silva Cagni, Rayferson Ytallu Mederios Viana, Milena Farah Damous Castanho Ferreira, Adriane Soares Modesto, Dora Flora de Carvalho Ribeiro, Edinilson Castro Ribeiro, Anieni Lima Ribeiro, Jaco Navegnates da Silva, Elzeliz Nascimento Souza, Raquel Rocha Paiva Maia, Judson Ferreira de Oliveira, Ane Kelly Severino Salvino, Michael Douglas Celestino Bispo, Aristeia Nunes Sampaio, and João Rafael Valentim-Silva http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/7IJAERS-06202132-Eating.pdf The reduction in the emission of gases that cause the greenhouse effect and the promotion of sustainable development brought an investment opportunity, since companies, currently, must have commitments and targets for reducing the emission of gases according to international agreements. Based on this principle, a large market niche for Brazilian agribusiness is found here, since developed countries have large productive chains, through their industries, which are pillars of the market and world economic development, the need arises to combine productivity, gain and environmental responsibility, which often fail to maintain a perfect balance. The objective of the work is to disseminate the certification for the emission of carbon credits, through reforestation and preservation of APP's areas as a new way to increase profits in the Brazilian agribusiness rural sector. The proposed methodology was based on a theoretical and documentary review, to deepen the idea and provide a better understanding of the subject. Dissertations and theses were read to understand how carbon credit certification works. At the end of the study, the economic viability of investments in reforestation was verified, together with the areas of APP's to expand the income of the rural producer. http://ijaers.com/detail/reforestation-allied-to-app-s-areas-and-certification-to-maximize-profits-in-rural-properties/ Dr. Moisés da Silva Martins, Aluísio Moscatelli Mauricio, Me. Sidney Favarini, Dr. Odney Francisco Gargantini http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/8IJAERS-06202168-Reforestation.pdf In the last decade, Brazil has expanded the pesticide market by 190%, becoming to be the first place in the world ranking of consumption since 2008. This way, the negative impacts for the environment and human health, because of the exposure to chemical inputs, are diverse. Among the disorders caused, depression stands out, due to the exposure of field workers to pesticides. As a possibility to an alternative treatment there is the use of plants to control depression. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the profile of publications in the last five years about plants that can be used in the alternative treatment of depression. This is a bibliographic search, in the integrative review modality. Thus, nine papers were selected from scientific studies with medicinal plants used to control depression. Among the mentioned plants that were used in the antidepressant treatment there is the Hypericum perforatum, Crocus sativus, Valeriana officinalis, Lavandula officinalis e Rosmarinus officinalis. Given to the exposure of farmers and the surrounding populations to agrochemicals and also to the repercussion, such as depression, the alternative use of medicinal plants in the treatment of this disease, it is shown as an important alternative. Therefore, this review brought the knowledge of a diversity of plants with mediated antidepressant activity. http://ijaers.com/detail/the-alternative-use-of-medicinal-plants-in-the-treatment-of-depression-caused-by-pesticide-a-literature-review/ Stefania Evangelista dos Santos Barros, Xirley Pereira Nunes, Márcia Bento Moreira, Lúcia Marisy Souza Ribeiro de Oliveira http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/9IJAERS-06202171-Thealternative.pdf The design of the smoking device made in this study is 120 cm long, 60 cm in diameter, the material used is iron plate (Fe) with a thickness of 2 mm, the smoking rack is made of stainless steel stirrups with a size of 8 mm with a capacity of 15 kg of fish that can be accommodated smoked and the fumigation device is portable. LxPxT (40x40X50) cm fuel furnace equipped with a 2” (inch) exhaust fan to push hot steam from the combustion furnace into the smoking chamber, 45 cm high cyclone, 11 cm diameter, liquid smoke distillation pipe using 1 inch Stainless steel. Roller module as a rack player automatically every 30 minutes, 2 minutes of rotation is connected to an electric motor HP (1400 RPM) 300 watts, 220 Volts, Gear-Box as a rotation reducer with a rotation ratio of 1:50 rpm. In testing the instrument, the parameters observed were the temperature of the smoking furnace, the temperature of the cyclone separator, the temperature of the smoking room, and the smoking time. The heat used to raise the temperature is 2.898 kj/kg, the heat used to evaporate the product water (fish), is 33.8904 kj/kg, the heat used to raise the product temperature (fish) is 21.942 kj/kg °C, the total energy consumed is used by the product is 58,704 kj/kg. http://ijaers.com/detail/design-of-a-rotary-system-for-fish-smoking-equipment-to-improve-smoking-efficiency-with-smoke-filtration-method-using-cyclone-separator-in-sorong-west-papua/ Nurmansah, Maimun, Dahmir Dahlan http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/10IJAERS-0720216-Design.pdf The main objective of this article was to verify, over a historical period of three years (2016/ 2018), whether the states that make up the legal Amazon have fulfilled what is established by the Fiscal Responsibility Law n°. 101/2000, as spending limits for the executive branch in terms of personnel. Ruled by art. 22 of that law, the spending limits are three: alert limit: 44.1%; prudential limit: 46.55%; and the upper limit: 49% of net revenue. It was a multiple case study with a qualitative and quantitative approach with documentary research such as: Books, articles, journals, theses, dissertations, laws, allowing a wide search for information. For data compilation, the tabulation was performed in Excel. It was noticed during the analyzes that the states of Acre, Pará, Amazonas, Roraima, Mato Grosso, Tocantins and Maranhão, exceeded the prudential limit of 46.55%. Of these seven, the states of Acre, Tocantins and Mato Grosso exceeded the upper limit of 49%. Thus, the states of Amapá and Rondônia were the only ones that remained within the limits established by law during the research period. http://ijaers.com/detail/case-study-of-personnel-expenditures-in-the-states-of-the-legal-amazon-in-brazil/ José Arilson de Souza, Elder Gomes Ramos, Alexandre de Freitas Carneiro, Leonardo Severo da Luz Neto, Carlos Alberto Paraguassú-Chaves, Ariadne dos Santos Massaro, Phelype Augusto Marques Gomes http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/11IJAERS-0620219-CaseStudy.pdf Malaria is one of the main public-health issues in the state of Amazonas. The aim of this study was to carry out an epidemiologic analysis of malaria cases in the municipality of São Gabriel da Cachoeira, Amazonas, from 2014 to 2018. The study is a descriptive, ecological study with secondary data collected in the Malaria Epidemiologic Surveillance Information System. The variables of interest were autochthonous cases of malaria; annual parasite incidence (API); sex; age; race & skin color; years of schooling; and Plasmodium species. The results for the number of positive malaria cases per year were: 4,533 cases (2014); 5,071 cases (2015); 10,415 cases (2016); 12,274 cases (2017); and 15,371 cases (2018). The API for malaria varied from 115.9 to 393.2 cases. In 2014, 2015 and 2016, Plasmodium vivax was associated with 99% of positive cases, in 2017 with 92% and in 2018 with 63%. The results of this study show that there is a need to intensify epidemiologic surveillance measures in order to raise awareness of and prevent malaria. Preventive measures should be implemented constantly and intensified so that the population can be protected from malaria even in areas of the municipality where the disease is not endemic. http://ijaers.com/detail/epidemiologic-analysis-of-malaria-cases-notified-in-the-municipality-of-s-o-gabriel-da-cachoeira-amazonas-brazil/ Mirely Ferreira dos Santos, Cleidiana Manoel Alves http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/12IJAERS-0720214-Epidemiologic.pdf The quality of a seed lot is an essential factor in the planning and implementation of any agricultural production program. Quality seeds provide strong and uniform plant growth. This study aims to analyze the physiological quality of seeds from different groups of Arabica coffee cultivars recommended for planting in the Brazilian highland regions. The seeds were picked from an Arabica coffee seed production field, accredited by the Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, and Supply, located in the municipality of Marechal Floriano, state of Espírito Santo (ES), Brazil. The experimental design was completely randomized, with four replications of 50 seeds each. The treatments were composed by traditional cultivars and new Arabica coffee recommendations from Catuaí (Catuaí IAC-62, Catuaí IAC-81), Caturra (Caturra IAC-479), Catucaí (Catucaí-785/15, Catucaí-2SL/CAK, Catucaí-24/137, Japi), Mundo Novo (Mundo Novo IAC-379/19), and Sarchimor (Acauã, Arara) groups. The seeds were manually harvested in sieves, at the point of physiological maturation, processed, and dried until reaching a humidity of 35% ± 1%. Immediately following this, the seeds were taken to the Seed Analysis Laboratory, Department of Agronomy, Center for Agricultural Sciences and Engineering, Federal University of Espírito Santo (CCAE-UFES), Alegre-ES, Brazil. The parameters analyzed were germination (%), germination speed index (GSI), length of shoot and root, and the fresh and dry mass weight of the seedlings. The rust-resistant cultivars of the Catucaí group, particularly Catucaí-785/15 and Catucaí-24/137, showed higher values of germination and seed vigor, which suggested a higher physiological quality of the seeds. These cultivars should have lower seedling disposal in the nursery, and a higher yield in the final seedling production. Cultivar Caturra IAC-479 showed the lowest performance. http://ijaers.com/detail/physiological-quality-of-seeds-from-traditional-and-new-recommended-groups-of-arabic-coffee-cultivars-to-highland-regions/ Fabiano Tristão Alixandre, José Carlos Lopes, Adésio Ferreira, Rodrigo Sobreira Alexandre, Paula Aparecida Muniz de Lima, Rogério Carvalho Guarçoni, Cesar Abel Kroling, Rodrigo da Silva Dias, Luiz Fernando Favaratto, Ricardo Dias Alixandre, Maurício José Fornazier http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/13IJAERS-06202167-Physiological.pdf In clinical practice and research studies, there is almost a consensus that photobiomodulation therapy with low level laser causes analgesic effect. In this way, the laser can clinically contribute to postoperative pain management after the start of orthodontic treatment. Case Report: the following case reports demonstrate the application of photodynamic therapy in 2 cases immediately after the installation of the orthodontic appliance. The aim of low-level laser treatment would be to reduce possible postoperative pain. The diode laser was employed to irradiate maxillary teeth, immediately after installing an orthodontic appliance for traction. The painful sensitivity decurrent from this procedure was evaluated by a visual scale (Visual Analogue Scale – VAS) 4, 24, 72h and one week after the laser application. The diode laser with light emission at 808 nm wavelength was employed in 12 teeth, 4 points per tooth (2 bucally and 2 lingually, 20 seconds per point), resulting in the total energy was 8 J per tooth. The irradiation protocol were performed by only one operator, per points, employing light beam focused perpendicularly and in contact with the mucosa, which was kept clean and dry, through relative isolation. It appears that there are still few studies which investigated the effects of low level laser for suppressing pain in orthodontics, and the protocols for laser application are still very variable. The evaluated patients showed a low incidence of pain shortly after 24 hours after the installation of the orthodontic appliance. Based on the cases reports, it was observed that laser diode irradiation 808 nm wave- length, energy density 8 J per tooth, was enough to decrease pain, due to installation of the orthodontic appliance. Thus, additional studies are necessary in order to check the best application protocol. http://ijaers.com/detail/effect-of-photobiomodulation-with-low-level-laser-therapy-in-prevention-orthodontic-pain-case-reports/ Carlos Eduardo Fontana, Letícia Maria Ramos Zanchetta, Letícia Fernandes Sobreira Parreira, Giovanna Rosa Degasperi, Karina Teixeira Villalpando, Sérgio Luiz Pinheiro http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/14IJAERS-0720217-Effectof.pdf This research consists in understanding how the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) facilitates and stimulates the teaching-learning process of the subject of History in 3rd grade high school classes in two schools in the city of São Mateus/ ES, Colégio InPacto of the private education network and EEEFM Santo Antônio of the state public education network. This is a case study, qualitative in nature, carried out through questionnaires with open questions in order to understand the functionality of the use of technologies by students and teachers in History classes. In this context, we aim to verify the applicability of the Pedagogical Political Project of the schools surveyed regarding the use of ICT; report the teachers' understanding of the teaching and learning process and observe how students dialogue with the use of ICT during history classes. The analysis of the questionnaires showed that teachers and students use ICT frequently in the teaching-learning process, but teachers, in their pedagogical practices, use ICT only as an aid tool. We detected that students and teachers access internet networks through cell phones, and we also found that the Wi-Fi signal reception failures in schools were restrictions on the development of the proposed activities. Despite the obstacles, teachers and students are in agreement that ICT positively help the pedagogical work. The analysis of the questionnaires showed that teachers and students use ICT frequently in the teaching-learning process, but teachers, in their pedagogical practices, use ICT only as an aid tool. We detected that students and teachers access internet networks through cell phones, and we also found that the Wi-Fi signal reception failures in schools were restrictions on the development of the proposed activities. Despite the obstacles, teachers and students are in agreement that ICT help the pedagogical work in a positive way. The analysis of the questionnaires showed that teachers and students use ICT frequently in the teaching-learning process, but teachers, in their pedagogical practices, use ICT only as an aid tool. We detected that students and teachers access internet networks through cell phones, and we also found that Wi-Fi signal reception failures in schools were restrictions on the development of the proposed activities. Despite the obstacles, teachers and students are in agreement that ICT help the pedagogical work in a positive way. We detected that students and teachers access internet networks through cell phones, and we also found that the Wi-Fi signal reception failures in schools were restrictions on the development of the proposed activities. Despite the obstacles, teachers and students are in agreement that ICT positively help the pedagogical work. We detected that students and teachers access internet networks through cell phones, and we also found that the Wi-Fi signal reception failures in schools were restrictions on the development of the proposed activities. Despite the obstacles, teachers and students are in agreement that ICT help the pedagogical work in a positive way. http://ijaers.com/detail/ict-and-the-teaching-learning-process-in-history-in-high-school-s-o-mateus-es/ Jania Aranda Correa Raimondi, Daniel Rodrigues silva http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/15IJAERS-07202124-ICTand.pdf The present work is the result of a research referring to “Mental Health Analysis of Professionals working in the Front Line to Combat COVID-19 in an Emergency Care Unit of Marataízes - ES”, because we experiencing a great pandemic With the new Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), whose disease is called COVID-19, which is highly contagious, being considered one of the great health challenges on the global scale. ItIt was carried out in an emergency care unit in the city of Marataízes-ES" with the objective of measuring the impact of COVID-19 on the mental health of Emergency Health Care Professionals (UPA) in the municipality of Marataízes - ES. The subjects of the research were 45 (forty-five) employees. It was a qualitative research, through bibliographic studies with field research. The results revealed that it is necessary that the health of these professionals needs attention, and should be associated with their physical, mental, emotional and social well-being. The Final Product elaborated was a booklet aimed at promoting the quality of life and mental health of health professionals in order to contribute to awareness and awareness to face the challenges, in view of the scenario of the pandemic of COVID -19. http://ijaers.com/detail/analysis-of-the-mental-health-of-professionals-who-work-on-the-front-line-of-combat-by-covid-19-in-an-early-care-unit-in-the-city-of-marataizes-es/ Alessandra Ribeiro de Oliveira, Daniel Rodrigues Silva http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/16IJAERS-0720213-Analysisof.pdf Estimates indicate that about 30% of the planet's surface suffers from seasonal fires. In Brazil, in the first half of 2020 these numbers already reached 62.402 km2equivalent to 0.7% of the national territory. Due to the high temperatures that fire can reach on agricultural land, this practice can have negative consequences for the physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil. In this study four soil classes were obtained (Red Yellow Argisol, Haplic Vertisol, Red Yellow Latosol and Haplic Cambissol) predominant in the Western region of Bahia.Four samples were removed by point and then were taken to carry out analyzes at the Soil Physics Laboratory of the University of the State of Bahia. After preparing the sample, the aggregates were placed in a petri dish and then were subjected to firing in a muffle oven at temperatures of100, 200, 300, 400, and 500ºC, After cooling for 24 hours inside the muffle, they were placed in the appliance Yoder to carry out analyzes related to soil aggregation. The results showed that soils with a higher percentage of organic matter obtained the best aggregation results, as already presented by several authors. Regarding the temperature variation, when subjected to combustion at 200ºC, the soil presented a decrease in aggregation compared to the ambient temperature. However, lower averages were observed in those submitted to 300ºC with the exception of the MiAg variable. The increase in soil temperature changed the distribution of aggregates mainly in classes with a diameter smaller than the class of 1 http://ijaers.com/detail/aggregates-and-organic-matter-stability-in-soils-submitted-to-different-temperatures-in-west-bahia-brazil/ Klever de Souza Calixto, Joaquim Pedro Soares Neto, Joyce das Neves Cruz, Marcio Fernando Barbosa Lauro, Heliab Bomfim Nunes http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/17IJAERS-0720215-Aggregates.pdf Due to the current environmental crisis and the improper disposal of construction and demolition waste (CDW), the incorporation of these as aggregates in the manufacture of concrete is presented as one of the main alternatives for the proper disposal and consequent recycling of it. Such use requires technical knowledge regarding possible changes in the properties of the final product. Thus, this study aims to compare some of the main properties of conventional concrete with the executed one through the incorporation of recycled fine aggregates (RFA).The aggregate was collected in the recycling factory at FUTURE, a company located in Cascavel, Paraná – Brazil. Four mix ratios were elaborated, distinct by the replacement percentages of the conventional fine aggregate to the recycled one (0, 20, 40 e 60%), where the workability, the water absorption of the concrete, the axial compressive and tensile strength were evaluated. Thus, the increase of the workability and the absorption were verified with the highest degree of replacement as well as the reduction of the axial compressive and tensile strengths. http://ijaers.com/detail/analysis-of-the-impact-on-axial-compression-and-diametric-tensile-strength-of-concrete-using-recycled-fine-aggregate/ Eduardo Dalla Costa Silva, Dykenlove Marcelin, Douglas Guedes Batista Torres, Thiago Guerra http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/18IJAERS-06202151-Analysisof.pdf By 2050 about 80% of the world's population will live in cities. This is a scenario that worries planners and managers in the search for solutions capable of improving cities and citizens' quality of life. Smart cities have the potential to achieve ideal conditions for housing, health, education, environment, economy, service infrastructure and information with quality of life. This study aims to identify the conceptual relationship between smart cities and citizens' quality of life. The study analyzed 16 scientific journals relevant to the research objective. Twelve key concepts were found that demonstrate the way to relate a smart city and citizens' quality of life. This research is a literature review where three stages were adopted to describe the direction that the research directed. http://ijaers.com/detail/citizens-quality-of-life-and-the-conceptual-relationship-with-smart-cities-a-literature-review/ Anderson Saccol Ferreira http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/19IJAERS-07202112-Citizens.pdf This article reveals the teaching practice in health education in a Nursing Undergraduate course guided by the guidelines of the integrated curriculum in a Higher Education Institution (HEI) in the Amazon region, Pará, Brazil. This institution has specific singularities in the region, and teachers need to change their didactic and pedagogical practices. . The objective was to analyze whether the continuing education of teachers at the researched HEI meets the operational guidelines for the practice of the proposed curriculum. We opted for a qualitative, descriptive, exploratory methodology with triangulation of collection methods and a case study approach. Data collection took place in two stages: via documentary Curriculum Lattes of participants and oral semi-structured interview. For analysis, the techniques of simple descriptive statistics and categorical content were used, supported by the theoretical references of Freire, Perrenoud and Berbel. Among the results, it was pointed out that the institution does not have a permanent education program to support the implementation of the integrated curriculum, among the main factors, the low proximity between the initial training of the teaching staff and the redefinition of the practice stand out didactic and pedagogical for institutional curricular demands. It is concluded that there were advances in relation to practical changes, for strategies that mobilize the student to elaborate a reflection. However, they point to the institutionalization of permanent education for teacher training with an emphasis on interdisciplinary practice, active methodologies and Integrated Health Activities. http://ijaers.com/detail/teaching-practice-through-the-integrated-curriculum-permanent-education-in-the-amazon-para-brazil/ Renata Campos de Sousa Borges, Ilma Ferreira Pastana, Milena Coelho Fernandes Caldato, Daniele Lima dos Anjos Reis, Lauany Silva de Medeiros, Higson Rodrigues Coelho, Jose Ronaldo Teixeira de Sousa Junior, Ismaelino Mauro Nunes Magno, Genislaine Ferreira Pereira http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/20IJAERS-07202115-Teaching.pdf Tibial spine fracture are uncommon injuries in the pediatric population however they are rare in the adults. The treatment of the tibial spine fracture can be open or arthroscopic fixation for displaced fragments or casting. Treatment depends on the displacement degree. The paper presents the clinical history, surgical technique, pre-and postoperative images of a 37 years old female with tibial eminence avulsion fracture. The CT and MRI results show that the patient has a separation of the tibial attachment, which an arthroscopic surgical fixation performed on the patient using Hewson suture passer technique http://ijaers.com/detail/a-rare-presentation-of-tibial-eminence-avulsion-fracture-in-adult/ Dr. Mohamed Sayed Ahmed Yousef http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/21IJAERS-07202116-Ararepresentation.pdf Parkinson's disease is a pathology that affects the central nervous system (CNS) progressively causing its degeneration. This results in a decrease in the dopamine hormone, which is the neurotransmitter responsible for normal brain activity, its decrease directly linked to the appearance of the pathology. Therefore, it affects the quality of life, which is represented by the degree of satisfaction found in family, loving, social and environmental life. As a treatment, physiotherapy plays a fundamental role in improving the quality of life in order to relieve symptoms and disease progression. The aim of the study was to analyze the quality of life and the health profile of the individual with Parkinson's disease. The research is descriptive, with a cross-sectional design and a quantitative and qualitative approach. The sample consisted of 11 individuals with Parkinson's. Data collection was carried out through a mixed online questionnaire, developed through Google Docs®, containing information and general characteristics of the participants, a questionnaire on the health profile of Nottingham (PSN) and finally a questionnaire that evaluated the quality of individuals with Parkinson's (PDQ-39). The PSN questionnaire brought an average of 13.7 points indicating a worse perception of health and the PDQ-39 presented 45.8% in the average of the final score. With this study, it was possible to note that the quality of life of the participants is greatly affected due to the symptoms, degree and progression of the disease. http://ijaers.com/detail/quality-of-life-and-health-profile-in-individuals-with-parkinson-s/ Cristianne Confessor Castilho Lopes, Thaine Andressa Ruschel, Daniela dos Santos, Marilda Morais da Costa, Paulo Sergio Silva, Tulio Gamio Dias, Eduardo Barbosa Lopes, Lucas Castilho Lopes, Laisa Zanatta, Joyce Kelly Busoli Jardim, Caroline Lehnen, Vanessa da Silva Barros, Liamara Basso Dala Costa, Heliude de Quadros e Silva, Youssef Elias Ammar http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/22IJAERS-07202131-Qualityoflife.pdf Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are an essential part in the growth of the economy and industry as a whole. But in the long run, capital is needed to boost their performance hence the need to finance their operations primarily through debt. The scare research on debt financing of SMEs leads to the purpose of this study to analyze the impact of debt financing on SMEs performance in Ghana. The SMEs sample used for the analysis was taken from Ghana Stock Exchange (GSE) database, which has forty- two (42) companies listed. It contains a comprehensive array of financial statements and balance sheets for companies active in Ghana. For the purpose of the study, 8 SMEs were selected based on their stated capital of not less than GHC 300,000. A five-year time frame financial account reports from 2015 -2019 consecutive year period were used for this study. Also, the study hypothesis was tested using multiple regression analysis. From the results of the study, debt-financed through both short and long term have a detrimental impact on SMEs' financial performance. With the intention to destitute credit and loan control policies, the study recommends that SMEs utilize their debt significantly. The diversification of their revenue streams, is essential to amateur down payment modes for trade credits and practice proper financial bookkeeping records. It is also suggested that transparency in payment schedules and necessity of training their employees on a regular basis. The employment of knowledgeable interior and exterior auditors to advance interior control systems and keeping of records is also advantageous for SMEs in accessing loans. http://ijaers.com/detail/the-impact-of-debt-financing-on-performance-of-small-and-medium-enterprises-in-ghana/ Amankwah Ophelia, Su Min, Diallo Mamadou Aliou, Akter Farhana, Nyantakyi George, Gyimah Justice, Adu Sarfo Philip http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/23IJAERS-07202132-Theimpact.pdf This manuscript discusses Professionalization in Higher Education in pandemic times, considering teaching and plural identities. In the course of its structure and functionality, it sought to systematize the evidence on the implications and benefits of Professionalization, given the entire configuration of its implementation in Brazil. This is a bibliographical and documentary research, with a qualitative interpretive nature. With regard to the conditions for the effectiveness of teaching practice in higher education, a verification mapping of the subjects' practice becomes effective, in which institutional actions arising from/financed by educational policies that are linked to the reports and the research. Our results pointed to the fact that in the professionalization process there is no single identity, but plural ones. http://ijaers.com/detail/professionalization-in-higher-education-teaching-and-plural-identities-contemporary-challenges/ Wilder Kleber Fernandes de Santana, Richardson Lemos de Oliveira, Cristina Brust, Amanda Cabral Monteiro Terto, Heberth Almeida de Macedo, Vanessa Serafim da Silva, Diogo da Costa Barbosa, Angélica Cristina Castro Soares, Vítor Diego de Pontes Simões, Alessandra Ferreira dos Santos, Andrea Capistrano das Neves Cunha http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/24IJAERS-07202120-Professionalization.pdf The issue of the diffusionist model of Technical Assistance and Rural Extension (Ater) brought strong impacts to family farmers, the environment and society as a whole, which provoked reactions in the search for other alternatives and, as a result, debate on the agroecological Ater model, consequently the decentralized Ater networks, associativism, and as a background the sustainable rural development. Historically, rural economic elites have always imposed their interests to the detriment of small rural producers. Ater's initial milestone in the country begins with US support in the midst of the cold war, with the objective of inserting farmers into the capitalist market for inputs, machinery and financing, in addition to the post-war geopolitical alignment interest. Ater went through the next periods with the prescription of technological packages and the green revolution. With the redemocratization in the 1980s and liberal policies, rural extension was no longer a priority, nor was it government policy, becoming state government programs without federal resources. During this period, several social tensions arose and the emergence of effective actions by unions, associations, NGOs and cooperatives proposing a new model of rural development, until the period of struggles of the representations of family producers to implement the National Policy for Technical Assistance and Rural Extension (PNATER). After a brief period of structuring Ater with a focus close to the needs and interests of family farmers, whose compass was the implementation of an AgroecologicalAter, there is currently a systematic effort to materially and symbolically deconstruct the achievements of this segment of producers together partner institutions of the Federal Government, by rural elites who mobilized in defense of their interests. What remains from now on, therefore, is to follow a path of political struggle that should never be abandoned with a focus on cooperation / associativism, networking and solidarity economy based on an agroecological land as an instrument of endogenous territorial development, particularly for sustainable rural development in its multidimensions. Therefore, the modest reflections exposed in this article stimulate the fundamental exercise that portrays a process of enlightenment in real life and the practice of struggles and conquests of family farmers. http://ijaers.com/detail/a-new-paradigm-of-ater-agroecological-founded-on-the-principle-of-cooperation-as-assumption-of-endogenous-development/ Samuel Cronemberger Caffé, Judenilton O. dos Santos Souza, Samuel Horácio de Oliveira, Denes Dantas Vieira http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/25IJAERS-07202119-ANew.pdf There is growing concern over the frequent cases of cost overruns, and underestimation in software cost, especially, indigenous software products. This has a lot to do with the choice of Cost-estimation tools, techniques and models deployed. Constructive Cost Model (COCOMO) II model has been adjudged as the most reliable and accurate. However, the existing cost drivers/variables of this model (COCOMO II) do not capture fully the uniqueness of Nigeria’s computing environment. This paper has highlighted the strengths and weaknesses of COCOMO II considering the hierarchy of COCOMO. A new algorithm was proposed to effectively enhance the cost estimation effort of indigenous software in Nigeria http://ijaers.com/detail/constructive-cost-model-ii-metrics-for-estimating-cost-of-indigenous-software/ Njoku Obilor A., Agbakwuru Onyekachi A. Amanze Chibuike B., Njoku Donatus O. http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/26IJAERS-0720218-Constructive.pdf The purpose of this article is to analyze whether the Brazilian public policies (PP), materialized in the innovation program (RD&I) of the SEB through the R&DP and EEP, contribute or not to the Brazilian government's fulfillment of the commitments made with Agenda 2030 and the NDC goals, together with the Paris Agreement, concerning SDG 7.The methodological procedures adopted were bibliographic and documental research, involving the legislation that guides the RD&I regulated by ANEEL, as well as the analysis of 30 R&DP projects and 1,026 EEP projects. The R&DP has proven not to be aligned with the goals of Agenda 2030, especially with regard to the development of a culture of innovation in the SEB, besides being disconnected from the rest of the world in terms of the type and model adopted for innovation, patent generation, and continuous improvement.It showed improvement only in the profile of human resources used in the program. The EEP presented results aligned with Agenda 2030 and SDG 7 and Brazil's NDC, through the following indicators: i) investment avoided in energy generation; ii) energy saved; iii) demand withdrawn from the peak; iv) energy conserved.In addition, there are results in line with SDG 9 and 13 such as an increase in the supply of renewable energy and reduction of CO2e emissions in the system. The R&DP and the EEP together contribute R$ 1.1 billion per year in innovation in the SEB, making an expected value of around R$ 12.1 billion from 2020 to 2030. http://ijaers.com/detail/the-brazilian-public-policies-for-rd-i-in-the-brazilian-electrical-system-seb-in-light-of-the-commitments-of-the-agenda-2030/ Gilmar dos Santos Marques, Maria Amélia de Paula Dias, João Nildo de Souza Vianna http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/27IJAERS-07202136-TheBrazilian.pdf Social isolation, during the pandemic, motivated us to investigate what impacts it had on the lives of elderly people. The purpose of this article is to reflect the situations not yet experienced by elderly people. The objective of the research is to try to understand the meanings and experiences lived by more than 120 days of social isolation and to have a greater understanding of being at the risk group during a pandemic, through written letters and reports of experiences that come from the project called “Cycle Meetings ”, through the workshop“ Do fundo do Baú ”, which is part of the Social Work with the Elderly (TSI) activity, linked to the Assistance Program, of the Social Service of Commerce - SESC, with the group called Plenitude. It is an exploratory research, with a qualitative approach, based on the analysis of its letters. In this way, we can conclude that the human being's need and capacity to reinvent itself to adapt to the new conditions imposed is possible at all times, especially in difficult times. http://ijaers.com/detail/letters-of-isolation-reinvention-of-existir/ Hildeana Nogueira Dias Souza, João Batista Santiago Ramos http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/28IJAERS-07202122-Lettersof.pdf When we are made to think about old age nowadays it motivates us to believe that we are contributing to break some social prejudices. This article aims to reflect the question of old age and turns to the conception of some references and reports experienced by a group of old people, as an object of study of gerontology, defining some approaches that guide the discussions on social relations, involving subjects. It was found throughout the study that there was a "silence" around the theme of old age, around the word "old", the pronunciation of the terms for that moment in life and the subject who lived that phase, was still veiled. The objective of the research is to have a greater understanding of this stage of life, old age, nowadays, seeking to hear and understand the subject, in particular how they are experiencing their aging, from their speeches and reports of experiences that come from the project called “Cycle of Meetings”, through the workshop “Exchanging Ideas”, which is part of the Social Work with the Elderly (TSI) activity, linked to the Assistance Program, of the Social Service of Commerce - Sesc, with the group called Grupo Plenitude. It is an exploratory research, with a qualitative approach, based on the analysis of the speeches of 25 subjects. Thus, we can conclude that it is possible for old people to discuss and reflect on their old age, visualizing their needs, seeking to overcome the various challenges and open themselves to new conquests, through their life project, envisioning autonomy until the end of their existence. http://ijaers.com/detail/what-is-it-old-age/ Hildeana Nogueira Dias Souza, João Batista Santiago Ramos http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/29IJAERS-07202123-What.pdf Measuring the quality of service levels in self-service, rural and urban emergency services, as well as the wait time for a possible customer until connection offered by an electricity company continues as an objective, based on the perspective proposed by Parasuraman et al. (1985). In order to detect the sources of problems in service quality and seek improvement, this model is based on the principle of comparison between the perceived service and the expected service, considering that the expectations of customers is strongly influenced by their personal needs.The survey had participation from 2450 customers distributed in the 98 neighborhoods of the municipality, which were already familiar with the services provided, since, in the state of Paraná, this company is currently the only electricity utility to serve the population. To analyze the survey, dimensions related to Access, Efficiency, Receptivity, Ease of understanding, Flexibility, Customization, Privacy, Wait time for service, Trust and Security were considered. The perceived quality evaluation for these services was considered average for practically all dimensions. This study also presents a comparison between the ten dimensions evaluated and the method of the main components of factor analysis, responsible for extracting five new dimensions: Trust in the company, Flexibility in providing service, Ease of self-service, Security and Speed. And even though these new dimensions have significantly reduced the initial number of variables analyzed, there was no loss in relation to the importance of the services provided by the company. http://ijaers.com/detail/quality-analysis-in-the-service-sector-of-an-electricity-generating-company-according-to-servqual-s-model/ Rafaela Cardoso Galace, Genilson Valotto Patuzzo, Flávia Aparecida Reitz Cardoso* http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/30IJAERS-07202129-Quality.pdf Objective: This study aims to discuss the risks and benefits of ECMO in the treatment of patients with severe COVID-19. Method: This is a narrative review study of the literature with a qualitative approach, carried out in the PubMed, MEDLINE, LILACS, SciELO and Google Scholar databases in April 2021. Results: The analysis of the literature shows the importance of applying conventional treatment before opting for ECMO, and should be considered when other measures that have been proven to be effective and relatively inexpensive have been performed, but without success, such as pronation, neuromuscular blockade and lung protection ventilation. Conclusion: It is concluded that further studies are needed with a larger sample and a comprehensive analysis of the evaluation of the use of ECMO in patients with COVID-19. http://ijaers.com/detail/extracorporeal-membrane-oxygenation-in-the-covid-19-pandemic/ Letícia Almeida de Assunção, Anderson Lineu Siqueira dos Santos, Tatyellen Natasha da Costa Oliveira, Wilker Silva Alves, Antônia Roberta Mitre Sampaio, Rodrigo Batista Balieiro, Sarah Jacqueline Costa do Lago, Luceme Martins Silva, Tamires Costa Franco, Mayra Carolina de Carvalho, Rafaela Campos de Oliveira Silva, Jéssica Maria Lins da Silva, Wesley Brandão Dias, Bruna Eduarda Belo Gaia, Cláudia Rafaela Brandão Lima, Paulo Victor Caldas Soares, Alda Lima Lemos, Priscila Pinheiro de Miranda, Alinne Larissa de Almeida Matos, Taynnara de Oliveira do Espírito Santo Cunha, Monise Isabelly Sousa Soares, Angélica Menezes Bessa Oliveira, Luiz Euclides Coelho de Souza Filho, Jackline Leite de Oliveira, Thais Garcia Raymond Franco, Gabriele Santos de Souza, Debora Mylena Azevedo Rosa, Lidiane de Nazaré Noronha Ferreira Baia, Yasmin Martins de Sousa, Caroline Martins da Silva Moia, Camila Cristina Girard Santos, Clareana Costa Campelo Cunha, Paula Carolina Lima de Aviz, Fernanda Araujo Trindade, Mônica Custódia do Couto Abreu Pamplona, Ana do Socorro Maia de Moraes, Aline Lopes Teixeira, Barbara Maria Neves Mendonça Luz, Lunara Saraiva Miranda, Mônica Loureiro Maués Santos, Kelly Cristina Alberto Oliveira, Michele de Pinho Barreiros, Anna Karolina Paixão Benjamim, Arielly dos Santos Rodrigues, Ana Caroline Menezes Nunes, Pollyana Almeida de Oliveira, Adryanne Alyce Carvalho Prata, Flávia Moraes Pacheco da Silva, Conceição do Socorro Damasceno Barros, Adriana dos Santos Mendes Gomes, Larissa Lima Monteiro da Silva, Pâmela Correia Castro, Glenda Keyla China Quemel, Juliana do Rosário de Moraes, Janine Brasil de Araújo Moraes, Breno Caldas Ribeiro, Victor Viana da Graça, Iara Samily Balestero Mendes, Tayana Patrícia Santana Oliveira de Sá, Ana Caroline Guedes Souza Martins http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/31IJAERS-07202135-Extracorporeal.pdf In view of the need to support social entrepreneurship and promote territorial development, the purpose of this text is to describe and discuss an action plan for the development of educational material on Solidarity Economy and Ecologically Based Agriculture. The 5W2H method was used for the action plan for the preparation of the educational material. Methodologically, the research has a quantitative and qualitative approach, with market research involving students from higher education courses (Agrarian Sciences) and High School Integrated to Agricultural Technicians, from the Federal Institute of Bahia - Campus Senhor do Bonfim and professionals who work NGOs, educational institutions and rural extension bodies. From the data analysis, it was concluded that the elaboration of the action plan using the 5W2H method in the production of an educational video was shown in a positive way, allowing an expanded view of the best strategies for the planning of actions and the acceptance of the product by the target audience, as an intelligible language material and accessible online, which can promote sustainability in local production units, adding value and strengthening the identity of crops originating from family farming; and territorial development, with the socialization of information that favors collaborative networks, the economy and integrates actions and partnerships in a collective and solidary way. http://ijaers.com/detail/solidarity-economy-and-ecologically-based-agriculture-an-action-plan-for-the-development-of-educational-materials/ Wellington Dantas de Sousa, Carla Saturnina Ramos de Moura, Elielma Santana Fernandes, Jorge Luis Cavalcanti Ramos, Lúcia Marisy Souza Ribeiro de Oliveira, Vivianni Marques Leite dos Santos http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/32IJAERS-07202133-Solidarity.pdf This article seeks to encourage the basic education teacher to take the lead in the systematization of their experiences and training, considering them as the subject of their own training, with a permanent character and articulated with the experiences lived in daily school life. When the school is unable to promote the training of its teachers, with a view to qualifying its practices according to the wishes of its students, and continuing to propose training itineraries for children, young people and adults who do not fit in with the current agenda of the country. The strategies of an educational policy can and must explore the autonomy margins of the educational system; betting on the repercussion throughout the network of the action exerted on one of the main nodes. The mere adaptation of school and paraschool education to the needs of employees, of the living forces, of the labor market, always imprecisely clarified, which becomes a rule, defined in terms of the conjunctural state of various power relations. http://ijaers.com/detail/the-process-of-continuous-teacher-training-in-the-city-of-v-rzea-alegre-cear/ Maria da Conceição Vieira Damasceno Bitu, Felipe Neris Torres de Sousa http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/33IJAERS-07202154-TheProcess.pdf The article analyzes the role of Public Hearings - PHs in shaping Regulation in the electricity industry in Brazil. A total of 1,077 PHs were examined where the Government, represented by the Regulator (National Electric Energy Agency – ANEEL), consulted civil society in the period from 2010 to 2019. The statistical survey separated agents by category, in order to better understand the leading role that each typology plays in the electricity sector industry. The article ends with an analysis of the use of the concept of Design Thinking - DT in the methodology of interaction with those interested in participating in Public Hearings. The DT can act in the integration of solutions between the themes proposed in the PHs, serving as an integrating agent in the simplification of regulatory policies. http://ijaers.com/detail/use-of-design-thinking-by-the-regulator-in-the-process-of-applying-public-hearings-in-the-electricity-sector/ Tomazini, Marcos T., Ramos, Dorel S., Almeida Prado Jr., Fernando http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/34IJAERS-07202149-Useof.pdf Decentralized power generation is an option to serve communities that survive in places without electricity or isolated from urban centers or in areas with intermittent electricity coming from gasoline or diesel generator sets. This article presents an alternative energy generation with low environmental and financial impact, a floating hydroelectric generation system using an axial flow electric generator combined with a cross-flow hydrokinetic converter that works from water flows in rivers' sections floating structure allows for performance even at low speeds. http://ijaers.com/detail/hydrokinetic-power-generation-system-coupled-to-the-axial-flow-generator/ Viviane Barrozo da Silva, Fernando Jakitsch Medina, Fábio Monteiro Steiner, Afrânio de Castro Antonio, Antonio Carlos Duarte Ricciotti , Hebert Sancho Garcez Militão, Júlio Sancho Teixeira Militão, Daniela de Araújo Sampaio, Petrus Luiz de Luna Pequeno http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/35IJAERS-07202144-Hydrokinetic.pdf Changes in digital transformation have been increasingly accelerated. Consequently, educational institutions face a significant challenge in preparing individuals for the current and future job market. These institutions must support students in developing transversal skills that can meet the demands for work and social life. Thus, the objective of this study is to present a learning model that combines the challenge-based learning methodology with the design thinking approach as a strategy to conduct a more humanized learning process and promote the development of transversal skills. This study was conducted with 23 students pursuing mechanical engineering. The learning model was well-rated by the students, and the development of transversal competencies were evaluated. http://ijaers.com/detail/received-15-jun-2021-received-in-revised-form-11-jul-2021-accepted-20-jul-2021-available-online-29-jul-2021/ Evandro Minuce Mazo, Renelson Ribeiro Sampaio, Cristiano Vasconcellos Ferreira http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/36IJAERS-07202141-Design.pdf Camu-camu (Myrciaria dubia)H.B.K.) Mc Vaugh fruits are promising sources of various bioactive compounds such as vitamin C. Camu-camu is a fruit native to the Amazon region and is considered the greatest natural source of vitamin C worldwide are also good sources of minerals. The objective of this sudy was to analyze pulp camu-camu throughout the Amazon region using the methodology Vitamin C content was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Analyzes have shown that camu-camu powder had the highest content of antioxidants capacity, 51,567 umol TE/g and anthocyanins 9548 GAE mg/100g compared to açaí, blueberry, apple and orange pulp. In conclusion, camu-camu can bel used to introduce bioactive compounds into food products and to delay or prevent many human diseases. http://ijaers.com/detail/camu-camu-myrciaria-dubia-from-the-amazon/ Jaime Paiva Lopes Aguiar, Francisca das Chagas do Amaral Souza http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/37IJAERS-07202137-Camu.pdf The agriculture is also practiced in the cities and surrounding areas being known as urban and periurban agriculture, which is presented as backyards or Garden Community. This paper aims to discuss the extension project actions for work and income generation for social and economic fragile communities - Agroecological Community Garden of plural space, approaching its relation with food security, social inclusion and income generation, being justified by the importance of publicizing initiatives that have a high value impact, as the project dialogues with social, economic and health issues. The approach used in this study was an experience report lived during and after the implementation of the Community Garden project, located in the Malhada da Areia neighborhood in Juazeiro, Bahia. The Community Garden encourages that the food produced should be consumed by their own families, where this production is diversified, derived from a healthy, organic, and environmentally friendly mode of production. The leftovers of production are commercialized as a form of income generation, contributing to the empowerment and social participation of these people. This Garden is a social project that serves as a reference to farmers familiarized with the organic sustainable urban agriculture model, ensuring food security of families whose work and income come only from this activity, reducing malnutrition and valuing health and life. http://ijaers.com/detail/agroecological-community-garden-of-plural-space-food-and-nutritional-security-social-inclusion-and-income-generation/ Xenusa Pereira Nunes, Daniel Muniz Rocha do Nascimento, Eugênio Bispo da Silva Júnior, Elias Fernandes de Medeiros Júnior, Francisco Assis Filho, Luciana Souza de Oliveira, Xirley Pereira Nunes, Lucia Marisy Souza Ribeiro de Oliveira http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/38IJAERS-07202150-Agroecological.pdf Breast cancer is a cellular anomaly that can occur due to several factors, both environmental and the body itself. Cancer is one of the most important diseases that are increasing each year and, among many types, breast cancer, especially, draws itself even more attention for its location in a part of the body that brings womanhood to femininity. Thus, entails a series of physical and mental problems. Most women opt for mastectomy when the cancer is in an advanced stage as it is one of the ways to remove the entire tumor at once. Physical therapy plays a very important role because it will be present at all stages of cancer, it will be in early treatment until postoperative where it will prevent complications, an adequate functional recovery, and a better quality of life. The aim of this study was to propose a significant improvement in the life of a patient with breast tenderness decrease after mastectomy using the physiotherapy protocol for sensitivity recovery. It was found that there was recovery of normal skin sensitivity, total pain reduction and quality of life gain. http://ijaers.com/detail/analysis-of-physical-therapy-treatment-in-post-mastectomy-sensitivity-disorder/ Cristianne Confessor Castilho Lopes, Talitta Padilha Machado, Daniela dos Santos, Tatiane Caetano de Souza, Marilda Morais da Costa, Paulo Sergio Silva, Tulio Gamio Dias, Eduardo Barbosa Lopes, Lucas Castilho Lopes, Laisa Zanatta, Joyce Kelly Busolin Jardim, Caroline Lehnen, Vanessa da Silva Barros, Liamara Basso Dala Costa, Heliude de Quadros e Silva, Youssef Elias Ammar http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/39IJAERS-07202139-Analysisof.pdf The territory of the Brazilian semiarid region has historically been the scene of great challenges and adversities, with the capacity for survival and resistance of the people living in it being represented. Within this same territory, there are also several potentialities that should be studied, developed and encouraged, one of which is the bee honey production chain with Apísmellífera type stingers for economic purposes, also known as European bee, which must be worked towards complementing income, as well as the diversification of the subsistence activity of the populations of these territories. The study in question intends to compare the honey production chain in two regions of the Semi-Arid Region of the Northeast. The first chain is located on the edge of the Sobradinho lake in the State of Bahia, and the second is ocated in Serra da Capivara, which belongs to the state of Piauí. The present study is of a qualitative-quantitative, bibliographic and documentary nature, since studies already carried out will be analyzed, starting from secondary data for a comparative analysis of the two chains, using the system called MATRIX SWOT 3.0. http://ijaers.com/detail/comparative-analyses-of-honey-production-chains-on-the-edge-of-sobradinho-lake-ba-and-serra-of-capivara-pi-using-the-strategic-management-tool-matrix-swot-3-0/ Antonio de Santana Padilha Neto, José Alberto Gonçalves de Moura, Hortência Silva Almeida, Eduardo José Nascimento Fragoso, Pedro Augusto Leão Lima, José Lincoln Pinheiro Araújo, Edilson Pinheiro Araújo, Clecia Simone Gonçalves Rosa Pacheco http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/40IJAERS-07202145-Comparative.pdf International organizations are still in need for methodologies that accurately measures forests above ground biomass (AGB). Among the remote sensing technologies, those of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) stands out in the modeling of forest biomass due to their ability to characterize the geometry of the imaged region. The semantic representation, through thematic maps, is one of the main means for the geospatial situational understanding. However, there is a gap of knowledge for models that are built by the analysis of quantitative and qualitative theme-feature in a complementary way. This article aims to develop and compare forest biomass estimation models, through an innovative methodology, over quantitative and qualitative theme-features. To this end, extracted SAR data and specific machine learning (ML) and feature selection techniques are applied for each case. The models developed are based into forest inventories with 128 plots located in two different Brazilian Amazon Forest areas and were built over 231 extracted independent variables. The methodology applied used techniques to categorize numeric data and, afterwards, comparatively evaluate numeric quantitative and categorized qualitative results. The constructions of the models were based on ML algorithms such as Multilayer Perceptron, Suport Vector Machine and Random Forest. The results showed that the different study areas had very different vegetation characteristics, significantly impacting the feature selection and ML algorithms. The different biomes of the Amazon Forest and their respective characteristics demanded specific models and techniques, not fitting into a single pattern. importance. http://ijaers.com/detail/comparison-between-quantitative-and-qualitative-theme-feature-forest-biomass-estimation-models-built-over-sar-data/ Carlos Alberto Pires de Castro-Filho, Edilson Bias http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/41IJAERS-07202156-Comparison.pdf The construction of scientific knowledge based on the solution of clinical cases, also called problem-situation or case study, is a contemporary methodology, centered on the student, problematizing, teaching-learning, which allows to know the previous knowledge of the group in the face of the presented situation, as well as identifying learning needs, building new meanings and knowledge, in addition to developing specific skills for self-learning. Strategically, it is the insertion, during a course, of a social material (texts, audios, printed matter, videos), whose analysis and discussion allow to contextualize the theoretical content. This work aims to present an experience in the construction, application and evaluation of clinical cases aimed at students in the fifth period of the dentistry course at Itpac - Porto Nacional in 2020. Clinical cases were previously screened by the teacher of endodontics at the multidisciplinary clinic at Itpac - Porto Nacional and presented to students in the classroom. The students were instructed to organize themselves in groups, a time of 1 hour was established for discussion of clinical cases and websites, scientific articles and books were made available to assist in solving the proposed activity. After the end of the established time, each group presented the diagnosis of each clinical situation presented. Based on this experience, it is possible to conclude that the use of clinical cases as a pedagogical practice brings students closer to the social reality and leads them to build networks of knowledge, making them active subjects in the learning process, without renouncing the depth and specificity knowledge that a dental student needs to develop. http://ijaers.com/detail/building-scientific-knowledge-based-on-the-solution-of-clinical-cases-a-contemporary-learning-process/ Eduardo Fernandes Marques, Rodrigo Rodrigues Ventura http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/42IJAERS-07202155-Building.pdf It is known that family farming, besides being responsible for a large part of the food products put on the Brazilian table, is the source of survival for many families. Thus, to value the family farmer is to enable this value chain to be continued and to grow. This paper aimed to survey the publications that discuss added value in family farming. To this end, exploratory research of a qualitative nature was used. The research sought articles in the Web of Science indexing bases, SCOPUS, SCIELO, SPELL, in addition to the CAPES Publications Portal. The journals Horticultura Brasileira and Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura were also searched. The results pointed out that the articles discussed 10 variables of value addition, and short circuits, organic production, and agriculture industrialization were the most used. However, it was realized that there are several other ways that rural family farmers can use to add value to their products and thus be better remunerated. Therefore, a research gap was found, since, besides the existence of other adding variables, rural producers must consider the extremely fluid context in which they are inserted. http://ijaers.com/detail/survey-on-publications-that-discuss-added-value-in-family-farming/ Ana Paula de Lima da Silva, Geysler Rogis Flor Bertolini http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/43IJAERS-07202151-Surveyon.pdf This paper presents the development of a simplified mesh generation scheme for three-dimensional boundary element method (BEM). The developed program presented in this work takes into account three-dimensional geometries composed by planar faces. This is a simplification regarding the form of the acceptable geometries, but a great variety of geometries and problems can be modelled with sufficient accuracy to perform numerical analysis. The main program’s idea consists of moving each face belonging to the three-dimensional geometry to bi-dimensional space using geometrical transformation matrices. In bi-dimensional space, then, it is applied a bi-dimensional mesh generation algorithm for element generation. After element generation is done, new geometrical transformations are applied in order to send the meshed face back to its original position in three-dimensional space. The continuity of the final mesh is assured by promoting the discretization of the edges of the geometry only once. The proposed scheme has several positive aspects regarding simplicity, efficiency and robustness. A practical and immediate use of the proposed algorithm can be found for those who already have a bi-dimensional mesh generator code implemented and intent to expand its functionalities to treat simple three-dimensional geometries composed by planar faces. Several examples of meshes in arbitrary three-dimensional geometries composed by planar faces are presented in order to illustrate the capabilities of the developed computational program and some computational simulations have been performed to show the quality of the meshes in problems with specific boundary conditions. http://ijaers.com/detail/a-simplified-mesh-generation-scheme-for-3d-geometries-composed-by-planar-faces-to-be-used-with-bem/ Geraldo Creci http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/44IJAERS-07202153-ASimplified.pdf This paper emphasis on how to estimate the specific driver parameters corresponding to the human driver using the driver model approach. Subsequently, the specific driver parameters are defined based on the human driver under longitudinal driving conditions. To accomplish this, the mathematical description (Ordinary differential equation (ODE)) of the driver model is considered, representing the specific driver parameters. As stated before, the specific driver parameters are investigated for longitudinal driving conditions so, car following based model is selected this model determines how far the vehicle is in front of the other vehicle. Thereafter, the mathematical description of the driver model (ordinary differential equation) is transformed into the Laplace domain (S-domain) for estimating the specific driver parameters by using the input-output behaviour of the driver model. In this research system identification method is used to obtain the higher order transfer function for the given input and output variable. In addition to it, the acquired higher order transfer function needs to be approximated to the theoretical transfer function of the driver model. In a nutshell, it can be said that based on the defined goal the specific driver parameters were investigated using the driver model approach. In addition to it, one driver is analysed based on the identified specific driver parameters and correspondingly conclusions are drawn. Consequently, the same approach can be carried out for comparing different human drivers. http://ijaers.com/detail/identification-of-driver-specific-parameters-using-real-time-testing/ Lalit Pankaj Grover http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/45IJAERS-07202158-Identification.pdf Piped natural gas is commonly distributed by regional gas distribution companies, which have pipelines that are responsible for distributing this fluid to final consumers. These meshes operate with maximum pressures in the order of 40 bar (4.0 MPa), however, there are other pressure levels involved, either for operational or safety reasons. The reduction of these working pressures is carried out in devices commonly called pressure reducing stations (EPRs), which have interconnected valves and accessories that enable the referred pressure reductions as necessary. These stations, therefore, include pressure control valves or simply pressure regulators, which produce aerodynamic noise when in operation due to their physical configuration, local flow conditions and their own functionality. This paper presents a proposal for the determination of aerodynamic noise present in pressure regulating valves of piped natural gas distribution networks, based on the resulting mathematical formulation, predicted and recommended in IEC 60534-8-4 “Prediction of noise generated by hydrodynamic flow” code. From these assumptions a computational code was developed in Matlab environment that allows the operations engineer to simulate and evaluate the noise level present in a certain operating condition, favoring his decision making. http://ijaers.com/detail/effect-of-noise-generated-by-pressure-control-valves-in-natural-gas-distribution-networks/ Julio Cézar de Almeida, Glaúcio Antonio Weigert http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/46IJAERS-07202138-Effectof.pdf The intense urbanization resulting from the world populations growth makes the construction industry responsible for causing extensive environmental damage, given the vast generation of CD&waste. Considering the management of CD&waste in Brazil and Portugal, both have a deficit in preventing dynamic interactions between the factors inherent to the management. The implementation of management strategies drives the economy and social sustainability. Therefore, thein order to analyze the CD&waste management methods in Brazil and Portugal, this study was based on a thorough investigation of the theme in a municipality in each country, considered as tourist areas. With the objective of filling in the gaps related to the legal and regulatory instruments created to national and word governmental control about CD&waste management. The methodology used for the development was a bibliographic review with primary and secondary data from technical and scientific sources, in addition to interviews with those responsible for the inspection, execution of works and environmental management of the municipalities from Santa Fé do Sul, Brazil and Covilhã, Portugal, followed by field research. As a result, it can be mentioned that the municipality of Santa Fé do Sul has greater control over the management of CD&waste, the reality of the country that has a more developed CD&waste reinsertion system compared to Portugal, which in the municipality of Covilhã, has no practices of CD&waste reusing management. The reinforcement of government supervision and the implementation of economic incentives are strategies for improvement and insertion in the concept of sustainable cities and circular economy. http://ijaers.com/detail/review-of-construction-and-demolition-waste-management-in-municipalities-in-brazil-and-portugal/ Gabrielly Cristina de Souza Carvalho, Claudia Scoton A. Marques, João Carlos Gonçalves Lanzinha http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/47IJAERS-07202143-Reviewof.pdf This article seeks to present a theoretical discussion, with a bibliographic research, approach on the role of the functions performed by the proofreader within the communication sector of creative economy companies, among its various fields of activity. The proposal arose from the need to show your need due to the lack of knowledge of the activity and in relation to professionals who are daily replaced by other people with communication skills, but specialized in textual revision. More specifically, this study seeks to help reviewers about their skills and how to work within the creative segment, always looking for expansion and knowledge in social media. http://ijaers.com/detail/the-relevance-of-text-review-for-creative-economy-companies/ Isabela Cunha Vieira http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/48IJAERS-07202161-Therelevance.pdf Objective: To investigate the clinical and laboratory parameters correlated with increased pulmonary involvement of ground-glass opacity in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) at the time of hospital admission. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with a total of 74 patients with COVID-19 and ground-glass opacification (GGO) visualized on chest computed tomography. Physical examinations, laboratory tests and computed tomography of the chest were performed during the first 2 days of hospitalization. Patients were divided into two groups: GGO≤50% (n = 43) and GGO> 50% (n = 31). All parameters were evaluated for comparison and association between groups. Results: Patients with higher GGO were more commonly male (p = 0.035), with lower saturation (p = 0.038), with more dyspnea (p = 0.020), with a positive correlation with all these parameters (p http://ijaers.com/detail/association-between-degree-of-pulmonary-impairment-due-to-ground-glass-opacification-and-clinical-and-laboratory-findings-in-patients-with-covid-19-at-hospital-admission-a-cross-sectional-study/ Renato Sampaio Mello Neto, Pedro Jorge Luz Alves Cronemberger, Marcos Henrique De Oliveira Morais, Luan George Lima Xavier, Marta Alves Rosal, Maria Do Carmo De Carvalho E Martins http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/49IJAERS-07202160-Association.pdf One of the main objectives of endodontic treatment is the decontamination of root canal systems visando alcançar o sucesso clínico com o paciente sem sinais e sintomas.However, sometimes endodontic treatment fails, causing a periradicular inflammatory lesion to persist. Given this, there are several treatment options, including non-surgical endodontic retreatment and apical microsurgery. Sometimes these options are unfeasible, and intentional reimplantation appears as the last therapeutic option for dental element extraction.The main objective of the present study was to analyze the effectiveness of intentional replantation as a last resort in the treatment of endodontic failures. As an inclusion criterion, articles from the PubMed, Google Scholar and SciELO database were used. In PubMed, 61 articles were found, 08 were selected. In Google Scholar, 131 articles were found, 8 of which were selected for the research. In SciELO, 2 articles were found, were 2 were selected. Also 4 articles were included by cross-reasearch. Thus, a final sample of 23 articles inserted in the work was obtained. It is concluded that intentional reimplantation is a viable alternative, but the lack of a preestablished clinical protocol makes it difficult to practice the procedure. http://ijaers.com/detail/intentional-replantation-as-a-last-resort-in-the-treatment-of-endodontic-failures-literature-review/ Isabella Palma Wilke, Eduardo Fernandes Marques, Kaohana Thaís da Silva http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/50IJAERS-07202142-Intentional.pdf