http://ijaers.com/ Open Access international Journal to publish research paper en-us September Objective: The general objective of this study was to identify the level of competence in the collection of preventive cervical cancer examination among nursing students attending the supervised internship. Method: The study presented a quantitative approach conducted in 2019. Participants were 80 students of the 9th semester of the Nursing Course of the University of the Amazon, during three months of supervised internship in Primary Health Care. Twenty-one competencies were analyzed in the collection of the oncopherotic colpocytology exam. From the application of a checklist during the supervised internship, each student was evaluated five times. Results: The evolution of the minimum competencies of the nursing student during the five collections of the onoptic cytology examination was notorious. From the third collection, it was observed that 41.3% of the students with unsatisfactory performance, there was a reduction to 5% in the fourth collection. In the fifth collection of the exam, 92.5% of the students with the satisfactory exam technique. Conclusion: Therefore, it is suggested the implementation of the checklist during the collection of the onoptic cytology exam in the supervised stage, that each student has the opportunity to make at least five collections. http://ijaers.com/detail/skills-of-nursing-academics-in-collecting-the-preventive-exam-for-uterine-cervical-cancer/ Clara Ozeny Lima Olivi, Milena Coelho Fernandes Caldato, Carla Maria Lima Olivi http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/1IJAERS-08202166-Skillsof.pdf The phenomenon of globalization has considerably increased the knowledge, skills and abilities in the vocational training process. Vocational training today, not only depends on the development of classroom subjects, but it also depends on training with a creative, critical focus on global solutions and a vision to improve society and the world. This is the focus of entrepreneurial qualification. This requires a multidisciplinary, systemic and comprehensive training. The objective of this article is to recognize the variables that identify the characteristics of entrepreneurship of the studied group. As for the methodology, to identify these variables, a factor analysis was used as a statistical treatment. For data collection it was used a questionnaire with 45 statements on the theme entrepreneurship, involving the issue of professional situation and intentions to open its own business. The questionnaire was answered by 235 students of Technology courses in the area of Management and Information Technology of the unit under study. The following characteristics were highlighted: self-efficacy, sociability and innovation. Other important traits for entrepreneurship development, such as planning to take calculated risks, leadership, and opportunity detection are characteristics that need to be worked on to develop these in students. The result presented can serve in the definition of strategies and structures to support pedagogical management. It can also serve as an instrument for raising awareness and supporting students in pursuing a career as an entrepreneur. It is important to constantly reflect and rethink what teaching methodologies and pedagogical approaches help to encourage learning. http://ijaers.com/detail/application-of-factor-analysis-to-identify-entrepreneurial-characteristics-in-students-of-management-and-information-technology-course/ Vanessa Christina Gatto Chimendes, Kátia Cristina Cota Mantovani, Luiz Henrique Lopes, Herlandí de Souza Andrade http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/2IJAERS-06202145-Application.pdf This article aims to do a retrospective analysis of Brazilian Tax Law. We started from the process of Law's consolidation as an independent science, under the foundation of Legal Positivism, moving away from Sociology and Moral and then; afterwards, we discuss the autonomy of the Brazilian Tax Law from the finance sciences and its consolidation through the Federal Constitution, understanding that the positivist paradigm was overcome with a broader perspective in the sense of the protection of Fundamental Rights and Justice as unshakable values. Finally, at the end of the article, we reach the new perspectives and challenges of the Brazilian Tax Law: the interdisciplinary approach. As a bibliographical methodology, we confronted classical books, specific statutes, as well as new academic works. http://ijaers.com/detail/brazilian-tax-law-from-the-science-of-finance-to-interdisciplinary-approach/ Renato Lopes Becho, Rafael Kaue Feltrim Oliveira http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/3IJAERS-08202161-Brazilian.pdf Analyze the role of economic agents in Pratigi's Environmental Protection Area (EPA) in order to understand the balance between environmental conservation, income generation, green marketing and entrepreneurship. In particular, aspects of environmental law on environmental damage and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) will be observed. The study region comprises the estuarine zone of Ituberá/BA, the socio-environmental aspects of the riverside communities and its relationship with an innovative project for the cultivation of shrimp in cages and canvas tanks in Barra do Serinhaém, conceived by Litoral Sul Maricultura (LSM) in partnership with IFREMER of France. The production model analyzed showed that there is a possibility for private capital to contribute to social entrepreneurship, also generating social and environmental benefits through its Social Responsibility. http://ijaers.com/detail/social-and-environmental-responsibility-at-pratigi-epa-shrimp-farming-and-riverside-communities-in-barra-do-serinha-m-ituber-ba/ Mauricio Oliveira da Silva Sugai, Stefânia Evangelista dos Santos Barros, Elson de Oliveira, Márcia Bento Moreira http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/4IJAERS-08202157-Social.pdf Soil contamination by metal wastes represents a threat to the environment and to human health. Rhamnolipids have been recognized for its metal removal properties and presenting high biodegradability, however their application is sometimes hampered due to downstream cost production. In contrast, colloidal gas aphrons (CGAs) can serve as a cost-effective alternative to reduce the consumption of biosurfactants while also being significantly efficient in flushing off heavy metals in remediation processes. However, data concerning rhamnolipid CGAs, such as bubble diameter, stability, and percolation through porous media under water-wet conditions, are scarce. Until now, only a few studies have demonstrated the possibility of using biosurfactant CGAs to remediate metal-contaminated soils, and even fewer studies have compared its efficiency to previous methods where regular foam is applied. Therefore, a rotational central composite design was developed considering several variables and stability and bubble diameter as response parameters. Rotation speed and agitation time had a significant effect on the stability of aphrons, reaching over 600 s of stable CGA. Alkaline pH has no significant effect on the stability of rhamnolipid CGA´s. Flow rate experiments showed a significant pressure drop when rhamnolipid CGAs were pumped through the remediation column. Soil column experiments demonstrated that rhamnolipid CGA exhibited a 38 % removal rate for cadmium and a 53 % removal rate for zinc after a percolation of 10 pore volumes at pH 9.0. Extraction of cadmium and zinc was highly influenced by the number of pore volumes percolated. Based on the present results, it can be demonstrated that colloidal gas aphrons can display a similar soil remediation efficiency when compared to previous studies that applied regular foam as a metal extraction agent. The application of rhamnolipid CGAs in metal-contaminated soils is imperative for a more efficient and environmentally friendly metal remediation process. http://ijaers.com/detail/efficiency-of-rhamnolipid-colloidal-gas-aphrons-to-remove-cadmium-and-zinc-from-metal-contaminated-soil-samples/ Claudio Sabbatini Capella Lopes, Douglas Braga Teixeira, Bernardo Ferreira Braz, Ricardo Erthal Santelli, Livia Vieira Araújo de Castilho, José Gregório Cabrera Gomez, Rui de Paula Vieira de Castro, Lucy Seldin, Denise Maria Guimarães Freire http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/5IJAERS-08202162-Efficiency.pdf Objective: This study aims to understand the path from illness to coping with Acute Chagas Disease (ACD) by those who experience it. Method: Qualitative, descriptive study carried out in the city of Abaetetuba, Pará, Brazil. Twenty patients with Acute Chagas Disease followed at a health clinic in 2018 participated in the study. Home visits were made to collect information through a semi-structured interview script with open and closed questions. For data analysis, thematic content analysis was used. The research complied with Resolution No. 466/12 of the Brazil National Health Council. Results: Most participants are aged between 20 and 39 years (40%), 50% are female, 60% had no personal income, 50% declared themselves to be Catholics, 65% reported being under current treatment for ACD and 5% had complications. When analyzing the interviewees' statements, three categories and their approaches emerged: 1) The meaning of having and living with ACD (The knowledge of patients about the disease; the impact of the disease on the patient and religiosity as a form of hope); 2) The carrier's relationship with their social groups (The positive aspects; the negative aspects and the repercussions of the illness on the family); 3) The influence of food culture related to patients with ACD (Our açaí, daily health).Conclusion: It is concluded that this research not only demonstrates that ACD has a great biopsychosociocultural thickness, due to its significance for those who experience it, but also is fraught with stigmas for being inserted in a cultural environment of eating habits based on the consumption of açaí pulp. http://ijaers.com/detail/itinerary-for-patients-with-acute-chagas-disease-from-illness-to-coping-in-an-amazonian-municipality/ Victor Viana da Graça, Iací Proença Palmeira, Aline Silva O' de Almeida, Ângela Maria Rodrigues Ferreira, Sâmia Cristine Rabelo Borges, Daniele Melo Sardinha, Ana Caroline Guedes Souza Martins, Antônia Margareth Moita Sá http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/6IJAERS-08202165-Itinerary.pdf This scientific initiation article will address the main threats found in the virtual world, especially those that tend to reach children and adolescents, who currently use the tools available on the internet continuously and devolved. We will also show the penal aspects established in Brazilian law, as well as a statistic of the number of crimes of this kind practiced throughout the year 2018 and in the first months of 2019, making an analysis of growth or reduction of these. At the end of the day we will reflect, based on the studies and data collected, on the dangers that this public is considered vulnerable, when they navigate the world wide computer network without control and without the necessary expertise to detect a possible crime. http://ijaers.com/detail/threats-and-vulnerabilities-associated-with-cybercrime-with-children-and-adolescents/ Thiago José Ximenes Machado, Luís Borges Gouveia http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/7IJAERS-0920211-Threats.pdf The release of untreated effluents in accordance with current legislation, as well as carrying them through rains, pesticides used in farms and agricultural areas, aims to analyze the quality of sediments and the level of toxicity with trace metals. Existing on the Cotunguba River, Feira Nova - PE, since, together with the Capibaribe River, they feed the Carpina Dam, a source of water supply for approximately 250 thousand inhabitants. The analysis of the samples of these sediments took place through collections in 4 strategically positioned points, previously treated in the Environmental Analysis Department of the University of Pernambuco and sent to the Sediment Analysis Laboratory of the University of Ontario - Canada, for cataloging the minerals as well. As for detecting trace metals with potential for pollution, using the methods FUS-ICP (Plasma Coupled by Fusion Induction), TD-ICP (Plasma Inductively Coupled by Total Digestion) and INAA (Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis), adopted in the CONAMA parameters. At all collection points, it was observed that the level of sediment contamination, for some elements, already has levels above the recommended, in particular, mercury and lead, giving rise to mitigation actions, while, in others, the level of toxicity behaves within the parameters set by the environmental control bodies, both in Brazil and in the world. The consolidation of the results indicates that although one of the metals (Hg) is above the recommended parameters, most of them are below or within the range of acceptability for this type of contamination. http://ijaers.com/detail/analysis-of-the-geochemistry-of-the-background-sediments-the-cotunguba-river-feira-nova-pe-according-to-parameters-of-the-conama-resolution-344-2004/ Claudison Vieira de Albuquerque, João Allyson Ribeiro de Carvalho http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/8IJAERS-0920212-Analysisof.pdf This paper describes an electric vehicle battery charging mechanism with solar PV array based multipurpose EV charger. Multipurpose EV charger consists of two converters, one is bidirectional DC-DC converter (BDDC) and other is voltage source converter (VSC). The operation of the EV battery charger is managed in such a way that it is either supplied by PV power or by a grid. Vehicle to the grid (V2G) operation is implemented for improving the stability of the grid during peak load hours and vehicle to home (V2H) is also enabled during islanding mode of operation. For regulating the DC-link voltage from the bidirectional battery converter, a PI control mechanism was provided to this system. The bidirectional DC-DC converter works in buck mode during the charging time of the EV battery and works in boost mode during the discharging time. The charging system operates as an active power filter using voltage source converter (VSC) and the total harmonic distortion (THD) of the grid current lies within the IEEE 519 standard. The various modes of operations are simulated and tested by using MATLAB/Simulink. http://ijaers.com/detail/a-solar-pv-array-based-multipurpose-ev-charger/ Haritha M, Tony Thomas, Induja S http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/9IJAERS-08202160-ASolar.pdf Agriculture is an activity dependent on environmental conditions and with the predicted climate changes, serious influences on crops are likely to occur, and prediction studies are important in order to minimize the impacts on agricultural production. The present work is the result of consultations to scientific works published on the proposed topic. It was found that extreme heat increases and greater risks of drought are expected in Brazil and that the Agroecological Zone Method is one of the most used for modeling in which it is desired to verify the impact of the water deficit on plant production,being of easy application, understanding and your results are close to reality. In this situation, depletion in plant production is considered only as a function of the reduction of water available to the plant, which is interesting for verifying the influence of future climate change scenarios on plant production. However, it has the disadvantage of not considering the attack of pests and diseases, which are influenced by climate changes. The importance of reinforcing resilience in agroecosystems is also highlighted, not only with plant improvement through the development of cultivars adapted to future climate scenarios, but also with management alternatives. It is concluded that the Agroecological Zone Method is a reliable alternative to verify the effect of future droughts on agricultural production, despite its limitations and that it is essential to plan and combine strategies for adapting to climate change. http://ijaers.com/detail/analysis-of-the-agroecological-zone-method-in-predicting-the-impact-of-climate-change-on-agriculture/ Mayara M. M. da Luz Pires Brandão, Mariana Almeida Barros, Gertrudes Macário de Oliveira, Cristiane Domingos da Paz, Jairton Fraga Araújo http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/10IJAERS-08202169-Analysisof.pdf Objective: The objective this work was to observe phytochemical studies and the antioxidant action of extracts and fractions of different parts of Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd) Poir. Methodology: Search in the database: PubMed, SciELO, Medline via BVS, Lilacs via BVS, Science direct and Cochrane, through the scientific descriptors: “Mimosa tenuiflora and antioxidant”; “Mimosa tenuiflora and phytochemicals”; “Mimosa tenuiflora”, has published from january 1990 to june 2021. The inclusion criteria used were: 1) phytochemical studies of Mimosa tenuiflora; 2) antioxidant studies of Mimosa tenuiflora in vivo and in vitro models; 3) available in full texts. The exclusion criteria were articles that were not related and relevant to the theme, duplicated articles and those unavailable for full reading. Results: 24 studies identified the phytochemicals of M. tenuiflora, only 5 of these studies showed antioxidant activity in vitro. The compounds present in the extracts and fractions of different parts of the plant were phenolic compounds, flavonoids, flavonols, xanthones, flavones, polyphenols and tannins. Conclusion: The studies showed wide phytochemical variety present in extracts and fractions of different parts of the plant and few studies showing antioxidant activity of phytoconstituents of M. tenuiflora. The phenolic, flavonoids and polyphenols compounds were the major compounds in the studies involving analysis of the antioxidant activity of M. tenuiflora. http://ijaers.com/detail/prospection-of-antioxidant-action-of-phytochemicals-of-mimosa-tenuiflora-jurema-preta/ Carolina Santos Andrade, Lilia Silva Santos, Carlas Thays Lima da Silva, Poliane Farias Monteiro, Julita Maria Pereira Borges http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/11IJAERS-08202167-Prospection.pdf Objective: To map the production of knowledge and make considerations about the main updates and recommendations available in the literature for the management and conducts in front of a patient in Cardiopulmonary Arrest with a Do Not Resuscitate Order (NOR) in an Intensive Care Unit. Method: narrative literature review. The source of information consisted of relevant publications in the literature, carried out from June to July 2021, based on the narrative synthesis of evidence on the updates contained in the main guidelines and official recommendations published by bodies linked to the Brazilian and international health area .Results: the results pointed to the difficulty of doctors and health professionals in talking about the subject, however, it was found that they believe in the patient's autonomy as a fundamental factor in the decision process, as well as the participation of family members and staff multidisciplinary. Conclusion: the consent to implement the ONR must be a joint decision, in which the objective must always offer the best for the patient and their families, supporting such decision in ethical precepts. Respect for the dignity and autonomy of the patient is the main factor that must be considered in decision making, not only for the implementation of the ONR, but for any procedure that may be performed on the patient. http://ijaers.com/detail/if-it-stops-it-stopped-ethical-implications-and-conduct-in-the-do-not-resuscitate-order-in-intensive-care-unit/ Amanda do Socorro Furtado Silva, Naiade Moreira de Oliveira, Tatiane Peniche da Silva, Anne Caroline Gonçalves Lima, Danielle Oliveira Maciel, Raquel Fernandes Costa, Marcio Almeida Lins, Eimar Neri de Oliveira Junior, Elen Priscila Garcia Assunção de Castro, Milena Oliveira Saldanha Pacífico, Niceane dos Santos Figueiredo Teixeira, Felipe Natan Verde Ferreira, Joelma Conceição Silva Costa, Lucas Garcia Rodrigues, Juliete Andryws Silva Sarges, Diélig Teixeira, Letícia Barbosa Alves, Guilherme Evaristo Dutra Barreto, Fábio Manoel Gomes da Silva, Hennã Cardoso de Lima, Daniel de Sarges Rodrigues, Nara Regina Barbosa Dantas, Milk dos santos Fernandes de Oliveira, Gabriela Cristine Neves Magno, Maressa dos Santos Castro, Maria Lucia Costa dos Santos, Valdenira de Aragão Damasceno, Bruna Carolina da Trindade Monteiro da Silva, Felipe da Silva Reis, Wilmara das Neves Bentes, Fabiane Cristina Nunes da Silva, Thais Cristina Borges Farias, Tamires de Cassia Silva da Cruz, Ana Alice Gomes Da Silva Costa, Elias Costa Monteiro, Elcilane Gomes Silva, Alfredo Cardoso Costa, Gilvana Rodrigues de Oliveira, Jéssica Maíra do Socorro de Moraes Ribeiro, Mirian Fernandes Custódio,Yasmin Gino e Silva, Carla Fernanda Milhomem Soares, Remo Rodrigues Carneiro, Josielma Neco Pina, Paulo Samuel Linhares Figueira, Tatiana Virgolino Guimarães, Bianca Blois Pinheiro Camboim, Márcia Cristina Monteiro dos Reis, Glauce Kelly Ribeiro de Souza, Elaine Cristina Pacheco de Oliveira, Sheyla Cristina Ferreira de Magalhães, Elyade Nelly Pires Rocha Camacho, Marcelo Williams Oliveira de Souza, Enderson Vasconcelos de Lima, Leidiane Araújo Silva, Thamyris Abreu Marinho, Raimunda de Fátima Carvalho Prestes, Vanessa Pimentel Lobato, Patrick Roberto Gomes Abdoral, Larissa Siqueira Rodrigues, Larissa Pereira de Barros Borges, Gleyce Pinto Girard, Francisco Rodrigues Martins, Karla Patrícia Figueirôa Silva, Francinéa de Nazaré Ferreira de Castilho, Djeane Kathe Mascote Leite, Maria Elizabete de Castro Rassy, Nathália Menezes Dias, Wanda Carla Conde Rodrigues, Thicianne da Silva Roque, Carolina de Souza Carvalho Serpa Santos, Everson Vando Melo Matos, Andreia Oliveira Corrêa, Elisângela Claudia de Medeiros Moreira, Simone Aguiar da Silva Figueira, Samanntha Lara da Silva Torres Anaisse, Pollyanne Aparecida Ferreira da Silva, Giselly de Lourdes da Silva Santana, Adriana de Oliveira Lameira Veríssimo, Ranná Barros Souza, Victória Fernanda Barbosa, Geordana Galvão Feitosa, Diego Teles Borges Leal, Camila Ferreira Corrêa, Cleia Nunes Estumano, Maicon de Araujo Nogueira http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/12IJAERS-09202121-Ifit.pdf The aim of this study was to describe the histological feature of cassava flesh at harvest, after cooking and after freezing. A light optical microscopy was used to analyze the relevant aspects of cassava flesh at these statuses. The non-uniform aspect of cooked cassava is associated with the partial dissolution of the middle lamella and the large amount of non-collapsed cells, while the formation of numerous spaces between cells determines the spongy aspect of cassava after freezing. These data increase the knowledge about cassava post harvest and its processing. http://ijaers.com/detail/histological-description-of-fresh-cooked-and-frozen-cassava-flesh/ Priscila Gonzales Figueiredo, Astride Stéphanie Mouafi Djabou, Adalton Mazetti Fernandes, Samuel Carvalho de Aragão, Marcio Teixeira Oliveira, Renno de Abreu Araújo http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/13IJAERS-09202126-Histological.pdf Over time, family farmers have been on the sidelines of public policies that have fostered their development since the colonial period. However, after the promulgation of the Federal Constitution of 1988, added to various social movements that claimed policies that really assist this people, in 1995, the National Family Farming Program (PRONAF) was created, with the objective of enhancing the development of farmers, with an increase in income, quality of life, number of jobs, in addition to the permanence of man in the countryside. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the distribution of PRONAF resources in the state of Pará in the period from 2016 to 2020. Taking into account that in Pará rural establishments are predominantly family farming, corresponding to more than 85%. Therefore, this study found that the state of Pará had a share of more than 21.9% of the resources distributed in the Northern Region in 2020, obtaining expressive growths in the period studied in the costing modality, with emphasis on the livestock activity this year, It is noteworthy that over the period studied there was an increase of 183% in the total value of PRONAF resources financed in the state of Pará, and that in 2020 the state received R$ 490,666,354.83 totaling 12,674 contracts. Furthermore, it is worth noting that the southeast region of Pará was the region that had the greatest increase in receipts of resources from PRONAF in the period studied, 184% between the years 2016 to 2020. That the work of rural extension needs to be implemented more and more in the state, in order to help in the projects and that more resources can be available to small farmers who need it so much. http://ijaers.com/detail/rural-credit-in-family-agriculture-an-analysis-of-the-distribution-of-pronaf-resources-in-par-from-2016-to-2020/ Renno de Abreu Araújo, Samuel Carvalho de Aragão, Márcio Teixeira Oliveira, Viviane Marques Gondim Guedes, Priscila Gonzales Figueiredo http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/14IJAERS-0920219-RuralCredit.pdf Over many years, quilombola communities have been the target of social inequalities, victims of the exclusion process. However, they are symbols of struggles and persistence, which carry with them knowledge reproduced by their ascendants, which ensure the subsistence of their members without degrading sustainability. Thus, they are defined as ethnic-racial groups according to criteria of self-attribution, with their own historical trajectory, endowed with specific territorial relations, with presumption of related black ancestry. Thus, analyzing sustainable rural development from the productive experiences of the Custaneira/Tronco Community, located in the municipality of Paquetá, in the state of Piauí, made it possible to understand its particularities, consequently, also present ways followed by the community, aiming at greater awareness of socio-environmental causes. http://ijaers.com/detail/sustainable-rural-development-productive-experiences-of-quilombola-costneira-tronco-community-municipality-of-paquet-piau/ Lays Gonçalves Santos, José Lincoln Pinheiro Araújo http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/15IJAERS-09202112-Sustainable.pdf In Brazil, in semi-urban and rural regions, the absence of basic sanitation becomes more evident, above all, the lack of sanitary sewage, caused by the high cost of implementation and maintenance of centralized systems with collection networks and sewage treatment plants. Given this reality, decentralized systems have been widely used in semi-urban and rural housing centers, providing treatment with efficiency and low cost, besides having an important role in expanding the care of sewage services, especially in areas devoid of sewage collection networks. This research proposes the integration of theoretical models based on the contributions of researchers to the subject, with the equations established by the technical standards ABNT (NBR 7229/1993) and a (NBR 13969/1997) related to effluent treatment, using the theory present in the literature to size an individual system of treatment of domestic effluents, which meets a single-family residence, seeking to generate knowledge for practical application in localities devoid of sewage collection network. For this, it was designed to form an integrated form, a treatment system containing three reservoirs, with the septic touch initiating the purification process, directed to the liquid part for biological treatment in the anaerobic filter, with anaerobic microorganisms stabilizing the organic matter before final disposal of the effluent in the sink. In general, decentralized systems are considered by several researchers as an efficient solution in the treatment of domestic sewage. NBR 13969/1997 defines the likely ranges of removal of pollutants, according to the type of treatment, where the combined septic tank system and anaerobic filter achieved good results in the removal of (BOD), (DQO), (SNF) and sedimentable solids, increasing treatment efficiency and meeting the parameters for effluent disposal in the environment as permitted by CONAMA Resolution No. 430/2011. Regarding the cost of implementation, the budget was obtained by budget spreadsheets, using the unit prices of the National System of Research of Costs and Indexes of Civil Construction, reference, Recife, July 2021. With the treatment system designed in an integrated way, standing out for the lower cost and smaller built area, reducing the costs of implantation by 28% compared to the system with the separate projected reservoirs. http://ijaers.com/detail/decentralized-domestic-effluent-treatment-system-to-attend-a-single-family-residence/ Adeilton Antonio Silva Celestino, Eduardo Antonio Maia Lins, Daniele de Castro Pessoa de Melo, Diogo Henrique Fernandes da Paz http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/16IJAERS-09202123-Decentralized.pdf Amaranthus paniculates is a pseudo-cereal. It is a potential reservoir of starch and the properties of end-use product are dependent on the starch. As the major component in Amaranthus paniculates is starch it is very necessary to standardize the process for starch isolation for the maximum recovery of starch with minimal impurities. The study was aimed to improve the isolation parameters for the starch extraction using response surface methodology (RSM). The NaOH concentration (0.00 - 0.75 %), sieve mesh size (100 - 300) and steeping time (1 - 24 hrs) were taken as independent variables and starch yield (%), protein (%) and fat (%) were taken as optimizing responses. Quadratic model was used to evaluate the results. The process was optimized at 0.375 % of NaOH concentration, sieve of 300 mesh and steeping time of 24 hrs for the desired results i.e starch yield (39.91%), protein (0.87%) and fat (0.53%) with a desirability level of 1.00 http://ijaers.com/detail/optimization-of-isolation-parameters-for-starch-extraction-from-amaranthus-paniculates-rajgeera-using-response-surface-methodology/ Pooja Yadav, Dr. John Don Bosco http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/17IJAERS-09202125-Optimization.pdf Indicators of global warming encourage us to pursue sustainable consumption, as there is a necessity to resolve the ongoing environmental threat. The best option is to promote green consumption; however, despite varying awareness and contributions on the many benefits of renewable energy, developing countries such as Ghana have yet to fully benefit from it due to skepticism about its exorbitant price. Our study attempted to explore the Theory of Reason action model to understand this phenomenon using five variables (Knowledge, Environmental Concerns, Environmental beliefs, Attitude, and the willingness to pay). We did an in-depth analysis to understand the role each plays in influencing behavior towards green consumption. A partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) methodology was used for statistical analysis. Our results revealed interrelated effects as well as aggregated effects on variables. The domineering element expressed to encourage the willingness to pay for and use solar energy was knowledge and environmental concerns. Ultimately, it provided a framework for the Ghanaian Government and stakeholders on the best strategy to upscale solar energy introduction and to assist decision-makers in developing long-term energy policies to achieve long-term consumption sustainability. http://ijaers.com/detail/the-social-construct-on-the-adoption-of-green-energy-evidence-with-solar-in-ghana/ Ofori Elvis Kwame, Xilong Yao, Gyimah Justice, Mintah Clement, Ofori Manuella, Akuamoah Esme Akosua http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/18IJAERS-09202127-TheSocial.pdf The literature analysis of propagation models has investigated different prediction methods to identify appropriate techniques for this purpose. The predictive algorithms of these models usually deal with large amounts of data, requires a sophisticated computer processing and knowledge, sometimes detailed of the topography of the terrain. For being based on measurements performed at specific locations, empirical models tend not to provide very reliable results when applied to regions that differ significantly from the original region This article proposes a method based on measured data that incorporates the effects of neighborhood on the calculation of received power (dBm) and uses the theory of geostatistics to estimate the extent of the spatial correlation between measurements of samples in the region of interest. The results show that it is possible to identify the vectors with better reception of the signal emitted by the base transceiver station by the spatial perspective of received power measurements (dBm) and to identify homogeneous zones and those zones where the service operator may or may not favor the user. http://ijaers.com/detail/using-geostatistics-to-map-received-power-in-wireless-communication-networks/ Edilberto Rozal, Evaldo Pelaes http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/19IJAERS-09202120-Using.pdf Most large Brazilian institutions working with credit concession use credit models to evaluate the risk of consumer loans. Any improvement in the techniques that may bring about greater precision of a prediction model will provide financial returns to the institution. The first phase of this study introduces concepts of credit and risk. Subsequently, with a sample set of applicants from a large Brazilian financial institution, three credit scoring models are built applying these distinct techniques: Logistic Regression, Neural Networks and Genetic Algorithms. Finally, the quality and performance of these models are evaluated and compared to identify the best. Results obtained by the logistic regression and neural network models are good and very similar, although the first is slightly better. Results obtained with the genetic algorithm model are also good, but somewhat inferior. This study shows the procedures to be adopted by a financial institution to identify the best credit model to evaluate the risk of consumer loans. Use of the best fitted model will favor the definition of an adequate business strategy thereby increasing profits. http://ijaers.com/detail/credit-risk-analysis-applying-logistic-regression-neural-networks-and-genetic-algorithms-models/ Eric Bacconi Gonçalves, Maria Aparecida Gouvêa http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/20IJAERS-08202159-CreditRisk.pdf Weibull distribution is a very useful distribution in survival analysis, lifetime analysis, and reliability analysis. Several methods have been proposed to estimate the parameters of different distributions such as the method of moment, maximum likelihood, etc. In this paper, we analyze the 2-parameter Weibull distribution by simulating data on failure times of a product using the Monte Carlo approach and estimating the parameters of the distribution using the maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) and the least-squares method (LS). These methods were also investigated through applications in reliability analysis. The two approaches of estimating the parameters were compared, and the MLE obtained better performance than the least-squares method when the results for the parameters were assessed using the goodness of fit measures. Also, we obtained the asymptotic distribution of the MLE which was asymptotically efficient as the sample size increases. The inverse of the Fisher’s information matrix which is the asymptotic variance-covariance matrix was also obtained. http://ijaers.com/detail/parameter-estimation-of-the-weibull-distribution-comparison-of-the-least-squares-method-and-the-maximum-likelihood-estimation/ Edward Appau Nketiah, Li Chenlong, Jing Yingchuan, Barbara Dwumah http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/21IJAERS-09202130-Parameter.pdf The distribution and transfer of masticatory loads through prosthetic components, implants and peri-implant bone is a critical issue that can influence the rehabilitation treatment and result in its failure. Thus, this in silico study aimed to evaluate the influence of the transmucosal height of the prosthetic abutment and the diameter of the implants on the biomechanical behavior of dental implants. Two virtual models of 10 mm long Morse taper implants were built combining components with transmucosal (height 1.5 and 2.5 mm) in two diameters of platform (2.9 or 3.3 mm). Each set was positioned in a virtual bone model, where a lower central incisor was designed and exported for mathematical analysis. A 0.50 mm mesh was created after 5 % convergence analysis, and a 50 N load was applied to the incisolingual surface of the prosthetic crown at an angle of 30 °. The stress distribution generated by load was analyzed in the prosthetic components according to the von Mises stress criterion and in the cortical and medullary bones by means of shear stress. The use of an abutment with a 2.5 mm transmucosal height resulted in higher stress concentration values (758.86 and 731.63 MPa, 2.9x10 and 3.3x10 mm respectively) regardless of the diameter of the implant used. The increase in the diameter of the platform (3.3 mm) produced a slight reduction in the shear stress in the cortical bone. The medullary bone was not affected by the implant-pillar relationship. It was concluded that implants with a larger platform diameter and a higher transmucosal height decreased the stress concentration in the implant and in the cortical bone. http://ijaers.com/detail/influence-of-abutment-transmucosal-height-on-biomechanical-behavior-in-narrow-platform-implants/ Jenival Correa de Almeida Júnior, Marco Teixeira Machado, Ygor Carlo de Aguiar Lemos, Ervino Siebel Neto http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/22IJAERS-09202131-Influence.pdf The labor legislation today serves to guide employers and employees to fulfill their duties and help them to understand their rights. With the changes, we can analyze the impact that legislation can have on certain segments, with this research being focused on the elaboration aimed at the civil construction segment. Therefore, the objective of this article is to demonstrate the impacts related to the reform in labor processes in the civil construction segment. The approach to the specific objectives was divided as follows: a) Conduct a survey with a company in the civil construction sector of the main labor processes in the 2017 period; and b) Present the impacts caused by the labor reform in these processes. The research is characterized as bibliographical, conducting a survey through a documentary format, in a descriptive way and developing qualitative analyses. Through the last labor reform, there was greater flexibility in agreements between the parties, that is, between employers and employees, bringing the power of choice with greater relevance taking into account the benefit of both parties according to the style of signed contract, being an employment relationship or via a simple service provision contract. http://ijaers.com/detail/the-impacts-related-to-labor-reform-in-the-civil-construction-segment/ Tayane Bortolato Mazuco, Ariadne dos Santos Massaro, Jose Arilson de Souza, Elder Gomes Ramos, Joelson Agostinho de Pontes, Leonardo Severo da Luz Neto http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/23IJAERS-0920213-TheImpacts.pdf Currently, stress is considered one of the main health problems that has been gaining importance, due to the proportion of its impact on people's lives. The objective of the research was to verify the main stress factors among nurses in the urgency and emergency sector and their influence on nursing care. Methodology: qualitative-quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional field research, whose sample consisted of 30 nurses. For data collection, a form prepared by the researchers was used, containing questions about sociodemographic and occupational characteristics of nurses, open questions to verify the influence of stress on nursing care, and to investigate the main stressors in nurses, an instrument was used. adapted from the “Nurses Stress Inventory”. Results: the research revealed that situations that generate stress are mainly associated with the lack of human resources (90%) and materials (80%), both pointed out by nurses as being often or always stressful factors. These factors and the work overload combined with the professional's unpreparedness are recognized by most nurses as a negative influence on work and on the care provided to the patient. Conclusion: the results indicate that nurses working in the urgency and emergency sector are exposed to stressful situations that can compromise the care provided to the client. The identification of these stressors is essential for the development of strategies that alleviate the stressors, providing better working conditions, humanization and safety in health care. http://ijaers.com/detail/stressing-factors-in-nurses-who-work-in-the-sector-of-urgency-and-emergency/ Laís Alves, Lorrayne Silva Santos, Katiany Tamara Andrade Batista, Gleison Faria, Silmara Machado dos Santos, Alexandra Alves de Carvalho, Gilvan Salvador Junior, Suzana Nogueira, Marcia Gisele Peixoto Kades, Francielly Maira Bordon, Tarcísio Donizette Pichek http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/24IJAERS-09202136-Stressingfactors.pdf Concern for the environment is a recurrent aspect in any agricultural scenario under discussion and sustainability has taken on proportions of a wide debate reaching the most diverse markets, including the wine chain. From this reality began to emerge the labeling diversity of wines such as: organic, biodynamic and natural, demonstrating a growing interest of consumers in these products and producers in meeting this demand. The entire production chain, from grapes to wine, has been looking for more sustainable solutions so that wine exploration can last and impact the environment less and less. For a better understanding of this new panorama, of terms and products, the present work had as main objective to carry out a bibliographical review through consultation of scientific works published in areas related to the proposed theme, using key words to the theme that resulted in this article of review. http://ijaers.com/detail/natural-organic-and-biodynamic-wines-sustainability-in-the-production-chain/ Mariana Barros de Almeida, Mayara M. M. da Luz Pires Brandão, Jussara Adolfo Moreira, Gertrudes Macário de Oliveira, Jairton Fraga Araújo http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/25IJAERS-09202139-Naturalorganic.pdf The United Nations Organization, through the 2030 Agenda, established as a global pact to end poverty in all its dimensions the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), also contemplate actions aimed at protecting the environment and mitigating climate change. The principle of organic agriculture is to establish production systems based on a set of procedures that relate plant, soil and climatic conditions, without the use of polluting inputs, such as synthetic agrochemicals. This study aims to identify the perception of organic agriculture practitioners in the São Francisco Valley region regarding the relationship of their practices with the SDGs. Bibliographic analysis, technical visit and interviews with producers were carried out. It was found that, although in their daily activities they adopt practices related to the goals established in the SDGS, most were unaware of such goals. There was acknowledgement of the importance and need to carry out more actions in favor of the SDGs. From this perspective, it is suggested that more actions are taken to sensitize society, in order to understand the SDGs, as well as their purposes, and thus achieve a better quality of life for all. http://ijaers.com/detail/sustainable-development-goals-and-an-interface-with-organic-agriculture/ Jussara Adolfo Moreira, Mariana Barros de Almeida, Paulo Eduardo Rolim Campos, Nathália Maria Laranjeira Barbosa, Marcos Vinícius Furtado Gomes, Edvando Manoel de Souza, Ana Rosa Peixoto, Jairton Fraga Araújo http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/26IJAERS-09202135-Sustainable.pdf Objective: The aim of this research is to map the scientific evidence on drug-induced hepatotoxicity in COVID-19.Method:This is an integrative literature review study, through a systematic search performed by the reviewers to identify all relevant studies on the different causes of liver failure in patients with COVID-19, published from June 16, 2021 to July 27, 2021.Results and Discussion: After analyzing the articles, six categories emerged, namely: 1) Drug-induced liver injury; 2) hepatotoxicity caused by Hydroxochloroquine in COVID-19; 3) the hepatotoxicity caused by Ivermectin in COVID-19; 4) hepatotoxicity caused by Tocilizumab in COVID-19; 5) hepatotoxicity caused by Azithromycin in COVID-19; 6) the hepatotoxicity caused by Remdesivir in COVID-19. Conclusion: COVID-19 has put the health systems of many countries under great pressure and has been particularly challenging due to the lack of predictive parameters and effective pharmacotherapies for the treatment of COVID-19 in advanced liver disease. Despite the common descriptions of liver enzyme alterations observed in patients with COVID-19, the frequency, intensity and impact of liver damage are discreet and of little clinical significance in relation to morbidity or mortality of this disease. http://ijaers.com/detail/drug-induced-hepatotoxicity-in-covid-19/ Leticia Almeida de Assunção, Luiz Euclides Coelho de Souza Filho, Caroline Lobato Rodrigues, Alzinei Simor, Angélica Menezes Bessa Oliveira, Rita de CássiaGóes Brabo http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/27IJAERS-09202140-Drug-Induced.pdf This essay aims to present High School and undergraduate pupils and teacher’s perception as online platform users for remote classes at Brazil. Thus, researches have been conducted through an online questionnaire which made it possible to confirm that perceptions regarding the use (usability) and the emotions (psychological) are caused by this type of teaching. The aim of this study is to diagnose the positive and the negative points that the users showed while interacting in remote classes, their suggestions and their notes for improvements. http://ijaers.com/detail/new-technologies-in-education-digital-platforms-usability/ Juliana Bononi, Paula Rodrigues Napo, Ekaterina Emmanuil Inglesis Barcellos, Galdenoro Botura Junior http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/28IJAERS-09202119-New.pdf The basic principle of the protection philosophy is to select, coordinate, adjust and allocate the various equipment and protective devices in an electrical system to keep a specific relationship between them. An abnormality in the system can be isolated or removed without affecting other parts of the system. Another concern linked to protection systems is the efficiency of the distribution network at critical moments: many consumers can remain without electricity supply after the protection system has operated. Thus, the time spent by maintenance teams in locating the point of occurrence of the fault and preparing a diagnosis of the problem and corrective or even preventive measures should be as little as possible.This paper presents a methodology for detecting and classifying short-circuit faults in power distribution systems. An artificial neural network is applied to categorize short circuit types. The pre-processing of signals is carried out through the fractional Fourier transform, a variation of the Fourier transform, which allows the representation of signals in the domains between time and frequency. The developed system showed accuracy in all tests performed, detecting faults, classifying and identifying the phase affected by single-phase and two-phase faults. http://ijaers.com/detail/short-circuit-classification-using-the-discrete-fractional-fourier-transform-and-artificial-neural-network/ Leonardo Audalio Ferreira do Nascimento, Viviane Barrozo da Silva, Antonio Carlos Duarte Ricciotti, Júlio Sancho Teixeira Militão, Hebert Sancho Garcez Militão, Daniela de Araújo Sampaio, Sandra da Cruz Garcia do Espírito Santo Aguiar, Júlio César Ribeiro, Mauren Pomalis Coelho da Silva http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/29IJAERS-09202134-Short.pdf The South Atlantic Convergence Zone (SACZ) is the main meteorological system responsible for the occurrence of regular rains in almost the entire central and southeastern region of Brazil in rainy season. During the January 2020 these complex system has generate severe storms especially in Minas Gerais state. These intense episodes of precipitation induced real catastrophes and numerous impacts throughout Metropolitan Region of Belo Horizonte (MRBH) like overflow of water courses and destruction of road systems with closure of major avenues, causing deaths due to flooding or landslide and very high economic losses. The Belo Horizonte City recorded the highest intensity of rain measured in one hundred and twelve years of hydro-meteorological monitoring. The aim of this paper is the analysis of temporal and spatial distribution of rainy 24 and 28 January recorded at 46 automatic weather stations (AWS). These were the worst of all storms recorded at MRBH. In the temporal analysis, were applied the regional IDF relationships, the regional annual frequency curves with dimensionless intensities, and synthetic time-distribution graphs of rainfall or hyetographs. To verify the spatial distribution of these storms some statistical tools from the QGIS software were applied with the isohyets maps drawing. These shown that at the south-central portion of the city high-value isohyets conforms approximately to the high elevations on the windward slope, thus reflecting the prevalent direction of humidity inflow and the role of regional orography in the process of intensifying short-time rains. http://ijaers.com/detail/temporal-and-spatial-distribution-of-storms-on-january-24th-and-28th-2020-in-belo-horizonte-minas-gerais-brazil/ Marcia Maria Guimarães http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/30IJAERS-09202128-Temporal.pdf With memorandum circular no. 2016-1 dated May 12, 2016 that was issued by the Philippine Administrative Order (AO) No. 25 Inter-Agency Task Force, establishing a Quality Management System (QMS) to adopt the ISO 9001:2015, had been mandatory to government agencies. The study assessed the ISO 9001:2015 implementation of quality assurance (QA) management in terms of context of organization, leadership, planning, support, operation, performance evaluation and improvement. The study used quantitative descriptive design. The respondents for each university 10 members chose randomly coming from the Quality Assurance department. On the assessment of the SUC’s Quality Assurance Management towards the implementation of the ISO 9001:2015, it was revealed that SUCs scored high on the different clauses such as context of organization, leadership, planning, support, operation, performance evaluation, and improvement. Among these clauses, the context organization got the highest mean where the emphasis is on determining the external and internal issues that are relevant to its purpose and determined the needs and expectation of interested parties that are relevant to the QMS. For state universities and colleges, ISO 9001:2015 implementation is a clear evaluation indicator if an institution organizes a standard implementation of their processes and procedures in all their programs such as academic, training and research. Thus, it is recommended that higher educational institutions should be required to undergo ISO 9001:2015 certification to fully meet the satisfaction of the clienteles they serve. http://ijaers.com/detail/iso-9001-2015-implementation-of-state-university-and-colleges-sucs-in-region-3-philippines/ Kim Edward S. Santos, Crisanto D. De Jesus, Engr. Rolando P. Corpuz, Merlina C. Garcia http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/31IJAERS-0120228-ISO.pdf