Volume 9 Number 2 (February )

Anti-AGE Antioxidants: The Relationship between Free Radicals and Advanced Glycation End-products

Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) are molecules both directly and indirectly responsible for many geriatric diseases. Some individuals may accumulate more AGEs than others due to several factors, individuals who accumulate more AGEs tend to manifest diseases such as Alzheimer's, arteriosclerosis and type 2 diabetes earlier in life. Free radicals have direct and indirect influence on the amount of serum and tissue AGEs, which leads to the question of whether the effects of AGEs can be attenuated by using exogenous and endogenous antioxidants. In this paper, we conducted a literature review on the compositions, origins, and associated pathologies of AGEs, in addition to the combat and prevention by antioxidants. Thirty-five scientific papers published between 1994 and 2021 in English and Portuguese were identified via SciELO, PubMed, Elsevier and Scopus. Through this review, we conclude that the direct and indirect relationship between AGEs and free radicals is a fact and no longer a speculation. In addition, there are studies that have been able to show the efficiency of some antioxidants in controlling specific AGEs, now commonly referred to as anti-AGEs antioxidants.

Assisted Education for Children with Chronic Diseases in Long Stay Hospitality

Luciano Ribeiro Helvecio, Daniel Rodrigues Silva Silva

Some a priori criteria are fundamental in order to indicate an alternative for the educational assistance offered to hospitalized children with chronic pathology so that they can rely on systematic and recognized actions. In this sense, this qualitative research was carried out with health professionals and education professionals who perform this type of service. We can observe that the educator is given the role of looking for ways to identify how best to achieve the educational results of this person, parents and health professionals are emphasizing the importance of information about the child's chronic disease, observing the influence of the programs of education in a way that produces more benefits in terms of understanding and caring for children. Our focus is on understanding how the State should take the necessary measures so that the right to education of children with chronic diseases is respected and fulfilled. Since education is everyone's right, and far from any discrimination, hospitalized children must be able to take this right as a fundamental guarantee for their intellectual development. At the end of the study, we qualitatively evaluate the possibilities that such practices have in offering and providing the students with better and more modern conditions of study and, at the same time, knowing the teaching methods that allow an alternative form and effective education programs even though they are the patient undergoing medical care. From these premises.

A Proposal for an Anthropic Indicator Based on Amazon Community Analysis

This work aims to produce indicators according to the perception of residents of communities and ecosystems of the Amazon biome, through the collection and analysis of the results of a form in which they express their impressions about events and practices of anthropization. The results found allowed the application of the analytical method of decision making (Analytic Hierarchy Process â€“ AHP), to indicate the degree of anthropization of the people surveyed on a hierarchical scale, according to the syntagma of the three ordering axes of the themes of the form. The contribution allows the generation of correlation models, which help the understanding of the relationship between humans and the environment and the level of anthropic perception of those involved.

Health care organizations: How to achieve excellence in care?

Health care organizations have a duty to provide quality care to their users and to consider patient safety as a first. However, there are several elements to consider as essential for achieving excellence in service, which will be discussed in this work. As an objective, the present study seeks to list the main elements that contribute to an organization of health care to have excellence in the provision of its services and, to deepen the discussion about the alignment and cohesion of the teams. Methodologically, this is a qualitative, exploratory and bibliographic research, in which a bibliographic review of the last five years was carried out in scientific articles and reference sites, analyzed in January 2022, using the following descriptors: organizations of health, excellence, evidence-based medicine and team training. As a result, it can be seen that health organizations need to retain their employees so that they are co-responsible for the success or not of the organization. Through the feeling of belonging, empowerment and horizontality, this loyalty occurs more naturally and the members of the group start to always act in search of the best, of excellence in service to their customers.

The use of Instruments that Facilitate understanding and Correct Analysis of Indicators in Hospital Management: An Integrative Literature Review

The aim of this study is to analyze whether there is an instrument that can facilitate the understanding and correct analysis of indicators in hospital management. The Strategic planning methodology in the Balanced Score Card (BSC) method, started in 1990 by professors Robert Kaplan and David Norton with a research project in the corporate world, which ended up being used and adapted for public administration. The management indicators, directly interfere in the institution's planning, a result provided by the indicators, allow for a critical analysis of the data and later the deployment of corrective, preventive or improvement action plans. It is a descriptive study and developed through an integrative literature review (RIL) where no production was found that demonstrated any instrument used to guide the manager to understand the indicators, the articles found, point to the need for education permanent, it was evidenced that although the majority of the managers affirm that they understand the indicators, they make little use of the information for decision purposes in their management, it was also stated that the lack of time contributes to the team not complying with the collection and analysis routine indicators. It is necessary to innovate management, looking for tools to evaluate and monitor its indicators.

Perspectives of innovation in small companies in Brazil

Brazilian Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) represent more than 98% of the total active companies in the country in 2021. The role of process innovation should receive special attention, which leads us to write this article to measure the Dimensions of Innovation in companies today. The Innovation Radar was applied to support the tool model of the diagnostic method, which was established to perform data analysis with the needs of each organization. Through this methodology, analyzing the 12 Dimensions of Innovation, described by Mohanbir Sawhney (2006), and adapted by Bachmann & Destefani (2008), a sample of 20 SMEs from the manufacturing segment is used, in the southern region of SÃ£o Paulo, which is the largest city in the Americas. The fieldwork of the research, in loco. The function was to promote recommendations and collaboration, to improve opportunities to be replicated in other organizations with similar challenges. The focus of the contributions of this work are the Dimensional Processes, since most participants presented common results, however, as a survival strategy, all of them found the need to differentiate themselves from their competitors. Also noteworthy is the focus on the greater Sao Paulo region, an important economic hub in Latin America.

Sustainable Finance: A Bibliometric Study of Real Options as a Financial Tool for Making Geothermal Renewable Energy Feasible

Michel Becker, Dr. Rogerio Lacerda, Dr. Marcus Vinicius Andrade de Lima

The finance, investment, and renewable energy (RE) sectors are fundamental to any climate change program and the relationship among them has been a topic of growing interest. Financial assessments have hampered geothermal energy development and a real options approach could contribute to making it more feasible. This article aims to expand the understanding of investments and real options in geothermal power plants, selecting relevant studies on the subject and performing their bibliometric analysis. The real options theory is known for increasing the value of projects under uncertainty by modelling their flexibility in response to changes in their environment. It could be used to address environmental issues in the context of geothermal energy, which is a source of continuous low-carbon energy and heat. A structured process was used for the selection and analysis of the studies. The Pro Know-C literature was searched on the Scopus and WoS databases, with investment analysis and renewable energy as core topics. The articles found were systematically sorted, resulting in a bibliographic portfolio (BP) of 25 articles, which supported the bibliometric analyses. The highlights of the bibliometric analyses are: a) journals - Energy Policy, Energy Economics, and Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews; b) authors - Ferreira, P. participated in 3 studies in the selected BP and Fleten, S. E. participated in more than 10 studies listed in the BP references; and c) articles - (Boomsma et al., 2012) and (Fernandes et al., 2011) led the ranking of academic relevance.

Wind Complexes Environmental Licensing in Bahia backwoods ridges, Brazilian Semiarid

Bahiaâ€™s backwoods ridges belong to a mountain range called â€œSerra do EspinhaÃ§oâ€ which historically are explored by regular or clandestine mining companies. Since the beginning of 2010â€™s decade, the abundance of wind has attracted companies interested in the use of it for energy generation. Nevertheless, these ridges also are part of recharging zones that supplies important water reservoirs in Brazilianâ€™s semiarid and Caatingaâ€™s region. The ridges riches awoke interest in some companies who insist to explore in a predatory way, and take advantages of Stateâ€™s regulatory flexibility, violating stability, and compromising essential ecosystem services in Brazilian semiarid region. The use of renewable energies is not free from environmental impacts. Scientists and social organizations denounce serious problems related to the licenses and operations of the wind enterprises, who, by the way, have been investigated by Bahiaâ€™s Public Prosecutor's Office. It is important to evaluate and describe the consequences of implementing these wind farms, whose defects threaten local communities. This research is based on the Environmental Information System of Bahiaâ€™s State and intends to analyze qualitative and quantitatively and describe some failures identified in environmental licensing processes for wind projects. This study also aims to analyse the modus operandi of the energy sector companies related to the communities that live together with this kind of undertaking in a region known as an important center of biodiversity and endemism. The researched region contributes to the water supply of about one million people in the Brazilian semiarid region.

Socio-environmental effects linked to industrial and port activities in Barcarena, ParÃ¡, Brasil: the case of Cuipiranga, ilha Trambioca

Diellen Dias de Queiroz, Gracilene Ferreira Pantoja, Yvens Ely Martins Cordeiro

This research aimed to diagnose and analyze the socio-environmental effects related to industrial and port activities in the municipality of Barcarena, ParÃ¡ in the Cuipiranga community, Trambioca Island from the eyes of residents living in this territory. The methodological procedure was carried out the field research, with the collection of data occurred with eighteen (18) residents, through online questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. For data analysis, triangulation of methods was used. The results of the research reveal that the great estimate of environmental accidents that occurred at the site caused by industrial and port companies, have affected the life, health, source of income and traditional knowledge of the community, therefore, it is noticeable that these accidents affected an entire social organization in which residents are inserted, exemplifying the situation of the environment that has been altered and, community way of life.

The role of the health professional in chemotherapy treatment in elderly patients

Cancer in the elderly is not just worrying because it is cancer, when there is the development of cancer at an advanced age, other factors end up being taken into account, so that everything is a risk. The objective of the study is to evaluate the role of the health professional in the chemotherapy treatment of elderly patients. The methodology used was the bibliographic review, evaluating texts related to the present subject. In the elderly, the art of persuasion is essential, considering that, often, the elderly, upon discovering that they have cancer, end up refusing to undergo treatment because they think it is not worth it, since they have lived for a long time. So health professionals such as nurses, doctors, pharmacists, psychologists and among other professionals who should try to influence the change of patient opinion in addition to being prepared to support everyone around. The nurse, being the professional with the longest contact time with the patient, must be attentive to every detail, since several complications, due to age, can be recurrent. During chemotherapy, the already fragile health of the elderly tends to get worse, making the entire recovery process difficult. Thus, it is concluded that the health professional is fundamental as a base of support and care for the elderly who develop cancer and undergo chemotherapy.

Palliative Care in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A View of Comprehensive Care

Objective: Discuss through a literature review about the need for palliative care for patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Method: An integrative literature review was adopted, since it contributes to the process of systematization and analysis of results, aiming at the understanding of a certain topic, based on other independent studies. This is a study with a qualitative approach, to identify productions on the topic of palliative care in patients with ALS. Results: The involvement of palliative care clinics composed of doctors, nurses, physiotherapists, speech therapists, psychologists and nutritionists promote programmed and continuous actions that can increase survival and improve comfort at the end of life in ALS. The integration of palliative care into health systems benefits the user by increasing access to this care and can also strengthen health systems, as it results in benefits that spread and improve the quality of care. Final Considerations: The care of ALS patients is complex, however, as the disease burden increases, access to these specialist clinics can become difficult or impossible for the patient. Understanding the current multidisciplinary team paradigm to include collaborations with local providers, including palliative care physicians and allied healthcare providers, can ensure that patient needs are met throughout the course of illness, especially during terminal illness.

The Teacher's Knowledge/Doing About Active methodologies for meaningful Learning in Higher Education: An Integrative Review

Objective: Map the scientific evidence about the knowledge and actions of university professors about active methodologies and describe the perception and opinion about the modes of organization, methodological approaches and evaluation systems that define the teaching-learning process. Method: This is an integrative literature review, in which 11 articles were selected from the Google Scholar, SciELO and PubMed databases, by fulfilling the requirements established in the eligibility criteria and answering the research question. Results: The findings were categorized into 1) Benefits of applying active methodologies in higher education; 2) Knowledge of professors working in higher education about active methodologies; 3) Practices of active faculty in higher education on active methodology. Final Considerations: Promoting active learning is not an easy task to be achieved and teachers play a fundamental role in its implementation process.

Hydrologic data base Management Analysis of Small Islands in the River Region of Maluku

Silwanus M Talakua, Obednego D Nara

In order to optimize and develop water resource management, accurate data is needed for regional development. The data is compiled in the form of a database which is a support for the development of the water resource potential of small islands in Maluku River Region. The purpose of this study is to display a database of infrastructure in the form of Rainfall Posts, Climatology Posts, Water estimation posts, pond distribution data, weir distribution data and water quality in Ambon-Seram, Buru, Kei-Aru Islands and Yamdena-Wetar Islands by using the ArcGIS application. The result of the database is a supporting tool in the managing Hydrology and data at Maluku River Region Hall by providing information in the form of graphical data and distribution map.

Reduction of Axial Forces in Column in Multistoried Building using Optimum Size Approach at Earthquake Zone III

Nitesh Kushwaha, Arvind Vishwakarma

In India, construction plays a very important role with the introduction of high-rise structures that has been increasing gradually. Along with this, the structure should be strong enough that each element should be economic and strong. The Reduction of Axial forces in Columns in Multistory building using Optimum size change approach is a new idea. It reduces the size of columns at the different levels of the building to reduce its self-weight. On other hand, the structural weight should be minimized when the self-weight of the same will be reduced and proved to be an economic structure. In this project a G+13 Storey structure is analyzed using six different cases named as OS Case A to OS Case F assumed to be situated in seismic Zone III. The plinth area is in use as 625 m2 and all the cases have compared with each parameter. The project concluded that efficient Case is OS Case E on comparing 6 maximum axial force reduction cases that ultimately reduce the overall cost of the project.

Microcultures and the nationalist speech

Marcelo Manoel de Sousa, SaraÃ PatrÃcia Schmidt

This article was about the theme of national cultural identity and the effects on microcultures. Its objective was to discuss about the constitutive processes of an imagined community and its influences on microcultures. The theoretical/methodological foundation was supported, among others, in the studies of: Anderson (2008), who discuss the concept of imagined community, national consciousness; Bachelard (2008), with the metaphor of the house, basement, attic; Hall (2014, 2019) and the concepts of erasure (X), cultural identity, national identity; Bhabha (1998), based on the idea of ambivalence; Bauman (1999), with the concept of the nation-state; Said (2004, 2011) and out of place concepts, overlapping identity, territory, intertwined histories, structure of attitudes and behaviors, imperialism; and Maingueneau (2015), especially the concept of discursive ethos. It was a qualitative research, with an exploratory approach. The results showed that there is an active process of decentering the conception of a fixed national identity. And, because of this character, it seeks, by different means, to limit the expression of cultural differences of gender, class, sexuality, religiosity.

Environmental Related Disputes on Trade Issues in GATT and WTO from 1982-2002

DAJIO Blessing LEIF

The General Agreement on Tariff and Trade/World Organization (GATT/WTO) is perceived as one of the few multilateral institutions dealing with trade and environment issues that has the means to settle trade-related environmental disputes unlike, for example, United Nations Environmental Program, (UNEP), United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) or the Commission on Sustainable Development. In the light of this, many perceive the GATT/WTO as the institution that will eventually deal with and resolve trade and environment issues. The paper took a birdâ€™s eye view of the WTO Dispute Settlement Mechanism (DSM) on the environmental issues. It seeks to evaluate how far GATT/WTO provisions aid in settlement of environmental related disputes on trade issues by highlights the efficacy and the benefits of the DSM and its importance as a tool for developing countries to defend their interests when nullified or impaired by other Members, in particular developed country Members, while identifying the difficulties faced. The fact that WTO cannot adequately provide an equal solution to environmental trade disputes, expectations from environmentalists may often be too high. The WTO Secretariat itself emphasizes â€œthat the WTO is not fully environmental protection agency. This has raised contradiction under the organization which this paper intends to investigate. To achieve this objective and to deal with research problem, we undertook desk research in libraries, relevant documentation centers, and internet website which enable to review existing literature on the question. The findings reveal that even though some of the WTO provisions are competence for policy coordination in this area is limited to trade policies, and those trade-related aspects of environmental policies which may result in a significant effect on trade, but it is grossly lacking at the level of settlement of environmental related disputes on trade issues.

Agricultural Land Utilization for Beef Cattle Business Development in Kediri City (Retracted Article)

Rizky Putra Bakti Purnama, Siti Azizah, Siti Chuzaemi

This study aims to analyze the changes and potential of agricultural land within a period of 5 years to develop a beef cattle business in the Kediri City using the concept of urban agriculture which is adapted to local regulations based on land mapping and baseline scenarios. The results of this study were changed in the function of agricultural land in 2014 and 2019 due to the addition of dry land area and reduction of paddy fields based on the results of overlayed mapping of agricultural land in 2014 and 2019. In this land suitability mapping, Kediri City was very suitable for rice fields and dry fields and deserves to be developed except in the area around the mountains in Mojoroto Sub-District. The land carrying capacity of rice straw and corn straw were very low at the assumptions of taking 20%, 35%, and 50% and does not meet the needs of beef cattle feed with the overall carrying capacity index criterion value was < 1. Utilization of agricultural land for beef cattle business development results in perceptions of feed processing equipment, business costs, economy, rat pests, waste products, laws and regulations, urban forests, business permits, other industries, food security, laboratories, agricultural land, employment opportunities, animal feed, development, government, protection, farmers and breeders, beef cattle farm, and farm pollution.

Analysis and elaboration of lemon balms teas (melissa officinali l.) in SÃ£o Gabriel da Cachoeira-AM

The diversity of plants in the Alto Rio Negro region and the traditional knowledge of indigenous peoples on the consumption of medicinal plants for the cure of diseases are factors that justify the need to expand knowledge about these practices, especially about forms of consumption. The IFAM CSGC carried out the research on sensory analysis with the Institution's workers and students, evaluating the Lemon Balm species (Melissa Officinalis L.), aiming to prepare and evaluate the Lemon Balm tea by the academic community of the IFAM Campus SÃ£o Gabriel da Cachoeira, Amazonas. Tea is the most consumed food for the treatment of various illnesses in the region, mainly as a natural tranquilizer. To prepare the tea, three techniques were used: infusion, decoction, and maceration. For the sensorial analysis, the hedonic scale was used, according to the methodology of Monteiro (1984). The research on Lemon Balm tea resulted in high levels of sensory acceptability, highlighting the infusion technique by workers, and the decoction technique among students, in which the "age" factor may have influenced the results, as adult individuals tend to show loss of some organoleptic characteristics such as aroma and flavor, and young individuals do not yet have these characteristics fully developed.

Spatio-temporal dynamics of land use in the municipality of Tori-Bossito in southern Benin

The municipality of Tori-Bossito in southern Benin has been experiencing a change in its natural environment for several decades. It is important to understand it for a better development. The purpose of this study is to analyze the spatio-temporal dynamics of land use in this municipality from 1990 to 2018. The method adopted is based on the diachronic analysis of land use from Landsat images of 1990, 2000 and sentinel 2A of 2018. The cartographic results allowed the establishment of land use maps of the municipality and to carry out area calculations and curves. The analysis of the dynamics of land use shows an evolutionary trend of essentially regressive plant formations. The portions of fields and fallow land under palm trees fell from 22,409 ha in 1990 to 2,026 ha in 2018, i.e. a regression rate of 62.14%. On the other hand, crop and fallow mosaics increased from 9,213 ha in 1990 to 27,611 ha in 2018 with a growth rate of 55.09%. The agglomerations varied from 316 ha in 1990 to 2082 ha in 2018 or 5.38%. All this leads to a change in the landscape. The factors of this degradation are the increase in population, the development of agricultural activities especially the production of pineapple, the proximity of the commune to the economic capital of Benin and the establishment of adequate road infrastructure.

Perceptions of Teachers of Higher Education of Law in Nanuque-MG before the Student Performance Exam Enade

Larissa Dolores Figueiredo Mendes, Daniel Rodrigues Silva

Enade aims to assess the knowledge of graduates in undergraduate courses in Brazil, knowing the importance of this exam, We decided to delve deeper into the matter. Thus, this article will highlight the perceptions of law professors at the Centro UniversitÃ¡rio de Caratinga - Campus Nanuque-MG about Enade. The Federal Government has specific actions aimed at guaranteeing the quality of higher education, and over the years there have been an improvement in the ways of evaluating from different angles of teaching, the institution and student learning, so that today we have introduced the National Student Performance Exam (Enade), with this assessment purpose. The Enade evaluation process occurs cyclically, every three years. Recognizing the importance of this assessment for the entire higher education institution (HEI). Aspects related to Bloom's Taxonomy guide the elaboration of the Enade assessment and all assessments of the INEP system. Bloom's original taxonomy provides six categories of the cognitive domain: knowledge, understanding, application, analysis, synthesis and assessment. With the material studied, this article aims to propose actions to improve the training of law graduates, in addition to serving as a guide for several decisions to improve the proposed process.

Determinants of Productivity in Brazil: An empirical analysis of the period 1996-2021

Hugo Ferreira Braga Tadeu, Jersone Tasso Moreira Silva

Empirical studies regarding the determinants of productivity in developing countries, including Brazil, have demonstrated the negative impact of high inflation rates on the industrial capacity. However, the recent Brazilian experience clearly shows that stabilization since 1996, in and of itself, is not capable of recovering the investment rates. With this in mind, this study's goal is to answer, with the help of econometric simulation models, the questions: (i) what are the key-drivers to assess the Brazilian economy since 1996?; and (ii) what are the key-factors to be considered when investments are made, particulary in productivity? To answer the questions we evaluated the impacts of macro-economic variables on private investments, using a strategic bias and a long term vision plan. The estimates demonstrate empirical crowding-in evidence of public investments in infrastructure over private investments as a real impact to productivity. As for public invetsments (non-infrastructural) we suggest that the crowding-in impact dislocates private investments. All these indicators were obtained as presented in the therory, with the exception of the real interest rates variable (r), in which we observed that the coefficient is positive and insignificant in the estimated equation.

Bakassi Women in Cross-Border Trade with Nigeria (1963 to 2016): Motivations and Constraints

Ngoufo Sogang ThÃ©odore, Ebai Bakow Abigail

Bakassi, a peninsula rich in petroleum and natural gas, is Cameroonâ€™s, after a lingering border dispute over it with Nigeria which saw Cameroon emerging triumphant. As expected, a large extent of the peninsulaâ€™s historiography has been pretty conflict-based than otherwise. It is within this basis that the underlying article explores yet an existent but casually exploited field â€“ the experience of cross-border trade in the peninsula. Likewise, Cameroonâ€™s reluctant enthusiasm to make gender-equalized evaluations of trade inspired the spotlight of this research on the female gender. It is in this light that the write-up aims at delving into the reasons why the women of Bakassi (in the Cameroon side), ventured into cross-border trade with Nigeria between the years 1963 and 2016 as well as the different constraints witnessed in doing so. Relying on primary and secondary sources while consuming other disciplines where indispensable, the article depended on the thematic, chronological and descriptive models of analysis accordingly. From the objectives and methods adapted, the results of our findings proved that during the years under reflection, historical relationships, intermarriages, differences in natural resource base, differences in prices, devaluation of the Nigerian currency and the economic crisis of the 1980s all motivated Bakassi women to undertake the trade. As for the obstacles faced in the process, they varied from the economic standpoint to socio-cultural restrains. The economic hindrances included corruption, piracy, theft, fraud, price instability, transport and communication network problems and inadequate capital while the socio-cultural obstructions were mainly illiteracy, inadequate access to information and traditional prejudices.

Food Selectivity and Nutritional Conduct in Children with ASD: An Integrative Review

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a condition characterized by difficulty in social interaction, in addition to affecting the development of language and communication. Food selectivity is one of the outstanding characteristics in this group, generating significant nutritional deficiencies in children and adolescents with ASD. The objective of this integrative review was to verify, through the available literature, aspects related to the eating behavior and health of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Developed in was developed in six steps: 1. elaboration of the research question, 2. definition of the sources of selection of primary studies and the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 3. definition and extraction of data, 4. evaluation of the included studies, 5 â€¢ critical analysis of the results, 6. presentation of the synthesis of the evidence found. According to the results presented, about eating problems, it was evidenced that children with Autism Spectrum Disorder are more prone to the development of food selectivity and micronutrient deficiency than children with typical development. In addition to requiring greater involvement and frequency of their parents/caregivers concerning their peers during meals. As is evident the presence of risky eating practices within this group, occurring more frequently among children with ASD than among neurotypical children. Thus, it is suggested the production of more studies on the subject and the development of public policies that cover this group.

The cause of Kabul's environmental problems is its impact on economic and human health

A careful examination of the current situation of shows that the Kabul capital of Afghanistan suffers from many environmental problems such as solid waste management, Destruction of protected areas, and air/water pollution. over the past two decades, are acceleration in urbanization, population growth, poverty, war, unhealthy management, and the government's lack of attention to the environment are the main causes of environmental problems in Kabul, at cause A rapid increase in energy consumption, Fossil fuels, and biofuels, and motorization, Elimination of green areas. main air pollution Particulate matter (PM) is the most serious air pollutant in Kabul levels were several times higher than the World Health Organization. one-third of its population has access to the water supply network. public sanitation system does not exist in the city, which leads to contamination of the groundwater in the city. Another major environmental problem in Kabul is the management of solid waste, as well as wastewater management, which has polluted the soil and air/water, there is no type of wastewater treatment without any treatment wastewater entering the stream. also, there is no solid waste collection, disposal, and recycling mismanagement in Kabul. According to assessments, air/water pollution, solid waste and wastewater pollution is the cause of death and morbidity also have an economic effect. Environmental problems can be curbed by enforcing environmental laws Cooperation between the government and national and international organizations and people's participation in protecting the environment.

Educational technology to guide self-care for elderly patients at hospital discharge to the home: An integrative review

Objective: To identify in the scientific literature the educational technologies used in self-care guidance for elderly patients at home discharge. Method: An integrative literature review study, whose inclusion criteria were: articles in Portuguese, English and Spanish, articles in full that portrayed the theme, published in the last five years and available online and free of charge in the databases of data: PubMed, Medline (National Library of Medicine) and LILACS (Latin American Literature in Health Sciences). Results: 12 publications were found, the analysis took place through analytical and interpretive readings and the educational technologies used were varied. Conclusion: It is noticed that the use of the booklet as an educational technology was the most used in the studies, and also, the limitation of the studies in directing and restricting the care orientation in only one specific approach for each clinical case presented by the patient.

Self-reported oral health of a quilombola population in the semi-arid region of PiauÃ

The needy epidemiology of oral health in quilombola populations has been demonstrated by different researches, with the intention that studies be carried in order to identify and determine situations that are liable to be resolved through the help of social and health policies. Objective. To know the perception of oral health regarding oral discomfort and to compare it with general health in a quilombola population in the semi-arid region of PiauÃ. Methodology. Cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study. From the adult and elderly population, a sample was calculated considering a margin of error of 5% and 90% of reliability, obtaining a total of 120 people as a minimum sample. Results. Inhabitants of the Canabrava, Tronco and Custaneiras quilombola communities participated - whose age ranged from 21 to 81 years old, SDÂ±16.0. There is a predominance of: married (67.5%), female (60.8%) small farmers (90%), non-retired (71.7%), income of up to 01 (one) minimum wage (58.3%), and incomplete primary school (42.5%). Oral discomfort had a higher percentage due to the variable -Feels dry mouth (30.8%). There was a significant association (p= 0.031) between the perception of general health (excellent, reasonable and poor) and having oral health problems. Conclusion. The association between the perception of general health and having oral health problems reinforces the fact that the poor condition of oral health denotes a close relationship with the living conditions of this society, whether assisted or not by the government.

A study on the circulation and retention levels of a Digital Social Currency using an Agent-Based Model

Wagner Vieira Ramos, Eduardo Henrique Diniz

Social currencies are increasingly present in several countries around the world. From management point of view, this phenomenon means that issues such as currency circulation and retention have to be addressed by local managers. In this paper, we propose the Agent-Based Model as a strategic management tool for social currencies. To do so, we introduce a case of using this approach combined with reinforcement machine learning to study the circulation and retention levels of the Sarafu Digital Social Currency from Kenya. The use of this model to study these two aspects that, at first, antagonize one another, allowed us to obtain indicators on the existence of a currency users behavior that contributes to the increase both of the circulation and retention levels. Those indicators can help Digital Social Currency systems managers to elaborate better strategies related to the circulation and retention levels, increasing the social benefits produced by the currency use in the community. The use of an Agent-Based Model to simultaneously address two aspects of the social currency allowed us to study the interactions between those two aspects and constitutes a novelty, since all the cases found in the literature using this model in this field are focused on a single aspect of the currency.

A Review on Nickel Recovery of Batteries by chemical Process

There is a growing concern about the environmental impacts that batteries can cause if there is no correct destination at the time of disposal. Therefore, this article presents a review on the recovery of nickel and metals that are contained in batteries through chemical processes. With this study, it is possible to better understand how some processes available for nickel restoration work and, after recovery, their possible applications in different areas. It is possible to notice during the review that many authors cite the use of some additives or alloys for doping, which brings higher rates of nickel recovery and reuse. The main objective of this review is to form a database with recent research and that it is possible to give direction to new laboratory experiments and future work.

Quilombola Women in Brazil

FlÃ¡via Abud Luz, MÃ´nica Abud Perez de Cerqueira Luz

Quilombola women today represent important figures to understand the process of social constitution of the country, especially considering the condition that women still find themselves in society and in the struggle for equality. In addition, their relationship with the territory is an important example to understand the economic dynamics of Brazil as a whole. Thus, it is intended here to discuss what territorial identity represents for these women and how they relate to society, as well the current dynamics of the quilombo and especially of the women who compose it around the society of the region. Bringing together different approaches to create an initial scenario to understand the dynamics around quilombola territories, using to a large extent the representation, vision and relationships that quilombola women have on their territories. For this, it will use data and the existing bibliography that deals with gender, quilombos and the colonizing context itself that created the social dynamics seen today. As well as.

Monitoring of biodigesters through a computerized system integrated to IoT platform

The purpose of the biodigester is to provide the proper treatment of organic waste that would be inappropriately disposed of in the environment. These residues in their decomposition process are responsible for the release of gases that cause the greenhouse effect, such as carbon dioxide (COâ‚‚) and methane gas (CHâ‚„). In this context, the objective of this work was the construction of a computational system that would allow the real-time monitoring of the parameters of physical quantities involved in the digestion process, applied to the study of filters for biogas. For the development of this work, four prototypes of batch digesters were built, adapted with electronic sensor modules to collect, and send data in real time, through the IoT (Internet of Things) platform. Hardware and embedded software platforms based on low-cost microcontrollers using Industry 4.0 concepts were used. The parameters monitored by the sensors were: concentration of methane (CHâ‚„), carbon dioxide (COâ‚‚) and hydrogen sulphide (Hâ‚‚S), temperature, humidity, and gauge pressure in the biogas. It is concluded that the biodigesters monitoring system through the ability to monitor factors in real time allows a better understanding of the anaerobic digestion process, allowing a better analysis and optimization, as well as the performance study of the elements involved in the process such as biomass, filters, and environmental factors.

Vegetative growth of radish in different organic substrates

The present work had like objective to evaluate the effect of different organic substrates on the vegetative growth of radish cultivar Crimson Giant. It was utilized a completely randomized design with five treatments and four replications . the substrates rated were T0 - washed sand + sawdust ; T1 - washed sand + sawdust + vermicompost ; T2 - washed sand + sawdust + 'Quixabeira soil '; T3 - washed sand + sawdust + cattle manure and T4 - washed sand + sawdust + broiler litter . were rated the plant height - AP (cm), fresh matter weight of the aerial part â€“ MFA (g), dry matter weight of the aerial part - MSA (g), fresh matter weight of the root â€“ MFR, dry matter weight of the root - MSR (g) and root diameter - DR (cm). observed that there were a significant effect of the treatments , in which the best vegetative growth was obtained in the T4 substrate.

The role of health professionals in the care of patients with prostate cancer: Literature review

Prostate cancer is a malignant disease that is commonly linked to advancing age in men, it is a disease that is not restricted only to the prostate. The objective of this study was to analyze the importance of care provided by health professionals to patients with prostate cancer. The methodology is a thorough analysis of literature reviews published between the years 2010 to 2021 containing the subject of prostate cancer. The working population is made up of men, the elderly, who have symptoms of prostate cancer. A bibliographic review will be carried out on the subject in the scientific journals available online, gathering and comparing the different data found in the consultation sources and listing the main factors that predispose to prostate cancer as well as the characteristic signs and symptoms that could lead them to predisposition. Descriptive study with literature analysis. In Brazil, prostate cancer is the second most common among men. In absolute values, it is the sixth most common type in the world and the most prevalent in men, representing about 10% of all cancers. Health education collaborates so that people can live together in the most beneficial way possible. It is concluded that the nursing professional should contribute to the dissemination of preventive actions against prostate cancer, such as: elaboration of educational campaigns, lectures, conversation circles, among other activities that always aim at male inclusion.

Evaluation of the Environmental Quality of a Cemetery using the Method of the Peir Matrix - Case Study

Cemeteries are potential sources of environmental impact because they do not follow the various standards established by CONAMA. Most of them are not supervised or undergo periodic maintenance, being responsible for polluting the soil, subsoil and also reaching numerous groundwater from the areas where they were installed, considerably affecting the health of the local population. The study took place in the vÃ¡rzea cemetery, in the city of Recife, state of Pernambuco. The choice of this potential source of contamination stems from the scarcity of studies on the subject, especially in the State of Pernambuco. Local visits related to local information suggest not only non-compliance with the rules, but also possible pollution and contamination of soil and free aquifer. Therefore, the present research aims to investigate the environmental quality of the VÃ¡rzea cemetery using the Pressure-State-Impact-Response Matrix (PEIR Matrix). The methodology used was the literature review, on-site visits in order to verify compliance with the legislation as well as the construction of a Matrix, also based on an analysis of soil quality. Considering the data obtained with the particle size analysis, it was verified that the sediments, in the cemetery area, showed predominance of sand grains in the surface layer of the terrain. It was possible to conclude through the matrix that the cemetery presents itself with low environmental quality and may be generating negative environmental impacts of great proportions.

Protocol for dilution of standardized anti-infective injectable drugs in the Public Hospital Network of the state of Tocantins

Antimicrobials act on microorganisms by inhibiting their growth or causing their destruction, and their misuse leads to increased health-related costs. Failures in dispensing and administration mean that the last barriers to patient safety, where errors could be avoided, have been broken. Thus, safe and effective strategies are needed in institutions to ensure health care quality by minimizing the occurrence of medication errors. To develop a dilution protocol to assist health professionals in preparing standard injectable anti-infective drugs in the Public Hospital Network of the State of Tocantins. This is documental, descriptive research, carried out through the analysis of anti-infectiousinjectable drugs, developed by consulting information from sources such as the Handbook on Injectable Drugs (Trissel), clinical and hospital pharmacy books, as well as laboratory package inserts and pharmaceutical guides. From the 108 standardized anti-infective drugs, 40 injectable drugs were analyzed. Therefore, it is essential to understand the different medication processes, how to develop them, recognize the possible weaknesses, propose measures for their prevention and improve patient safety. The implementation of a protocol of dilution and stability for the administration of injectable anti-infectious drugs is of great importance aiming to minimize the rate of errors related to drug preparation.

Environmental Engineer Profile: Active Learning in Engineering Education

Priscilla Chantal Duarte Silva, Ricardo Luiz Perez Teixeira

Several discussions have been raised in higher education institutions for the formation of the environmental engineering graduate profile to fulfill the innovations of Industry 4.0 and the tripod of sustainability, required by the labor market. The agencies responsible for the management of engineering courses have established a series of changes in the teaching plans of the curricula of engineering courses in Brazil so that universities can attend the contemporary trends in the global market. The aim of this study is to identify the profile of the egress of the environmental engineering course at a public Brazilian university, verifying the impressions and demands of this public about their professional training; investigating the demands and the constitution of the professional profile determined by companies, in order to compare what the educational institution is dealing with in the curricular parameters versus what the market is demanding; raising the demands of the boards for engineering curricula updates and, finally, verifying if the parameters determined as requirements of the engineering boards are being fulfilled by the university under study. The results indicate that the graduate profile not only brings evidence of how the university has been acting in the competencies and skills in engineering courses. It was also found that active methodologies have a significant role to perform in the teaching-learning of the new engineering education requirements. We conclude that the skills and competencies focused on economic, social, environmental, and humanistic issues complete the profile of the environmental engineering graduate in the modern times.

Analysis of the Current Management of Health Service Waste: A Case Study of a University Hospital in Manaus/AM

The health waste management activity, whose steps range from the identification of generation sites to the environmentally appropriate final disposal, requires appropriate planning, where each step of the process needs to be performed properly to ensure worker safety and mitigate the impacts generated to the environment allied to the hospital costs. Current legislation, such as: Law 6.938/81, which deals with the National Environmental Policy, Resolution 222/2018, Law 12.305/2010, which establishes the National Policy on Solid Waste (PNRS), among others, guide this process. The general purpose of this case study is to analyze the current process of management and treatment of waste from the health service of the Hospital UniversitÃ¡rio GetÃºlio Vargas (HUGV). To achieve these results, a quantitative/qualitative, exploratory descriptive research was carried out on the HUGV Waste Management Plan. The information was collected through an Observational Roadmap of the Current Flow, based on the ANVISA Board Resolution 222/2018. Consistently, the results obtained showed that the hospital cost of waste treatment is directly related to the management of HSW. With this, it was concluded that the management process carried out in the hospital is not fully in accordance with the current legislation, and that this non-compliance results in the high cost for the treatment and final destination of the HSW, demonstrating the importance and the need to update the hospital's PGRSS (Health Services Waste Management Program). The research makes a relevant contribution to the HUGV with suggestions for proposals for improvements in the work of managing HSW.

The role of university extension in promoting local economic development: A preliminary discussion in light of the specificities of a small municipality

TÃ¢nia MÃ¡rcia de Freitas, Maria do Carmo Romeiro

Here we discuss the role of university extension in local economic development (LED) processes. For this, we use the theoretically based formulation of an operational concept of university extension and its application to the context of a small municipality (IporÃ¡, GoiÃ¡s, Brazil). We analyzed different requirements and indicators related to extension activities and how they are perceived, appropriated, and used by local actors. Therefore, the research was based on an exploratory-qualitative methodological approach, encompassing two procedures: document analysis to build an operational concept of university extension and semi-directive interviews with local actors. As a result, a consistent adherence of the operational concept of university extension to the interactions/relationships analyzed in the context of LED in IporÃ¡ was identified, corroborating and requalifying the meanings of these extensionist practices in favor of a progressive socioeconomic dynamism perceived by LED actors.