http://ijaers.com/ Open Access international Journal to publish research paper en-us June The objective of this investigation is to propose a scientific analysis about the advances and setbacks of the public civil action legislation as an instrument of collective protection of rights. Thus, it makes healthy to understand the institute of Law n. 7.347/85 and make a comparison between the main points of the bill n. 5,139/09 and the new collective action law (PL n. 4,778/20) proposed by the representatives of the National Council of Justice and delivered to the president of the Chamber of Deputies on September 1, 2020, in order to verify that the new draft of collective actions innovative proposals something in relation to bill n. 5,139/09; as well as a brief analysis of the bills n. 1.641/21, a new proposal from the Brazilian Institute of Procedural Law with the aim of contributing to the advancement of the Brazilian collective process. It is important that the critical approach to the proposed investigation object took place through the research bibliographical, documentary and jurisprudential in addition to comparative, interpretative and systematic analyses. http://ijaers.com/detail/public-civil-action-advances-and-setbacks-in-its-evolution-legislative/ Daniela Costa Soares Mattar, Flávio Marcos de Oliveira Vaz, Mhardoqueu Geraldo Lima França, Fabrizia Angelica Bonatto Lonchiat http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/1IJAERS-05202237-PublicCivil.pdf Predicting potable water quality is more effective for water management and water pollution prevention. Polluted water causes serious waterborne illnesses and poses a threat to human health. Predicting the quality of drinkable water may reduce the incidence of water-related diseases. The latest machine learning approach has shown promising predictive accuracy for water quality. This research uses five different learning algorithms to determine drinking water quality. First, data is gathered from public sources and presented in accordance with World Health Organization (WHO) water quality standards. Several parameters, including hardness, conductivity, pH, organic carbon, solids, and others, are essential for predicting water quality. Second, Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Deep Neural Network (DNN), and Gaussian Nave Bayes are used to estimate the quality of the drinking water. The conventional laboratory technique for assessing water quality is time-consuming and sometimes costly. The algorithms proposed in this work can predict drinking water quality within a short period of time. ANN has 99 percent height accuracy with a training error of 0.75 percent during the training period. RF has an F1 score of 87.86% and a prediction accuracy of 82.45%. An Artificial Neural Network (ANN) predicted height with an F1 score of 96.51 percent in this study. Using an extended data set could improve how well predictions are made and help stop waterborne diseases in the long run. http://ijaers.com/detail/the-quality-of-drinkable-water-using-machine-learning-techniques/ Osim Kumar Pal http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/2IJAERS-05202235-TheQuality.pdf The importance of qualification and training of lay people in Basic Life Support (BLS) leads to a reduction in deaths or irreversible sequelae in the population affected by a Cardiopulmonary Arrest (CPA), because in most emergency cases whoever is close is not a health professional. The purpose of this article is to analyze the importance of qualification and training in Basic Life Support for lay people. This is a descriptive, qualitative study carried out through an integrative literature review (ILR). To carry out the bibliographic review, searches were carried out in the following databases: repositories of Universities, Virtual Health Libraries, PubMed, Journals, Magazines, Federal Laws and Ordinances Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO) and Online System of Search and Analysis of Literature Medical (MEDLINE). Articles related to the theme of the project, articles with Portuguese language, online and free access to the full text and from the year 2014 were included. The studies that constituted the units of analysis have a variety of authors, publication sources and countries of origin of the studies. The training and qualification of the BLS is of relevance for the knowledge of the lay population and should be applied even in the school phase, with theoretical-practical methods and repeated annually, for a better effectiveness in the initial care of a victim in CPA. http://ijaers.com/detail/the-importance-of-the-training-of-laypeople-in-basic-life-support-an-integrative-review/ Lena Cláudia Maia Alencar, Eliane Moura da Silva, Clayton Alencar Moreira, Giselly Julieta Barroso da Silva, Tatiana da Silva Mendes, Walda Cleoma Lopes Valente dos Santos, Edilson Ferreira Calandrini, Silvia Ferreira Nunes, Valeria Regina Cavalcante dos Santos, Creusa Barbosa dos Santos Trindade http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/3IJAERS-05202236-TheImportance.pdf This study analyzes the intellectual production on the PEU Method in the last 20 years and seeks to identify the main characteristics related to the applicability and limitations of the PEU method in various national economic sectors. Consists of a revisionist study on the evolution and use of the PEU method in Brazilian companies, developed through the analysis of empirical studies published on the subject. analyzes are performed using descriptive statistics. The research results confirmed that the implementation of the PEU Method was possible in all economic activities (Bibliographic Portfolio) analyzed, whenever used in environments related to production, and that its implementation provided important information for management control. The relevance of the study is based mainly on the new economic contexts and the evolution of production processes, where the costing methods traditionally used have been shown to be inefficient in generating useful information for decision making. http://ijaers.com/detail/peu-method-an-analysis-of-its-applicability-and-implementation-limitations-in-brazilian-companies/ Emerson Atilio Birchler, Emmanuel Marques Silva, Schleiden Pinheiro Nascimento http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/4IJAERS-05202247-PEUmethod.pdf Access surgery is an important procedure performed during endodontic treatment as it allows the dental surgeon to access the pulp chamber and locate the root canals. During this procedure, spherical and conical stem diamond tips with inactive end are used to remove caries, establish a contour shape and refine the walls of the pulp chamber. Inserts coupled to dental ultrasound are constantly used to help refine the floor of the pulp chamber. However, depending on the vibration provided by the ultrasound device and incorrect handling of the insert, it will cause depressions and perforations in the floor of the pulp chamber. Given the context, this research aims to assess the quality of pulp chamber floor refinement by different ultrasound devices. This is a research with the principle of applied investigation, qualitative and quantitative approach, with an exploratory character, where 100 upper and lower human molars will be selected distributed in 4 groups, where the floor refinement will be carried out with TRA 24 ultrasound insert ( Trinks, São Paulo, Brazil) however, coupled to different ultrasonic devices: G1 (No. 25) CvDentus, G2 (No. 25) Sonic Plus Ecel, G3 (No. 25) Sonic Air Scaler and G4 (No. 25) Denshine . After completion of the access surgery, a visual inspection will be performed to assess the presence of excessive wear, depressions and identification of root canals. The results were tabulated, analyzed and it was found that there was no significant difference between the groups regarding the presence of excessive wear, depressions and identification of root canals. Thus, it is possible to conclude that all ultrasonic devices showed satisfactory results in the refinement of the floor of the analyzed teeth. http://ijaers.com/detail/quality-assessment-of-the-pulp-chamber-floor-refining-by-different-ultrasound-devices/ Kelly Ferreira Lopes, Verônica Venâncio Ayres, Yellen Oliveira Cordeiro, Eduardo Fernandes Marques http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/5IJAERS-05202240-QualityAssessment.pdf The study aims to discuss the importance of digital inclusion PROEJA students to transform the educational model so that the process of knowing and acting is stimulating, challenging and appropriate to the times. With the evolution of technology, society has lived continuously the impacts of these technological advances in their daily lives. Teaching cannot be oblivious to this reality; the teacher has the primary role of contributing to the dissemination of ICT'S in the school context. In this context, the study outlines the following objectives: Diagnosing the level of students and factors that hinder access to information technology students PROEJA. Adopts as a qualitative methodology, critical and reflective research participant. Thus, the principle performs a literature search and field, searching the literature documents that may help to answer the demands the questions raised in the problem of the subject under study. It is noticed that the technological development has profoundly modified the daily lives of people, and the school cannot be oblivious to this reality, it needs to adapt and introduce the student to live with these new technologies ICT, also within the school, so it can act as a participating citizen within and outside the educational context. http://ijaers.com/detail/importance-of-digital-inclusion-of-students-in-proeja-if-sert-o-pe-campus-petrolina-rural-zone/ Marcos Victor do Carmo Loiola, Marcos Antonio Cerqueira Santos, Rubens Silva Carvalho, Vagner Freitas da Silva, Alessandro Menezes Brito, Florisvaldo Cavalcanti dos Santos, Chirley Vanuyre Vianna Cordeiro, Luiz Antônio Costa de Santana http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/6IJAERS-05202248-Importance.pdf The pandemic with Covid-19 established a social chaos on the planet, which required extreme changes in order to contain the large-scale contamination of the disease. Social isolation, adopted as one of the restrictive measures, generated other problems with high repercussions in the indices of domestic violence, feminicide, divorces, among others, highlighting the fragility of interpersonal relationships and the consequences for society. The present study aims to present how interpersonal relationships were affected during social isolation. As methodology, the research was based on a literature review based on theorists such as Bauman (2001; 2004), Forbes (2010; 2019), in the approach about liquidity in contemporary relationships; in studies on the subject available in scientific and research platforms, college observatories and analysis of statistics about problems instaured from relational conflicts during the pandemic period. As a result, it became evident that sudden changes in the rhythm of life, such as residential confinement, contributed to increase the rates of domestic violence, consumption of alcoholic beverages, psycho-emotional diseases and divorce among couples. Evidence that human beings need to detach themselves from the liquidity and fluidity that contemporary immediacy adds to interpersonal relationships and reinforces the need to undertake more solid and effective relationships so that they can face crisis situations without destabilizing family ties and, thus, have more serenity and collaboration in solving challenges, such as the pandemic with Covid-19. http://ijaers.com/detail/the-fragility-of-interpersonal-relationships-evidenced-in-the-pandemic-period-with-covid-19/ Edinaura Rios Cunha, Mariana Pimenta de Oliveira, Nelzir Martins Costa, Angelo Ricardo Balduino http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/7IJAERS-05202249-Thefragility.pdf Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) reinforcement of reinforced concrete (RC) columns has become increasingly common. This work presents a finite element computational model capable of representing the structural behavior of CFRP-confined square RC columns. Data and results from experimental research available in the literature are used to assess the ability of the proposed model to represent the test results. It is possible to observe that the models were able to represent, with adequate precision, the structural behavior of columns with different configurations of longitudinal reinforcement, stirrups spacing, number of CFRP layers, and type of load. http://ijaers.com/detail/computer-simulation-of-reinforced-concrete-columns-confined-with-cfrp/ Tiago Nobre da Silva, Carla Simone de Albuquerque, Mauro de Vasconcellos Real, Francisco Eudázio Suriano da Silva Júnior http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/8IJAERS-05202250-Computer.pdf The late 1990s, the Aracoiabacity experienced a crisis of drinking water shortages, which required the construction of the Aracoiaba Dam, which began in 2000. This research aimed to verify the existence of pollution and degradation factors environment around and upstream of the Aracoiaba Dam, as well as the characteristics of its waters, and the impacts of pollution and environmental degradation on the sustainability and quality of the water in that dam. The investigation was developed according to a basic and exploratory nature, with a qualitative approach through a case study. Research confirms the existence of sewage points, which the city of Aracoiaba itself and other surrounding cities, discharge directly into the bed of the Aracoiaba River, impairing its quality, which was confirmed through changes in the quality of these waters, when compared with Brazilian legislation. It was also confirmed the existence of environmental degradation in the surroundings and upstream of this dam, which also corroborates to compromise the quality of these waters. The great social and economic importance of the Aracoiaba Dam imposes the need to adopt mitigating measures to remedy the problems encountered. http://ijaers.com/detail/aracoiaba-dam-pollution-factors-and-environmental-degradation-in-the-surrounding-and-upstream-area/ Maria Lenir Menezes Paz, Lívia Paulia Dias Ribeiro, Antônio Roberto Xavier, Francisco Nildo da Silva, Sandra Sely Silveira Maia e Silva http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/9IJAERS-0620225-Aracoiaba.pdf Foodborne Diseases are caused by the ingestion of food that is unsafe for consumption, occurring at any stage in the production chain or even in the preparation phase of the final product at the consumer's home. . A mussel marketing product in the State of Pará has an implementation and functioning to obtain this quality and insurance for public health. In order to identify the presence of Escherichia coli and coliforms for mussel mussels in natura in the Ver-o-Peso Belém do Pará market, microbiological examinations of the mexiethylene Kit Aquatest coli, and eosin blue culture medium were performed. The results show 100% of the samples confirms the presence of total coliforms and 90% of sample presence of E.coli, then the counts obtained results greater than > 100 CFU/ml. It is stated tat least 90% are outsideof the standards established by current legislation. The microbiological food standards of RDC 331 are indicated,In stages, microbiological food standards are indicated that are taken into account within the current legislation with a purpose of handling. http://ijaers.com/detail/microbiological-diversity-aspects-and-hygienic-sanitary-conditions-of-mussels-sold-in-the-municipal-market-in-the-municipality-of-bel-m-do-par/ Sianny Vanessa da Silva Freitas, Vitória Raposo Ribeiro, José Ledamir Sindeaux Neto, Raquel Soares Casaes Nunes http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/10IJAERS-06202211-Microbiological.pdf In this study we display a process for inverting the generalized Vandermonde matrix, using the analytic properties of a fundamental system related to a specific linear difference equations. We establish two approaches allowing us to provide explicit formulas for the entries of the inverse of the generalized Vandermonde matrices. To enhance the effectiveness of our the approaches, significant examples and special cases are given. http://ijaers.com/detail/inverse-of-the-generalized-vandermonde-matrix-via-the-fundamental-system-of-linear-difference-equations/ Claudemir Aniz, Mustapha Rachidi http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/11IJAERS-05202239.pdf Water is a source of life and an essential element of nature for human survival. Currently, this water resource has gone through a constant crisis over the centuries, especially when it comes to crises caused by the pollution aspect that affects this water resource and affects its efficiency in terms of consumption. The use of water is a demand that is present in several areas, in agriculture it has a resource role with consultative use. The present study aimed to obtain qualitative information about the quality of the water resource available in the lake located in the Araguaia-Tocantins Hydrographic Basin. Monitoring has the purpose of obtaining biological, chemical, physical, ecological information and classification into classes specified in the NSF IQA. In the case study, the water quality monitoring procedure was carried out, through the water quality standards - IQA NSF, carried out with the samples collected at a point of the Lake UHE Lajeado in the municipality of Porto Nacional - TO. These analyzes are important because the site, in the future, will serve as a new point of water collection for public supply. The Water Quality Index was evaluated by permissible limits established by CONAMA resolution nº 357/2005 and NSF - National Sanitation Foundation, which was evaluated in 9 parameters that made it possible to calculate the IQA - Water Quality Index. http://ijaers.com/detail/water-quality-analysis-iqa-of-lake-uhe-lajeado-in-porto-nacional-to/ Clóvis Thomaz Soares Borges, Dr. Ângelo Ricardo Balduíno, Dr. Marcelo dos Santos Targa http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/12IJAERS-0620222-WaterQuality.pdf This article aims to explore the basic characteristics of the Rural Territorial Tax - RTT - in Brazil, with a focus on achieving the social function of property. For this, it aims to outline the main aspects of the evolution of property rights around the globe, as well as in Brazil, from the occupation of lands by the Portuguese Crown to modern times. The research method addressed is bibliographic, documentary, qualitative and primarily deductive. Meanwhile, it narrates the property with inspiration in the ideals of liberalism and what are the consequences arising from the development in the tax area. Therefore, it explores the main nuances of the State's power to tax, especially with regard to the RTT - when measuring the level of effectiveness of said tax, whether in its fiscal or extrafiscality aspect, within the fundamental bias of the Federal Constitution of 1988. http://ijaers.com/detail/implications-of-the-rural-territorial-tax-rtt-on-brazilian-functionalized-property-in-light-of-the-1988-constitution/ Orígenes Rosendo da Silva Neto, Fabrício Muraro Novais http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/13IJAERS-06202218-Implications.pdf The risks associated with academic research are often much lower than those in large-scale process industry operations. While inventories of hazardous materials are lower in the university environment and the number of hazards may be lower, factors such as chemicals used in laboratories and the proximity of researchers to their equipment can equate to a high individual risk for laboratory users. The number of reported laboratory accidents resulting in fatalities, serious injuries, and financial loss demonstrates a need for better risk management practices in academic teaching and experimental research laboratories. Academic and research labs at universities contain various risks, and the associated risks can be significant if not appropriately managed. The misperception that university labs are low risk is partly due to a lack of awareness of the hazards. This paper discusses an approach to applying health and safety practices to chemistry laboratories at a federal university in the interior of Paraná and discusses selected challenges and suggested solutions. http://ijaers.com/detail/management-of-occupational-safety-and-health-osh-in-university-chemical-laboratories-a-case-study-at-a-university-federal-public-service-in-the-interior-of-paran-brazil/ Marla Corso, Flávia Aparecida Reitz Cardoso, Polyana Ribeiro de Andrade, Luciana Cristina Soto Herek Rezende, Rodolfo Marques Sastre http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/14IJAERS-0620229-Management.pdf To select in the literature the importance and challenges of food for the development and potential of the individual related to growth, promotion, and health. Method: This is an Integrative Literature Review and 188 articles were selected for analysis. After applying the defined inclusion and exclusion criteria, 15 studies were included in the research. The studies showed that dealing with the subject is essential, allowing children and adolescents access to healthy and quality food, guaranteeing their right to food as provided for in the Statute of Children and Adolescents. Most studies concluded that several schools do not offer adequate food to their users, despite the importance of this practice being evidenced by the works. Therefore, implementing and implementing the guidelines that the National School Feeding Program legislation offers is essential to change this scenario in the school context. http://ijaers.com/detail/the-importance-and-challenges-of-school-feeding-literature-review/ Mayra Telles Souza, Paula Raimunda Araújo Teixeira, Jamilly Monteiro Sanches, Salatiel da Conceição Luz Carneiro, Samantha Cecília Vera Cruz da Cunha, Madson Matheus Garcia Costa, Luís Henriques Martins, Gabrielle Silva de oliveira, Adadely Françoise Maria Moura Ribeiro, Kaory Brito Ohaze, Layla Sandia Cezário Alves, Izabella Syane Oliveira Pereira, Luísa Margareth Carneiro da Silva, Vânia Maria Barboza da Silva http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/15IJAERS-05202251-TheImportance.pdf Introduction: Tuberculosis control tools are a challenge to primary health care, due to the delay of people from the appearance of the first symptoms to the search for the first health-care service, and health-care services leading to difficulties and delay in establishing the diagnosis and initiation of treatment. Objective: to analyze the factors associated with the time from the identification of symptoms to the beginning of treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis and to measure the related time. Materials and Method: Quantitative, cross-sectional and analytical study, with 101 patients being treated for pulmonary tuberculosis, in five Basic Health Units. They were interviewed using an adapted and validated questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the G Test, in the BioEstat 5.3 Program. Results: 53.27% of patients were late to seek health-care services. The diagnosis was classified as “no delay” (50.5%). Male sex, complete high school education are factors related to delay in the diagnosis of tuberculosis, as well as the frequency of seeking health-care services for diagnosis showed statistical significance (p=0.0264). Discussion: Men are the most affected by the disease, due to risk factors. There is a need to invest in the training of teams to carry out early diagnosis and rapid suspicion of the disease. Conclusion: There are important actors in disease control: the health-care service and the patient. The delay is related to the tuberculosis patient, with the need to speed up the diagnosis of the disease, so that the patient does not have to return to the service several times. http://ijaers.com/detail/factors-associated-with-delay-in-the-diagnosis-of-pulmonary-tuberculosis-in-bel-m-pa/ Claudia Ozela El- Husny, Angela Maria Rodrigues Ferreira, Jamilie Suelen dos Prazeres Campos, Kamila Nancy Gonçalves da Gama, Iací Proença Palmeira, Ana Lúcia da Silva Ferreira, Priscila Fonseca Souza http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/16IJAERS-05202246-Factors.pdf The judicialization of health has been taking place in doctrinal and jurisprudential discussions, where individuals who need remedies or treatments have recourse to the judiciary to achieve their right to health. Justice has become the only solution, not having their rights guaranteed. Over the years, lawsuits have been increasing, and this is also happening in the municipality of Araguaína-TO. The objective of this study is to analyze and identify the judicial demand for health services related to primary care, in the municipality of Araguaína in the years 2016 and 2017, where a survey of data from the Technical Support Nucleus (NAT) of Araguaína-TO. In 2016, a percentage of 13.79% of the 429 consultations were obtained; already in 2017, an increase was identified from the previous year, thus there are 493 queries received at the NAT, where only 10.14% of these were judicialized and 89.86% resolved administratively. The numbers demonstrate high core resolubility. The data demonstrate the characterization of the majority of the demands, bringing medical consultations, and being in second place the medicines. We emphasize the effectiveness of NAT in resolving cases by avoiding higher costs to the public service. http://ijaers.com/detail/study-on-the-judicialization-of-access-to-health-services-in-the-city-of-aragua-na-to/ Laryssa Magalhães Da Silva, Maykon Jhuly Martins De Paiva, Iangla Araújo De Melo Damasceno, Fabiana Martins Dos Santos, Leda Terezinha Freitas E Silva, Wadson Rodrigues Lima, Gabriel Rodrigues Brito, Samara Brito De Sousa, Pedro Henrique Perez Roriz, Italo Craveiro De Souza Milhomem, Marcelo Martins De Paiva http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/17IJAERS-05202214-Studyon.pdf Anti-racist compliance is the appropriate set of integrity and compliance techniques for the creation of inclusive institutional environments, capable of diversity and free from racism. Understanding its constitution depends on recognizing the human right to development, in a practical way, and the role of institutions in its implementation, as well as the negative impacts of racism on corporate governance. Thus, it can be said that institutional designs of conformity and integrity committed to the fight against racism give rise to the achievement of sustainable development, human rights and democracy. http://ijaers.com/detail/the-anti-racist-compliance/ Veyzon Campos Muniz http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/18IJAERS-06202221-TheAnti.pdf The goal of this project is to see how different drilling parameters like spindle speed (600, 900, 1400 revolution per minute), feed rate (0.10, 0.16, 0.22 mm per revolution) and drill tool diameter (6, 8 mm) affect surface roughness, material removal rate and tool wear while drilling Al 6063 alloy with an HSS spiral drill using Taguchi method. The impact of different drilling settings on the accuracy of the drilled hole is analyzed using S/N (signal-to-noise) ratio, orthogonal arrays of Taguchi, regression analysis, and analysis of variance (ANOVA). CNC Lathe Machineis used to perform a number of experiments with the help of L18 orthogonal arrays of Taguchi. MINITAB 19, a commercial software tool, is used to collect and evaluate the results of the experiments. For establishing a correlation between the selected input parameters and the quality aspects of the holes made, linear regression equations are used. The experimental data are compared to the expected values, which are quite similar. http://ijaers.com/detail/a-study-of-the-impact-of-multiple-drilling-parameters-on-surface-roughness-tool-wear-and-material-removal-rate-while-drilling-al6063-applying-taguchi-technique/ Md Shahrukh Khan, Dr. Shahnawaz Alam http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/19IJAERS-0620227-AStudy.pdf Since they offer an opportunity to create value for shareholders, a company's capital structure decision is crucial for its existence and performance and, therefore, has been addressed by several studies in the finance area. However, there is no unanimous answer determining the most efficient capital structure for a given organization and there is a lack of evidence regarding the use of optimal structure models in the daily lives of companies. The methodology in this work is composed of four phases to propose a practical method for decision-making on a company’s structure. First, it is defined the problem that will be simulated. Then, using the FCD and SMC techniques, the company's value is calculated and the insolvency risk is quantified. And finally, in the fourth phase, discussions are developed regarding the ideal capital structure for the company. The results simulated through the selection of an object study show the increase in the company's value from indebtedness, presenting opportunities to create value for its managers.The model has as a limitation the case study of only one segment, and can be expanded to other sectors in future works.Still, the proposal must be understood as beneficial for all stakeholders involved, since more competitive companies can provide products and/or services with superior quality and lower prices, being, therefore, a direct social contribution of the present proposal. http://ijaers.com/detail/practical-model-for-firm-s-capital-structure/ Marcelo Nunes Fonseca, Wilson Toshiro Nakamura, Victor Eduardo de Mello Valerio, Giancarlo Aquila http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/20IJAERS-0620221-Practical.pdf Introduction: The monitoring of women and guidance on the benefits of breast milk are of paramount importance for the mother to choose to breastfeed. It is necessary that the approach is effective and gradual so that she feels pleasure and well-being when practicing the act of breastfeeding. This activity is vulnerable to interference from multiple factors that encompass maternal principles, especially with regard to the conduct of each woman in these circumstances. Maternal insecurity was one of the factors that puerperal women reported presenting and influencing early weaning, since this insecurity may be related to the production of breast milk. Therefore, the present research aimed to describe which emotional aspects were reported by women who breastfed during the pandemic period in two municipalities in the metropolitan region of Belém. Methodology: Quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional study with the application of an online questionnaire via Google forms. Conclusion: The research results reflect on the importance of investigating factors related to the emotional aspect of women during pregnancy and postpartum periods, in order to prevent and treat these changes or disorders, as they influence maternal health and consequently in the practice of breastfeeding. However, it is important that new research be developed to help health professionals in encouraging this practice that saves so many lives. http://ijaers.com/detail/breastfeeding-and-emotional-aspects-during-the-covid-19-pandemic-period-in-two-counties-in-the-metropolitan-region-of-bel-m-par-brazil/ Paula Rayssa Lobato da Silva, Ananda Leticia Silva Cabral, Alan de Sousa Nunes, Andressa da Silva Pinheiro, Bruna Macedo Lopes, Bárbara Martins de Sales Santos, Natasha Assunção Oliveira, Giovana Dias Lima, Rosangela Santos Nonato, Bárbara Vitória Monteiro Reis Augusto, Paula Raimunda Araújo Teixeira, Cynara Melo Souza, Vanda HeloizaMarvão Soares,Fabiana Costa Cardoso, Luísa Margareth Carneiro da Silva http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/21IJAERS-0620226-Breastfeeding.pdf This article aimed to analyze some characteristics of publications on Brazilian exports made available in the SciELO database from 2000 to 2020. Based on a bibliometric research, 64 articles were analyzed that met the search criteria and search filters. The results point to a greater volume of publication in 2011, with the cities of São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro as the main origins of publications in the period. 93.75% of publications originate in public institutions. 32.81% of the articles (21) are of double authorship, 21.87% (14) published with three authors and 15.62% (10) of single authorship. As for the thematic groups, there was a predominance of the “Economy” category, followed by “Agricultural Commodities” and “Services”, confirming the expressive participation of Brazil in the agribusiness segment. http://ijaers.com/detail/brazilian-exports-bibliometric-analysis-from-2000-to-2020/ Dayane Carolina Nunes Vieira, Isabelle Santos Vieira, Jucimar de Melo Pereira, Leonardo Morais, Leticia Delfino Fernandes, Luan Fernando de Oliveira Ramos, Luana Rodrigues Rosa, Edenis Cesar de Oliveira http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/22IJAERS-06202212-Brazilian.pdf The present study has as main concern to explain the need to create the construct "spiraled cultural dialectic" in order to better adapt the ideas worked on in the doctoral thesis, as well as its use in other research in the human and social sciences. To this end, I present formulations on the concept of concept on the initial pages. Then, there will be the decomposition of the terms in order to better clarify them, that is, to historicize the concepts, making, at the end, the methodological mortar of the theoretical explanation. http://ijaers.com/detail/spiraled-cultural-dialectics-construct-for-human-and-social-sciences/ Nicolas Theodoridis http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/23IJAERS-05202234-Spiraled.pdf Objective: To relate the food consumption of the previous day and family income of children under 6 months to 2 years of age living in the metropolitan region of Belém, Pará. Methodology: Descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study with application of an online questionnaire via google forms, carried out in the metropolitan region of Belém-Pará, which covers 3 municipalities (Belém, Ananindeua and Marituba). The questions formulated in the food survey were based on food consumption markers from the SISVAN platform. Results: 221 responses from caregivers were obtained. Most declared to receive up to a monthly minimum wage. breast milk was consumed by all children younger than 6 months. In children aged over six months to two years, it was observed that breastfeeding did not occur continuously in children from groups with higher family income, and the ingestion of ultra-processed foods by children with lower incomes was observed. Conclusion: The data demonstrate dietary inadequacy, habits that are configured for the development of chronic non-communicable diseases throughout life. In addition, there is a low consumption of fresh and minimally processed foods, as well as an inadequate introduction of ultra-processed foods, especially in children belonging to families with lower incomes. http://ijaers.com/detail/relationship-of-food-consumption-and-family-income-of-children-under-2-years-old-in-three-counties-in-the-metropolitan-region-of-bel-m/ Douglas Monteiro de Sousa, Ananda Leticia Silva Cabral, Alan de Sousa Nunes, Ana Carolina Silva Crispino, Élida Cristina Bezerra Gadelha, Graziela Maria Benevenuto Bezerra, Letícia Flávia de Oliveira Borges, Lorenna Vidal Rodrigues da Silva, Mariana Maués de Castro, Natasha Assunção Oliveira, Paula Raimunda Araújo Teixeira, David da Silva Costa, Ana Karoline Araújo de Freitas,Adadely Françoise Maria Moura Ribeiro, Izabella Pessoa de Lima Pires, Izabella Syane Oliveira Pereira, Luísa Margareth Carneiro da Silva http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/24IJAERS-06202217-Relationship.pdf Utilization of yard land is a management effort through an integrated approach to planting various types of plants, cultivating livestock and fish to ensure the continuous availability of diverse materials, and fulfilling family nutrition. Many fruit trees planted in the yard can manage more intensively to ensure the availability of raw materials for agro-industry development. The study aimed to identify the potential of fruit plants in the yard as agro-industry raw materials and to analyze the added value of processed products made from fruit plants. The method used in this study was a descriptive method carried out in three districts of Madiun-City, which empowered the yard as a provider of agro-industrial raw materials. The data analysis method uses the Value-Added Analysis method. The results obtained from the study showed that there were eight types of fruit plants planted in the yard in Madiun-City. Only four fruit plants were used as raw materials for processed products, namely Mango (Mangifera indica), Banana (Musa sp), Papaya (Carica papaya), and Guava (Psidium guajava). These are processed into Mango Syrup, Banana Chips, Papaya Sauce, and Guava Juice. The added value obtained by the Mango Syrup product is Rp.12500,-/kg (39.06%), Banana Chips Rp.23228.57/kg (50.03%), Papaya Sauce Rp.4452.14/kg (49, 10%), and Guava Juice Rp.21130,-/kg (58.29%). http://ijaers.com/detail/potential-of-fruit-plants-in-the-yard-to-support-urban-farming-and-agroindustry-in-madiun-city-east-java-indonesia/ Ratna Mustika Wardhani, Wuryantoro http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/25IJAERS-06202214-Potential.pdf This article highlights the use of chemical agents in agriculture, which undoubtedly causes a series of environmental impacts when used improperly and puts health and human life at risk. In a methodological, qualitative, bibliographic and exploratory way, with research in magazines and books specialized in the subject, it shows the bottlenecks of pesticides, in addition to highlighting possible problems that the ecosystem faces in the face of the indiscriminate use of these products. The article also seeks to show the serious consequences that the indiscriminate use of agrochemicals can bring to the environment, when used without information and knowledge, showing in the conclusion the importance of having environmental awareness. The present study brings a review of scientific reports of impacts of pesticides on the environment and human health. Human beings are subject to direct and daily exposure to these chemical compounds in the areas of production, treatment and storage of products, and indirectly, but with no less serious consequences for being exposed to residues found in the environment and in products consumed, so in a clear and objective way environmental preservation and education are fundamental. http://ijaers.com/detail/the-effects-of-pesticides-on-humans-and-the-environment/ Moises da Silva Martins, Helena Cassia de Oliveira http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/26IJAERS-06202213-TheEffects.pdf Apical periodontitis (AP) is characterized by a peri-root inflammatory process presented by the host's immune response, from infections that affect the root canal system. The objective of this study was to verify the prevalence of apical lesions in digital periapical radiographs performed in a public dental care service in the northern region of Brazil. To this end, 3967 digital periapical radiographs performed on patients seen in 2019 were analyzed and classified using the Ørstavik periapical index (PAI). A total of 7172 teeth were analyzed. Four hundred and twenty-one of these teeth had already received endodontic treatment with root filling. The prevalence of AP in teeth without endodontic treatment was equivalent to 14.6%. In teeth with TE, the prevalence was 33.5%. The overall prevalence, when at least one tooth of an individual had apical periodontitis, was 49.9%. The prevalence found was lower than the reported worldwide prevalence, but still considered high in this specific population and indicates the need for directing public policies to improve this condition. http://ijaers.com/detail/prevalence-of-apical-periodontitis-in-a-public-dental-service-in-northern-brazil/ Laíssa Gualberto Silva de Araújo, Larissa Macedo Marques, Ana Claudia Garcia Rosa, Eduardo Zambaldi da Cruz, André Machado de Senna http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/27IJAERS-06202216-Prevalence.pdf Chemically, the methyl ester is mono-alkyl esters of long-chain fatty acids derived from raw vegetable oils. Transesterification is a chemical process between triglycerides of vegetable oil and alcohol (i.e. methanol or ethanol) in the presence of a catalyst to obtain methyl or ethyl ester and glycerol as by-product. In this work, the extraction process adopted to obtain biodiesel from mahua seed oil and analyse the properties of mahua methyl ester (MME). For transesterification process, ethanol and KOH catalysts were used. After extraction of MME, analyse the thermo-physical properties and compared with diesel fuel. Also analyse the Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Gas Chromatography (GC) and Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) were conducted. http://ijaers.com/detail/production-and-analysis-the-properties-of-mahua-methyl-ester/ C. Syed Aalam http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/28IJAERS-06202231-Production.pdf A shoaling and breaking water wave model was developed in this study using the velocity potential of the solution of the Laplace equation. Formulation was carried out using Weighted Kinematic Free Surface Boundary Condition Equation, wave number conservation equation, and energy conservation equation. In the Weighted Kinematic Free Surface Boundary Condition equation, a weighting coefficient was used which needs to be determined. The value of the weighting coefficient was extracted from the dispersion equation. The dispersion equation was formulated using Weighted Kinematic Free Surface Boundary Condition and Weighted Momentum Equation to obtain weighting coefficient that meets the hydrodynamic equilibrium equation. By using the weighting coefficient, good shoaling and breaking results were obtained. http://ijaers.com/detail/shoaling-breaking-water-wave-modeling-using-velocity-potential-equation-with-weighting-coefficient-extracted-analytically-from-the-dispersion-equation/ Syawaluddin Hutahaean http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/29IJAERS-06202225-Shoaling.pdf This paper aims to present the study and quantification of the hosting capacity (HC) of a low voltage distribution network composed by photovoltaic distributed generation. The methodology used becomes possible through the implementation of the Probabilistic Method of Monte Carlo with the use of the Python programming language, where the connection point of the distributed photovoltaic generation, power of the generators and the amount of generation systems is randomly chosen. To perform the calculation of the power flow, it is used the OpenDSS software (Open Distribution System Simulator) integrated into the tool in Python from a DLL (Dynamic Link Library). After all the scenarios created, the power, imbalance and RMS voltage are measured in the loads that were installed at the photovoltaic generators and also in the secondary of the transformer. A statistical analysis is performed in order to determine the hosting capacity of the network, that establishes minimum parameters for the imbalance and RMS voltage level to maintain a good Power quality. And finally, since the hosting capacity is dynamic, and cannot be generalized, because at each point of the system has its characteristics and thus it is necessary to identify the HC separately for each busbar. However, it can be pre-established around 60% or 70% of photovoltaic penetration level, since power utilities can install battery banks or relocate consumers to other phases in order to mitigate impacts on the network. http://ijaers.com/detail/study-of-the-hosting-capacity-of-photovoltaic-distributed-generators-in-low-voltage-distribution-networks-a-probabilistic-approach-using-monte-carlo-simulations/ Getúlio Santiago dos Santos Júnior, Olívio Carlos Nascimento Souto, Sérgio Batista da Silva, Fernando Nunes Belchior http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/30IJAERS-06202230-Studyof.pdf In present study, the experiments are carried on sample of different surface roughness to investigate the transient heat transfer phenomenon at the saturated condition of the distilled water. The surface roughness (Ra) ranges from 0.106 μm to 4.03 μm. The boiling crisis is observed during each transient heat supply. The high-speed camera of 1000 fps is used to observe the stages of boiling during different transient and to confirm the moment of critical heat flux (CHF). The empirical relation is presented for transient CHF and corresponding heat transfer coefficient (HTC). It is found that transient CHF is a function of both Ra and γ. The hydrodynamic model is developed for prediction of CHF at different rate of exponential heat supply for the wide range of Ra by incorporating γ. http://ijaers.com/detail/a-chf-model-for-pool-boiling-on-rough-surface-under-exponential-heat-supply/ Avdhoot Walunj, Alangar Sathyabhama, Amol Mande, Ravindra Kolhe, Dattatray Palande http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/31IJAERS-05202238-ACHF.pdf According to the World Health Organization (WHO) (2020), obesity is considered a global public health problem and relates to the death of 2.8 million people per year.Bariatric and metabolic surgery proves to be a great ally against obesity, however, it needs more studies to reaffirm its condition of offering safe treatment and good results in the short and long term.The objective of this study is to analyze the importance of building and disseminating a booklet on the perioperative period of bariatric and metabolic surgery. This is a descriptive, qualitative study carried out through an integrative literature review (ILR).Databases were used: University repositories, VHL, PubMed, Journals, Magazines, Federal Laws and Ordinances, SCIELO, Online Search System and MEDLINE. The study included articles related to the theme of the project, articles with Portuguese language, online and free access to the full text between the years 2012 to 2022, with sixteen (16) references being found.The reading of all the scientific production chosen made it possible to contemplate the researchers' concern in the adoption and development of resources that facilitate communication and in the implementation of effective care surgery in the perioperative period of bariatric surgery for assistance.In view of the above, we can conclude by saying that knowledge and information is of fundamental importance and training of the patient in the preoperative period of bariatric surgery. http://ijaers.com/detail/educational-and-informative-booklet-on-the-perioperative-period-of-bariatric-and-metabolic-surgery-an-integrative-review/ Clayton Alencar Moreira, Eliane Moura da Silva, Lena Cláudia Maia Alencar, Giselly Julieta Barroso da Silva, Tatiana da Silva Mendes, Silvia Ferreira Nunes, Valeria Regina Cavalcante dos Santos, Silvestre Savino Neto, Walda Cleoma Lopes Valente dos Santos, Edilson Ferreira Calandrini http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/32IJAERS-06202215-Educational.pdf The criminal recidivism, aggravating circumstance of the penalty, is one of the oldest institutes of the Brazilian legal order and, although the uncounted reforms on criminal and criminal procedural law in the course of history, it has suffered very few changes, predominating the automatic imposition in miscellaneous process stages under the justification of crime fighting, without a detailed analysis about the modus operandi, the real objectives and elements. Thus, the following study aims to address the thematic from the study of comparative law in order to demonstrate how the criminal recidivism is applied on the selected countries in this opportunity, what demonstrates several ways to ponder this penalty aggravating, that must be compatible with the respect to the democratic essence of the criminal procedural law, especially the Brazilian one, based on the prevalence of the fundamental rights and guarantees. http://ijaers.com/detail/the-brazilian-criminal-recidivism-reflections-under-the-perspective-of-the-comparative-law/ Lisandra Moreira Martins, Eloísa de Sousa Arruda, Isael José Santana http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/33IJAERS-05202229-Educational.pdf The study aimed to evaluate the presence of SARS-CoV-2 on surfaces in an Intensive Care Unit and to identify the role these surfaces may play in the transmission of this virus. The research was exploratory, descriptive, prospective, experimental research, with quantitative approach, conducted in the second half of 2020 in a public hospital of reference in the care for critically ill patients with COVID-19 in Santarém-Pará.It comprised 45 samples of surfaces of the most touched areas in the adult ITU of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 through RT-PCR: corresponding to 9 (nine) samples for each of the surfaces (on the mattress; side rails and bed control panel; mechanical ventilator circuit; bedside table and infusion pump). The samples were collected during the day in an occupied bed, using a swab on the extension of the surface. In the sequence they were submitted to the extraction process of genetic material, Ribonucleic Acid (RNA), of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, and later submitted to the amplification of the genetic material.According to the data obtained, all the surface samples analyzed in the present study tested negative for SARS-CoV-2, considering that the analysis was performed in ITU, in the period when inpatients were infected with SARS-CoV-2 and in transmissibility phase. These results suggest that the risk of exposure to a contaminated surface within an ITU is low, provided that preventive measures and sanitization routines are maintained.Cleaning and disinfection of care surfaces, using the standard protocol recommended by the National Health Surveillance Agency - Anvisa, are considered effective measures in containing SARS-CoV-2 transmission and infectivity. http://ijaers.com/detail/detection-of-sars-cov-2-on-surfaces-of-an-intensive-care-unit/ Irinéia de Oliveira Bacelar Simplício, Monica Karla Vojta Miranda, Adriana Barrinha Fernandes, Fernanda da Silva Lima, Jociléia da Silva Bezerra, Mariane Santos Ferreira, Carlos José de Lima, Nelly Vinhote, Leandro Procópio Alves http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/34IJAERS-06202222-Detection.pdf With an estimation of more than 35 billion interconnected smart devices by the end of 2021, Internet of Things (IoT) is one of the most rapidly growing technologies in the last decade. However, the complexity nature of IoT systems and the exponential amount of data collected and exchanged between Things relieve a big challenge in terms of security and privacy. Implementing classical security measures, such as encryption, authentication, access control, network and application security for IoT devices is no more effective against sophisticated Cyber-attacks. Artificial intelligence (AI) approaches such as Machine Learning (ML), Deep Learning (DL) and Blockchain can be leveraged to enhance the security of IoT and deal with its various problems. In this paper, we will describe the IoT technology and its domain of application, the protocols used to communicate between smart devices, security issues and existing AI solution. http://ijaers.com/detail/artificial-intelligence-approaches-for-iot-security-state-of-art/ Ismail Chahid, Mohammed Benabdellah http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/35IJAERS-0120225-Artificial.pdf Waterway transportation is a very ancient mobility solution. Amazon region represents a good case study, where waterway transport played and is still playing a very important role. Nevertheless, passenger waterway transportation lacks economic models that help in designing and implementing strategies towards sustainability. In this work, a cost model of passenger waterway transportation was developed based on the assumptions of activity-based costing and used linear programming for cost optimization under demand and service level restrictions, with an objective-function of profit maximization of service. The model was applied in a passenger waterway transportation company to three crossings in Belém city - Brazil, for passengers and cargo, and vehicle transportation, operating on trips between Belém and Marajó Island. Different simulations in order to explore the opportunities and conditions of operational cost reductions were made. The search was for the best relation between cost and profit, i. e., model parameters include variable cost, profit and maximum number of possible trips. On results, cost reduction alternatives were established in order to reach the maximum profit and number of trips. The model proved to be useful for the design of sustainable waterway transportation services through the analysis of feasible and effective cost reduction strategies. http://ijaers.com/detail/sustainability-of-passenger-waterway-transportation-under-demand-and-service-level-constraints-a-case-study-in-bel-m-brazil/ Maisa Sales Gama Tobias, Marcus Pinto da Costa da Rocha, Paulo Sérgio Lima Pereira Afonso http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/36IJAERS-06202223-Sustainability.pdf Intellectual property rights have their roots in the Paris Conventions (1883) and Bern (1883) and will materialize in contemporary society through TRIPS. Brazil, as a signatory country to these international agreements, sought to adapt its domestic System of knowledge protection. However, it was a relatively tardy measure, considering that implementation took place, in the late 1970s, through the Industrial Property Law (Law nº 9279/1996), which had a high cost to the country in terms of development. As if the time delay were not enough, the protection of knowledge in Brazil was born out of date, considering the advance of patent rights on biotechnology. By denying patents on genetic and modified material, the country opened its borders to patent applications requirements from developed nations, based on TRIPS. Thus, from the dialectical method combined with the hypothetical-deductive method, this work seeks to investigate the intellectual property rights of Brazil, having international treaties and national legislation as references. The results show that the country paid dearly for the negligence in protecting its knowledge, which placed it in the rear of scientific and technological development, and resulting in the expansion of the technological domain of developed nations in Brazilian territory. http://ijaers.com/detail/importance-of-regulation-in-the-brazilian-intellectual-property-legal-system-and-the-consequences-of-the-delay-for-the-development-of-the-country/ Guilherme Aparecido da Silva Maia, Lídia Maria Ribas http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/37IJAERS-06202220-Importance.pdf Cross-cultural adaptation is a process that involves the transfer of knowledge between different cultures. Therefore, for a psychological instrument to be used in another country, for example, it is necessary to follow methodological rigors for an effective final model. In the field of oncology, research on the concept of dignity is incipient in most of the countries and one of the precursors of this concept was the Canadian psychiatrist, Harvey Chochinov. A model called the Dignity Model was developed and resulted in an inventory (Patient Dignity Inventory). The objective of this research is to carry out a screening on the cross-cultural adaptation studies of the Patient's Dignity Inventory. It is an integrative literature review to verify the main studies published databases about validation of the Patient Dignity Inventory. MEDLINE, LILACS, Scielo and Google Scholar databases were used to track adaptation studies. The keywords "Patient Dignity Inventory" AND "Validation" OR "Cross Cultural" were used for the collection of articles. In the initial results, 121 articles were found. After applying all filters, 19 articles were found within the criteria selected for review. It was noticed that most of the studies used rigorous methods, resulting in inventories with satisfactory psychometric properties for use in another culture. http://ijaers.com/detail/screening-for-cross-cultural-adaptations-of-the-patient-s-dignity-inventory/ Alessandra do Nascimento Cavalcanti, Karina Danielly Cavalcanti Pinto, Eulália Maria Chaves Maia http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/38IJAERS-06202226-Screening.pdf In the 2022 and later we know that the technology will have a key participation to help us in all kind of tasks mainly using internet connection, due the new normality. Industry 4.0 has been one of the most relevant field. IoT as part of it. This Systematic Literature Review (SLR) we will cover the South America countries and their development status, addressing the development categories and the Hardware that has been cited on papers on the last 5 years. http://ijaers.com/detail/systematic-literature-review-slr-development-of-the-iot-industry-in-the-south-america-region/ Izialber Muniz, Douglas Castro da Silva, Bryan Alexander Saravia http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/39IJAERS-06202236-Systematic.pdf The World Health Organization pronounced prevention, control, and management measures necessary from the state of a pandemic by coronavirus (SARS-Cov-2). Planning in situations of uncertainty is a task that aims to discover, evaluate, and face this circumstance. Objective: to describe a computerized solution for the distance control in establishments authorized to operate in the municipality of Gravataí (State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil), from May 1 to August 19, 2020. Results: The legal responsible for the establishment had to declare the customer service total area, administrative/production sector, and the total number of workers. The rule applied was the distance of at least 2 m² among people. A matrix determined by the system of colored flags was used to place a set of deliberations aimed to prevent and confront the COVID-19 epidemic, following mandatory protocols and specific criteria related to economic activities. Conclusion: The automated computerized solution to control distancing was useful for management in terms of inspection and quick decision-making, as it provided the necessary information regarding compliance with municipal and state decrees regarding the prevention of the new coronavirus. http://ijaers.com/detail/a-computerized-solution-for-controlled-distancing-in-a-municipality-in-the-state-of-rio-grande-do-sul-brazil/ Patrícia Silva da Silva, Nicolas Ferreira dos Santos, Ronaldo Bordin, Rita de Cássia Nugem http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/40IJAERS-06202232-Acomputerized.pdf The relevance of the work of cooperatives and associations of recyclable material collectors was recognized by Law 12,305/10, which also encouraged solid waste collectors to meet in cooperatives and associations. In this scenario, the National Council of Justice (CNJ) determined that it was mandatory for all Brazilian courts to adopt measures of public sustainability policies, as well as the implementation of the Sustainable Logistics Plan of the Judiciary (PLS-PJ). The research carried out a qualitative approach, conducting interviews with the cooperative members of the Work Cooperative of Recyclable Solid Waste Collectors (COOPAGRES) that has a partnership with the Forum Judge Rodolfo Aureliano, located in the city of Recife-PE. The research results identified that it is necessary to remedy the communication deficiency between the Forum and the Cooperative, as well as to include the participation of the association and its associates in the construction of the plan (PGRS) of the Forum and in its execution, so that the practices are adopted in an ecologically correct manner. This is the search for social and economic inclusion and recognition of solid waste collectors. http://ijaers.com/detail/the-management-of-solid-waste-in-the-rodolfo-aurelian-forum-case-study/ Amara Rosa Amaral de Carvalho, Eduardo Antonio Maia Lins, Talden Queiroz Farias, Diogo Henrique Fernandes da Paz, Daniele de Castro Pessoa de Melo, Wanderson dos Santos Sousa http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/41IJAERS-06202250-TheManagement.pdf The present work showed that a wide diversity of fungi was found in the environment where the Collection Academia Brasileira de Ciências is stored, in the Henrique Morize Library, being this diversity quite common in spaces storing this kind of cellulosic material. Fungal genera such as Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Rhizopus and Trichoderma were identified through modern Molecular Biology techniques. The presence of these fungal genera is probably associated to climatization and humidity control, which prevent the occurrence of a wider diversity of microbes. However, two fungal genera, Trichoderma and Rhizopus, resisted 137Cs irradiation doses with up to 19 kGy, considered high for the elimination of fungi. On the other hand, in the National Library, particularly in some sectors, an even higher diversity of fungal species/genera was observed, a fact that seems to be compatible with the size of the library, with a much higher circulation of people. This higher microbial diversity indicated the occurrence of fungal species absolutely uncommon for in libraries and archives, such as: Diaphorte, Trametes, Arxotrichum, Grammothele, Pessiophora, Phebia and Talaromyces. Just successive samplings in the same areas will allow a confirmation if these fungal genera are permanent of occasional, due to some oscillation in the operation of circulation systems or a possible transport of these species from the outside to the library, which allows those species to remain latent in relation to growth. All microbial samples from the National Library, survived irradiation up to 16kGy. http://ijaers.com/detail/gamma-radiation-137cs-for-the-treatment-against-resistant-fungi-in-two-brazilian-libraries/ Antonio Carlos Augusto da Costa, Mayara Nascimento Arbach, Ana Cristina de Melo Ferreira, Márcia Teresa Soares Lutterbach, Ana Lucia Chaves de Oliveira http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/42IJAERS-06202251-Gamma.pdf Digital exclusion is a phenomenon which nearly impacts all sectors of society, causes inequalities, compromises civic engagement networks and that may lead to social exclusion. This work proposes a debate about the research conducted by Celestino & Valente (2022) on digital exclusion, and aims to identify its nuances within a time period of two decades (2000-2021), as well as its involvements in social, cultural and democratic issues. The phenomenon of digital exclusion has been researched in an holistic approach and geared towards certain groups and specific contexts, but the infrastructural issue is still a major factor in the development of policies and projects for digital inclusion. http://ijaers.com/detail/digital-exclusion-nuances-of-a-phenomenon-which-causes-inequalities-and-compromises-civic-engagement-in-information-society/ Marcelo Salvador Celestino, Vânia Cristina Pires Nogueira Valente http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/43IJAERS-06202239-DigitalExclusion.pdf The study aimed to investigate, through the literature, the historical evolution and perspectives of the humanization process of care during childbirth. This is a bibliographic research, in which two databases were searched, namely: SciELO and LILACS, with national publications in the last 10 years. Fourteen scientific articles were analyzed using articles published in Portuguese as inclusion criteria; full articles and articles published and indexed in the aforementioned databases in the period from 2012 to 2022. As a result, it became evident that the humanization of childbirth is very current and still occurs as a reaction to several procedures performed without indication, requiring efforts to all the subjects involved, seeking to guarantee the woman quality and comprehensive care, which requires from all the actors involved with health care efforts to abolish aggressive behavior. It was concluded that the movement for the humanization of childbirth shows that the issue of birth is also the responsibility of the government and, given the current problems such as those related to the infrastructure weaknesses of the health network in Brazil, it is also configured as a health issue public. http://ijaers.com/detail/process-of-humanization-of-childbirth-historical-evolution-and-perspectives/ Nayara Sousa de Mesquita, Pamela Nery do Lago, Ana Paula Caetano Pereira, Mariana Regina Pinto Pereira, Carla Renata dos Santos, Carolina Costa Pinto, Ronaldo Gomes Rodrigues, Valéria Cristina de Sousa, Juliana da Silva Mata, Simone Aparecida de Souza Freitas, João Eduardo Pinho, Natália Borges Pedralho, Priscila de Oliveira Martins, Vinícius Martins Machado, Marilza Alves de Souza, Siomara Jesuina de Abreu Rodrigues, Mariângela Ferraz Rodrigues Araújo, Daniela de Sousa Azeredo, Rosana Silva Amarante, Tami Silva Nunes, Rosiana Lima Prado, Rafaela Bezerra Gama Guimarães, Fabiana Ribeiro da Silva Braga, Karla Patrícia Figueirôa Silva, Kiwisunny Galvão Franzoi, Cláudia Caetano Fagundes, Juliane Guerra Golfetto, Leticia do Nascimento, Manuela Amaral Almeida Costa, Daiane Medina de Oliveira, Gisele da Silva Batista Romero, Maria Ivanilde de Andrade, Samanntha Lara da Silva Torres Anaisse http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/44IJAERS-06202246-Processof.pdf Fish is one of the healthiest food sources once it has proteins, vitamins, minerals and the omega-3 polyunsaturated lipids. Nevertheless, to be healthy, the protein in fish meat must not have contaminants further than allowed. This study aimed to investigate the preclinical toxicologic effects of consumption of fish meat from Cachoeira river (Joinville, Santa Catarina, Brazil). Groups of rats were divided and received for a month: standard ration, farmed fish meat and fish meat from Cachoeira river twice a week. One day after the last exposition, animals were euthanized and blood, spleen, heart, liver, kidney, cerebellum, and cerebral cortex were collected to measure oxidative stress, biochemical and hematological parameters. Metals levels were also analyzed in fish meat by atomic emission spectrometry. Significant elevation of carbonylated proteins were observed in heart and liver and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in liver, plasma and cerebellum were observed. Total sulfhydryl content decreased significantly in cerebellum, liver and heart, and decreased catalase activity in the liver and superoxide dismutase activity in the kidneys were also present among rats who consumed fish meat from Cachoeira river. No modification of hematological parameters was observed, and only significant decrease of HDL occurred among biochemical parameters. Analysis of metals in river fish meat showed a fivefold increase in zinc and aluminum compared to farmed fish meat. Short-term exposure to fish meat from the Cachoeira River resulted in increased oxidative stress, liable to be transferred through the food chain, possibly associated with the increased presence of heavy metals. http://ijaers.com/detail/preclinical-toxicological-evaluation-of-the-consumption-of-fish-from-the-cachoeira-river-hydrographic-basin-in-rats/ Sônia dos Santos Toriani, Larissa Delmônego, Heloiza Fiamoncini, Maria Helena Packer, Aline Scheller Coan, Paula Roberta Perondi Furtado, Eduardo Manoel Pereira, Débora Delwing-Dal Magro, Daniela Delwing-de Lima, Therezinha Maria Novais de Oliveira http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/45IJAERS-0620228-Preclinical.pdf Purpose. The aim of this study was to assess the occurrence and type of complications with mandibular Kennedy Class I removable partial denture (RPD) over time. Materials and Methods. A total of 65 patients wearing mandibular free-end RPD and maxillary complete denture (CD) treated at the Department of Dentistry of Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) were evaluated. The tests were conducted after 2, 6 and 12 months. Annual follow-up was also accomplished after the 12-month evaluation. Complications or failures were recorded in a specific clinical report over 39 months. The failures were classified as: ulceration after 2 months of denture insertion, loss of retention, fracture or caries in rest seat, fracture or displacement of artificial teeth, fracture of a major connector, fracture of a clasp, fracture of the rest, relining and fracture of the denture. Results. Low complication rate was reported and most of the cases occurred after 2 years of denture insertion. Loss of retention was the most common complication (31.57%). Fracture of the metallic framework components was not a frequent occurrence and only one patient reported a fracture of a major connector (5.3%). Conclusion. The treatment with mandibular free-end RPD showed low failure rates after 39 months of periodical follow-up. http://ijaers.com/detail/occurrence-and-type-of-complications-associated-with-mandibular-bilateral-removable-partial-denture-prospective-cohort-data/ Ana Clara Soares Paiva Tôrres, Ana Larisse Carneiro Pereira, Kássia de Carvalho Dias, Rachel Gomes Cardoso, Patrícia dos Santos Calderon, Adriana da Fonte Porto Carreiro http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/46IJAERS-06202219-Occurrence.pdf Food presents as a vital necessity, necessary for the conservation of life and well-being of individuals. This process is considered a basic requirement for health promotion, contributing to human growth and development with quality. Healthy food is one that keeps the body in a state of health, when it prioritizes adequate food, in quantities and quality, at the right times, and that contains varied nutrients to achieve satisfactory benefits for the health of the body and thus contribute to the acquisition of quality of life (BUSATO et al., 2021). The objective of this work was to discuss the main factors associated with Food Consumption and Nutritional Status of schoolchildren, based on a critical review on the subject. To review the topic, the following databases were consulted: BIREME and CAPES journal, covering the period from 2018 to 2021. The descriptors used in the search were: "food consumption", "nutritional assessment", "nutritional status," " school” and “school health”. The research results indicate, through the analysis of the scientific literature, a low consumption of in natura and healthy foods among schoolchildren, in addition to the high consumption of processed and ultra-processed foods, resulting in changes in the nutritional status and consequently in the health of the investigated population, with the presence of overweight and obesity, dyslipidemia and increased blood glucose, predisposing factors for cardiovascular diseases. Thus emphasizing the importance of the debate on the subject in future research. http://ijaers.com/detail/food-consumption-and-anthropometric-evaluation-of-students-in-elementary-school-literature-review/ Adriele Nayara Cruz Leal, Udsom Felipe Moraes Borges, Aline Vitória dos Prazeres Lima, Marcelo Pio da Silva Tvares, Heloisy Andrea da Costa Brasil, Letícia Flávia de Oliveira Borges, Aléxia Maria Santos Araújo, Rayssa Nayara Abrahão Sousa, Adadely Françoise Maria Moura Ribeiro¹, Paula Raimunda Araújo Teixeira, Maria Selma Alves da Silva, Fabiana Costa Cardoso, Luísa Margareth Carneiro da Silva http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/47IJAERS-06202242-FoodConsumption.pdf The article aims to discuss conflicts and tensions in the Portuguese police system, from its historical process, from Monarchy to the Republic, from the New State to the present day. A structure and understandings they have about the police system are reflected in the Portuguese bibliography and in the perceptions of police officers who live with these pensions in their activities. In this investigation, information was collected from the GNR through ethnography and the application of questionnaires to guards, cables and officers. The questionnaire was prepared in view of the questions and objectives of this article and was applied to the Detachment of Sintra in its sub-stations: Sintra, Alcabideche and Colares. The structure of the Portuguese police system has institutional advances in the European context and they are a substantial part of the success in controlling crime and the system's flexibility to adapt to the context of political, cultural and technological changes. On the other hand, the corporate and individual ethos conditioned by the identity tension of each police force and the pressure from the political field keeps disputes between the monitored organizations. http://ijaers.com/detail/the-portuguese-police-system-conflicts-and-tension/ José da Cruz Bispo de Miranda http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/48IJAERS-06202252-ThePortuguese.pdf The present study aimed to characterize the nutritional status of children aged zero to five years in the Metropolitan Health Region I between the years 2016 to 2020. This is a descriptive quantitative study with secondary data from the National Food and Nutrition Surveillance System (SISVAN - WEB). The collection of these data was carried out from June to July 2021. The results showed high percentages of children with nutritional deficits, such as Low Weight for Age, Low Height for Age and Low BMI for Age, as well as a significant percentage of eutrophic children and with High Weight for Age in the five municipalities from which the data were extracted (Belém, Ananindeua, Benevides, Marituba and Santa Barbara do Pará). It was possible to identify that nutritional problems caused by economic, demographic and social factors are directly impacting the nutritional status of children belonging to metropolitan health region I. http://ijaers.com/detail/nutritional-status-of-children-under-five-years-of-age-in-the-metropolitan-health-region-i-state-of-par-sisvan-web-2016-to-2020/ Rosangela Santos Nonato, Bruna Macedo Lopes, Ananda Leticia Silva Cabral, Paula Rayssa Lobato da Silva, Paula Raimunda Araújo Teixeira, Lediane Nunes Camara, Barbara Vitoria Monteiro Reis Augusto, Caroline Priscila Oliveira dos Santos, Laura dos Santos Barros, Fabiana Costa Cardoso, Luísa Margareth Carneiro da Silva http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/49IJAERS-06202247-Nutritional.pdf According to the INCA National Cancer Institute, cancer is a term that encompasses more than 100 different types of malignancies that have in common the disordered growth of cells, which can invade adjacent tissues or distant organs. The evolution of cancer is directly correlated with preventive actions, which aim to prevent it from developing, encompassing actions to reduce the risks of having the disease. Cancer prevention encompasses actions taken to reduce the risks of having the disease. By avoiding exposure to risk factors and adopting a healthier lifestyle, early detection and treatment of pre-malignant diseases (e.g. polyps in the intestinal walls) or early asymptomatic cancers that often enables successful treatment, even leading to cure. The present work makes a reflective study on the challenges of implementing public policies for the prevention of colorectal cancer and its economic and social impact. We take as a theoretical basis the considerations of CANCELA (2019), LIMA (2015) and SCANDIUZZI et all (2019) in addition to the data provided by INCA and the Ministry of Health. The bibliographic analysis reveals that public policies for the prevention of colorectal cancer are still very scarce in view of the magnitude in which the disease has been growing. Screening and early detection is an action aimed at the population in the subclinical phase with the objective of reducing the incidence of invasive cancer and the mortality rate, still so little explored by public managers.It is concluded that access to treatment for colon and rectal cancer is unequal in Brazil, and depends on the resources available in each region of the country and that socioeconomic and clinical factors are associated with the waiting time for the start of treatment, thus reflecting, barriers to timely access to treatment. There is an urgent need to create screening protocols and conditions for the implementation of public policies that value the work of colorectal cancer prevention. There are also strategies that require greater encouragement even from the Ministry of Health itself, such as health education actions to raise awareness of the population, training of health professionals and articulation of the system with the service network, seeking to carry out diagnostic tests. and facilitating access to treatment. http://ijaers.com/detail/coloretal-cancer-prevention-and-screening-before-the-economic-and-social-impact-of-costs-for-cancer-treatment-in-brazil/ Ana Carolina Alves Diniz Dornelas, Daniel Rodrigues Silva http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/50IJAERS-06202240-Coloretal.pdf In a globalized world with information on environmental issues, it is observed an increasing number of researches focusing on issues related to soil and water pollution. In this context, the reuse of domestic waters (gray waters) for reuse in agriculture with ecological technology, appears as one of the alternatives to equate water demand and supply, especially in the caatinga biome of the semiarid northeast, characterized by low rainfall. Several techniques are being studied and phytoremediation among the other techniques has had a differentiated attention due to its efficiency and low cost. This study is based on the literature review of several works developed in Brazil and in the world, all related exclusively to the theme. This Review was developed through the analysis of the available material on the in the international databases SciELO, Science Direct, Springer Journal, Embase and PubMed, as well as dissertations and theses that were developed in the area of the use of phytoremediation for effluent treatment. http://ijaers.com/detail/residential-graywater-treatment-through-phytoremediation/ Fábio José de Matos Barbosa, Helder Ribeiro Freitas, Denes Dantas Vieira, Míriam Cleide Cavalcante de Amorim, Jose Getúlio Gomes Sousa http://ijaers.com/uploads/issue_files/52IJAERS-06202249-Residential.pdf