The Crime Scene: Considerations about the State of Rondônia, Brazil

This article presents the crime scenario in the state of Rondônia using as the time frame of 2010 to 2016. The overall objective of the research is to analyze the levels of crime in the state of Rondonia (Brazil), comparing it with other federal units have similar prison population. As a research problem seeks to answer: Investments in public safety have reflected in decreasing rates of crime and violence? The research has to approach nature with quantitative and qualitative use of secondary data through bibliographical and documentary studies. The research results it was found that Rondônia is among Brazilian states, one that dedicates part of their income to totalitarian public safety segment.

INTRODUCTION It is very current state that the prison system crisis is a concern that affects our country. In narrower scenario, the North is in evidence because of this conflict, motivated by numerous echoes issues in riots and massacres that highlight the interference of a delicate area of Brazil. Delicate because it deals with the ability to punish those who broke the law and caused damage of all kinds. Gentler yet, would discuss this punitive capacity and compare it with the ideals of justice, which, due to its subjectivity generate contrary discussions and often unsolvable. It is too inconclusive to define if it's just the application of a shame, since the place where it is fulfilled not only generates the deprivation of liberty, but in many cases also the deprivation of fundamental rights. This article presents the crime scenario in the state of Rondônia using as the time frame of 2010 to 2016. The overall objective of the research is to analyze the levels of crime in the state of Rondônia, comparing it with other federal units that have prison population similar. The study also adopts the variable comparison of investments in public safety in the Brazilian states in order to answer the following question: Investments in public safety have reflected in decreasing rates of crime and violence? The answer to this question is relevant to allow the construction of strategies for rehabilitation, watching as a tool for fighting crime. According to Pastore (2011, p. 41) the crime "is human behavior that violates the law and subject the author to penalties of deprivation of liberty, suspension or interdiction of rights, alternative social provis ion and fine." According to the author, in Brazil there are the "death sentences, in perpetuity, forced labor, banishment or cruel." About this statement to raise two main issues: the first is the end of the sentence, that is, regardless of which system the condemnation is given, the criminal, which no longer will be so designated, will return to social life; the other issue is humanitarian bias, where he discusses how cruel is worth, given that Brazil is characterized by the prison system crisis, overpopulation in prisons and subhuman conditions, considering basic rights such as health, Decree-Law No. 3,914 / 41 establishes that crime is a criminal offense in which the law confers in isolation, cumulative or alternative to imprisonment or detention with a fine. This is the legal concept of crime (BRAZIL, 1941st).
At the crime field of study has criminology which is regarded as the science that investigates and seeks to explain the legal violation, as well as the means by which society deals with crime, care for the victim and the focus on the criminal (SHECAIRA, 2012, p. 35). Means the criminal offense as a genre that makes up the species crime and misdemeanor. The concept of crime is already clear on the punishment by imprisonment and detention, and such imprisonment be cumulated with a fine. Already the misdemeanor is understood as the fact that less potential offensive to society, assuming maximum simple imprisonment and may provide application only fine (BRAZIL, 1941b). Silva (2014, p. 16) to the handle on the inability of the penal state with the growing crime says that "the issue of combating the crime by coercion is intertwined with authoritarianism characteristic that has always been voiced by the elites." The author explains that this model generates an expansive conflict, where the state punishes the violence that consequently generates more violence through crime.
The prison system is the meeting of administrative actions and equipment used for the execution of custodial sentences. Its existence is related to the fact that the individual who broke the law, given the nature of the crime, should be separated from society, suffering so, punishment and retribution for the offense committed, and also that system, the function of re-socialize the offending individual (IBAIXE JR, 2010). As for crime prevention, Pebble (2009) distinguishes three types of interventions, which were the primary, secondary and tertiary. At first the author explains that prevention is oriented to the root of the problem, working to create conditions that allow citizens to solve social conflicts without the adoption of violent conduct. This is achieved through the provision of education, quality of life, work and social welfare.
In secondary prevention action is aimed at areas that have the highest rates of violence, such as poor communities occupied by drug trafficking. Such action is guided by a penal policy and focused police action, taking place at the moment in which violence manifests itself and where it outsources. Already tertiary prevention, heavily criticized by the author in the face of their inefficiency, involves late initiatives that seek to reduce criminal recidivism rates. Such policies are expressed by the rehabilitation of shares tendered during and post-prison (CALHAU, 2009). Although the fact resocializing policy does not present high efficiency and effectiveness, it is necessary, therefore, discuss it and improve it. This is because the complexity and financial costs demanded by primary prevention in conjunction with the difficulties of the country to provide welfare to its citizens, exposes how delicate and difficult is the resolution of the problem. Not stated, however, that primary prevention is not the best solution, but it is argued that even if it is fully functioning, the prison reality needs to be worked for the social reintegration of that already outsourced violence socially.

Types of crime
Criminal typologies presented in this research consider the crimes listed in official reports on crime in the country, the main one being the Brazilian Yearbook of Public Security issued by the Brazilian Forum on Public Security (FBSP, 2013, 2015 and 2017). In the classification are mentioned crimes against life, sexual freedom, equity and personal injury, as descriptive of Table 1. Carry, facilitate the transport, produce, market, having in possession and supply, even for free, unauthorized substances capable of causing addiction. Source: BRAZIL (1940BRAZIL ( , 2006. Table 1 are or may be classified as heinous crimes, which are those that cause high censorship by society and commotion for hurting human dignity. Listed by Law No. 8,072 / 1990 such criminal acts are not susceptible of amnesty, grace, pardon or bail, whether were tempted or consummated crimes (CNJ, 2018). The crime of murder is considered heinous crime when committed: (a) with the use of torture; (B) a futile motivation; (C) to ensure that go unpunished another crime or (d) for extermination group (BRAZIL, 1990). Law No. 13,142 / 2015 added to the list of heinous crimes very grave bodily injury and / or killing of members of the prison system and the National Public Security Force or against your spouse, partner or relative within the third degree consanguineous (BRAZIL, 2015). It is also cast as crime heinous femicide, which is the murder of women by their gender. Trafficking in narcotics is considered a crime equivalent to heinous. This is because the Law No. 8,072 / 1990 not directly typifies as a crime of this nature, as you do with the crimes of robbery and rape. However in art. 2 of the said legal regulation is indicated that, as the crimes considered heinous, the practice of torture, terrorism and illicit trafficking in narcotics and similar drugs are not amenable to forgiveness (grace, amnesty and pardon) and surety (BRAZIL, 1990 ).

Resocialization
Falconi (1998, p. 122) in his studies conceptualizes social reintegration as an institute of criminal law, which "falls within the own space of Criminal Policy (post-prison), facing the reintroduction of former believes in the social context, aiming to create a modus vivendi between it and society. " The cited author adds that social reintegration is "the crowning achievement of good work to be held in reeducation or rehabilitation." In the absence of a life sentence in Brazil for to highlight the role of rehabilitation that is taken by Julian (2012, p. 57) as socializing again, a concept used primarily within the prison system, which means "the idea that the internal  For the research were also carried out bibliographical and documentary research. In the quantitative analysis we used the MsExcel program. The comparative analysis occurred in two scenarios, the first considered the period from 2010 to 2016 in years; the second aiming to translate latest context used for comparing the first half of 2016 and 2017, since the study was conducted in August 2017. As a criterion of demarcation of the research, were selected for comparative design states with prison population similar to that of Rondônia, allowing the analysis of investments in public safety, size and population of these states.

Characterization of the crime in the state of Rondônia
In the survey was conducted survey on the number of criminal incidents in the state of Rondônia. Table 1 shows the classification of the crime and the number of occurrences per year in the period 2010 to 2016.   Table 1. For the perception of crime rate of evolution elaborated the Table  2 presents the annual and total growth for the period by type of crime.  For the preparation of the latest study, we compared the occurrence number of the first and second half of the years 2016 and 2017, obtaining the results shown in Figure 1 and described in Table 3.  According to the data presented in Figure 1 and Table 3 it can be seen the reduction in most types of crimes, however this is the increase in rape crimes and drug trafficking. The main highlights are as reductions for robbery crimes, car theft, vehicle theft, attempted murder and murder. It conducted further survey of the general population, estimated and prison in order to compare the percentage of incarcerated for state of the federation. Data from general and estimated population were obtained from the latest census conducted in 2010 by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) and those relating to the prison population were collected from the National Survey of Penitentiary Information (BRAZIL, 2014). Based on the prison population of 27 units, Rondônia occupies the 17th position with 7,631 inmates (BRAZIL, 2014). The states with similar prison population include the Amazon (7,455 inmates), Rio Grande do Norte (7081) and Maranhão (6098). Table 4 identifies the relationship between prison and general population of the federated units that occupy the top positions in the national ranking and those with close prison population of the State of Rondonia. It is relevant to point out, as recorded in Table 4, when observed the population recorded in the 2010 census, Rondônia has the second highest percentage of prisoners with regard to their general population, surpassing even federal units that occupy the top ranking. In the same analysis, when considering the estimated population for 2016, Rondonia state still has the second highest In Table 5 was highlighted in orange color the highest percentage recorded each year during the period. it makes clear that the hidden data does not hurt the study, since all temporal interval, Rondonia, Alagoas and Minas Gerais disputed the lead with the largest holdings of government revenue dedicated to public safety in this regard have been identified at the top of the data three highest percentages per year and the three highest averages at end of period (1, 2 and 3). For this issue for the highlights the lack of revenue to information and intelligence as well as the gradual increase of investment for the policing sub-function. In this scenario one has to question whether the lack of investment in intelligence actions justify the high percentage of resources devoted to public security of the state, now that the strengthening of information provision and intelligence is a strategy for the reduction of crime, enabling deconstitution criminal organizations. This practice is also essential for the police action as it will allow the public security manager to decide how, where and what tools need to promote the protection of society. So we have an inverted spiral where rising crime requires more investment One has to question even if the decrease in criminal typology trafficking of drugs is not associated with lack of investment in intelligence and information actions, now that generally trafficking is combated with strategic actions since they are organized networks that have financial capital, personnel and military in large proportions.

V.
FINAL CONSIDERATIONS The research allowed to draw picture of crime in the state of Rondônia, also realizing factors such as investment and population in the analysis. It was found that Rondônia is among Brazilian states, one that dedicates part of their income to totalitarian public safety segment. In general, the Rondonia state invested increasingly in the public security and such application of resources not reflected in the reduction of crime. Add the significant increase in crimes of theft and robbery, characterizing the state as insecure and prevalent in property damage, a fact that disseminates the impediment of power have yet to be allowed to have, it prevents you enjoy. Regarding the relationship of the prison and general population, Rondônia again occupies the top as second state more imprisoned population. The study showed relevant to detail the crime of the State of Rondônia, as in the national ranking holds the 17th position on the prison population, a factor that first investigation would show little significant, considering states with most populous prison systems. As suggestions to the development of new studies, it is cited rehabilitation as an alternative to fighting crime, this because it acts on the reintegration of the convict into society through education, work and citizenship. Integrated rehabilitation for development projects and contribute to the reduction of crime, can generate benefits for the implementation of the labor force and productive in the face of reduced government costs. In this perspective, the cost savings would occur by reducing recidivism rates, labor integration prisoner in providing useful services to society and also by the use of goods and services arising from production systems in prisons.