Outlook of Renewable Energy (Wind Energy) in China

China's rapidly growing economy, population, and energy consumption are all threatening its future environmental sustainability. China faces many ecological challenges, and its reliance on coal is at the heart of most of the country's ecological troubles. Most of China's air pollution emissions come from the industrial and electricity sectors, and the human health costs of China's air pollution are very high. China is the largest global polluter, with more than 25 per cent of total global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, green development could help mitigate climate change and enhance global welfare. Over the past decades, the demand for energy sources has increased by 150% in China, which has made China among the most energyconsuming countries. Most of China's energy consumption comes from coal energy, which accounts for about 78% of all energy sources in China in 2011. China is one of the world's largest wind energy sources, according to data released by the World Wind Energy Association (WWEA), with about 34% of the world's wind energy sources. According to the road map implemented by the Chinese government by exploiting and generating wind energy sources and benefiting from the rapid economic development that China witnessed late, according to this plan by 2020, China is expected to produce about 250 gigawatts (GW). By 2030, production may reach 400 GW of electrical energy generated from wind energy, and by 2050, production may reach 1,000 GW. Keywords— Energy consumption, carbon dioxide (CO2), wind energy, World Wind Energy Association


I. INTRODUCTION
China's science and technology priorities in the energy sector have changed over time with evolving domestic energy needs. The decade that preceded period between (2000)(2001)(2002)(2003)(2004)(2005)(2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010) brought new challenges to the relationship between energy consumption, emissions, and economic growth in China. By 2007, China was the most significant national emitter of CO2 in the world, and by 2010, China became the world's largest energy consumer and producer. Over the past years, China has witnessed significant economic development, with an average annual rate of about 10% of GDP, which has increased the demand for access to new energy sources [1]. Recently, fossil fuels are the primary source of energy consumption in China, and this affects the strategy that China adopts by exploiting renewable energy sources, as well as from environmental pollution while extracting coal from the ground. The pollution problem in China is one of the most important challenges facing the Chinese government, which seeks to reduce environmental pollution of all kinds, such as air pollution, or water and soil pollution. The pollution problem in China is one of the most critical challenges facing the Chinese government, which seeks to reduce the environmental pollution of all kinds, such as air pollution, or water and soil pollution, and caused by several factors, the most important of which are carbon dioxide pollution from factories and pollution resulting from congestion, traffic and transportation [2,3].
China is the world leader in wind power generation, with the largest installed capacity of any country [4]. And the rapid growth in new wind facilities [5]. With its vast land area and long coast, China possesses exceptional wind energy resources [6]. Some estimates indicate that China has about1000 GW of electrical energy that wind turbines can produce onshore and 200 GW of electrical power offshore [7].In 2016, China produced about 149 watts of electrical energy created by wind power, 4% of total electricity consumption throughout China [8].In 2015, China was the second-largest market for the production of electric energy generated from wind energy after the United States with a production capacity of about 7404 GW [9]. By 2020, China's wind power production is expected to reach 250 GW, an increase of about 15% of the total electricity consumed in China [10]. The Chinese government has developed a roadmap for wind energy until 2050. Wind energy targets reach 400 GW by 2030 and 1,000 GW by 2050 [11]. China has identified wind energy as a significant component of growth in the country's economy [12].

RENEWABLE ENERGY IN CHINA.
Recently, the Chinese government has taken several measures to reduce pollution from traditional energy sources such as fossil fuels, as well as the cost resulting from the production of these energy sources and the search for a new, inexpensive, environmentally friendly source. Therefore, the Chinese government must take many measures to advance and develop in this field to provide and produce alternative energy. China ranks first in the rankings of the most available countries for renewable energy, so the government should take advantage of these potentials available in China and take advantage of them. China produced about 728 GW of renewable energy for both wind energy and hydro-power by the end of 2018. Compared to fossil fuel production and nuclear power capacity, renewable energy is growing faster in China.
Although vast amounts of renewable energy are available such as solar energy, wind energy and water, the total renewable energy produced in China in 2015 was 24%, and the rest is electrical energy produced is produced by coal power plants [13]. By 2017, hydro-power production reached about 36.6% of the total renewable energy and 26.4% of the total electric energy in China [14]. By 2013, the Chinese government has developed a plan to increase the work of electrical energy production by renewable energy to reduce carbon dioxide emissions and environmental pollution that adversely affects the healthy life of the country and the citizen [15,16]. China currently aims to install 250 (GW) of wind and 50GW of solar photovoltaic by 2020 (see Table 1). In addition, it appears likely that China will implement renewable power quotas for major generators and grid companies, formulated as the percentage of total generation coming from nonhydropower renewable energy [17].

International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science (IJAERS) [Vol-7, Issue-4, Apr-2020] https://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijaers.74.16 ISSN: 2349-6495(P) | 2456-1908(O)
Wind power is one of the renewable energy which becomes popular because of its availability in huge access. It can be used both small and large scale and also environmentally friendly power [21]. A wind turbine is classified into Horizontal Wind Turbine and Vertical Wind Turbine. wind power is renewable and very flexible. It can be used for various purposes including generating power, lighting in residential buildings, and water pumping for irrigation. Wind energy can be used or constructed everywhere, both in the rural areas, mountains, and plateaus or even in the sea and is also low-cost and environmentally friendly energy sources for communities in rural areas as shown in figure 1.

International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science (IJAERS)
[ From the pie chart that shows the ratio of the total capacity of wind energy in various provinces of China. For the full size of wind energy, the first rank is Xinjiang, that has 12.46 %, and the second rank is West Inner Mongolia, that has 11.74%. the third rank is Gansu, that has 9.68%, from the information . the Xinjiang that have the most of the total capacity of wind energy in China. Installations increased substantially in 2016, with 592 MW of offshore wind power capacity deployed, ranking third in the world behind Germany and the Netherlands. By the end of 2016, the total cumulative offshore wind power capacity in the country was 1.9 GW.
Offshore wind development slower pace in China is mainly due to the lack of experience of domestic turbine manufacturers in the sector. This forces local development to use different products, resulting in Siemens being the largest supplier of offshore wind turbines in China. Another problem is the considerable investment needed and associated risks of offshore development, which discourage private companies.

II. CONCLUSION
China is one of the countries with the most common air pollution problems that affect life in China. Because of global warming, environmental issue, and reducing fossil energy resources, the use of environmentally friendly energy resources, such as solar and wind power, becomes even more urgent and attractive.Wind energy is one of the most important renewable energy that can be utilized in China, as China is one of the largest countries in the capacity of wind energy, with a rate of about 34% of the total wind energy capacity.According to the road map implemented by the Chinese government by exploiting and generating wind energy sources and taking advantage of the rapid economic development that China experienced late, according to this plan by 2020, China is expected to produce about 250 GW. By 2030, production may reach 400 GW of electrical energy generated from wind energy, and by 2050, production may reach 1,000 GW.