The Effectivity of Interactive E-Book Based on Science Process Skills using Android Application for Excretion System Material on Students Science Process Skills

— To identify the effectivity of interactive E-book based on science process skills using Android application for excretion system material on students science process skills, in senior high school. The participants of this research is all of students of class XI Science 2, in SMA Negeri Kalisat, Indonesia. The design applied for this research is One Shoot Case Study, on the three session of the class, with a different sub chapter for each class session. The performance test was used to assess students science process skills. The effectivity of interactive E-book based on science process skills using Android application were analized by performance test result of science process skills of each session. The result have shown an increase of values on each session. Hence, the interactive E-book based on science process skills using Android application for excretion system material effective on student science process skills.


INTRODUCTION
The growing digital technology today demonstrates the use of smartphones with the Android operating system among students is increasing so that today's educators or teachers should seek to bring electronic media closer to students as a means of improving students on learning materials (Smith, 2015). Increased knowledge generated from the development of science and technology is directly proportional to the average usage and the number of users of mobile devices (tablets, smart phones, and others). By 2015, 88% of students ages 13-17 have access to smartphones, so schools shift the policy of banning smartphone use so smartphones can be adapted to today's learning (Clayton and Murphy, 2015).This survey showed a change of societies reading habit. Similarly, a new form of reading called the E-book (electronic book) (Çetin et al., 2016). E-book contains content supported by the material, views, sounds, graphics, animations, videos, movies, and simulations that are presented more varied and interactive and tailored to the educational needs of today's global era compared to conventional books. E-books contains information about materials designed to learn on digital templates and enable to display on mobile devices (Landoni and Diaz, 2003). The E-book has become a sophisticated innovation that is expected to experience progress over time and substite textbook for future prospect (Lynch, 2012;Shen, 2017, Lai andChang, 2011). However, the use of textbooks is still applied in the learning process at school. E-book provides facilities to students to obtain many information sources troughout hyperlink inserted into it so as to contribute to the various needs of teaching and learning process by providing various advances features (Shiratuddin et al., 2006). In addition, to increase the level of student interaction with learning content delivered to students (Gong et al., 2013;Tsang et al., 2013). The use of E-book on mobile devices such as smartphones and tabs, makes it easy for users to access information anywhere and anytime so that learning becomes efficient (Clark et al, 2008;Shelburne, 2009).
The research of interactive E-book has been done by Biranvad and Khasseh (2014) about impact of E-book to academic status, similar research conducted by Fyfe (2014) about E-book in high education, Ebied and Rahman (2015) has done research about interactivy of E-book on students achevement, development of E-book by Çetin et al., (2016), and integrate E-book into academik learning by Berg and Dawson (2010). Learning using smart phones can not be separated from technological advances, so the use of smart phones in Indonesia is increasing from year to year. The ability of science process skills can be supported by the use of media in learning.
Scientific process skills are used to help students gain a more long term memory understanding of the material so they are expected to be able to solve all kinds of daily life problems, especially in the face of global competition (Abungu et al., 2014). Science process skills has contribution to attaining advance knowledge, skills, and productive communication with society (Gultepe, 2016). Scientific process skills as one of the most important part of curricula (Padilla, 1990), therefore in Curricula 2013 with 2016 revision at Indonesia focuses on science process skills wich set forth in Core Competencies (KI) 3, and KI-4. The content that consist of material and science concepts also process consist of essential skills that students need to gain (Inan, 2010). Science process skills are one of the main goal to be gained in science education because these skills used not only by scientist and students, but also by everyone, to be scientifically educated because scientific process is one of procedure that is fundamentally shape by critical and analitical thinking (Türkmen and Kandemir, 2011). However, research on interactive Ebook needs to be further developed, particularly interactive E-book based on science process skills using Android application for excretion system material on student process skill in learning.

II. METHODOLOGY
This type of research is research and development (R and D). This research include research and development because developed an E-book. E-book has developed become interactive E-book based on science process skills using Android application for excretion system material for class XI senior high school. This research uses prototyope development which adopted from Sugiyono (2011), include 3 steps, consist of (1) intoduction, (2) design, and (3) development. The subject of this research and development research is students in class XI Science 2 SMA Negeri Kalisat, Indonesia academic year 2017/2018. The reaserch design was used One Shoot Case Study, by using one groups of samples that is class XI Science 2, and the measured their science process skills performance based on result observation. Students science process skills measurement were made three times at three session in each class.

III. RESULTS
The research is aim to know the effectivity interactive E-book needs to be further developed, particularly interactive E-book based on science process skills using Android application for excretion system material on student science process skills. The aspects of science process skill that was measured consist of (1) observing, (2) answer or ask question, (3) predict, (4) communicate, and 5 (conclude). These aspects included in basic science process skill. Measurement of student science process skill is using performance test, those each aspects will be scored by two competencied observers. Then, the score of each aspect is summed and changed in the form of value (formula 1), after that described by category. Scoring of each aspect using Likert scale 1 to 5. The category of each science process skills value can be seen at Table 1. Then, the result of student science skills can be seen in Table 2.   Table 2 is showed the result science process skills of each session. The science process skills value in the session 1 to 3 are follows 66,7, 72,5, and 79,6. The value in session 1 can be categorized students science process skills is "medium", and then session 2 to 3 is "high" based on Table 1, because of value increases affect to categorization. The average of students science process skills value from session 1 to 3 is 72,9, and its category is "high".

IV.
DISCUSSION Based on the Table 2, it can be seen that students science process skills values from session 1 to 3 is increased. It mean that interactive E-book based on science process skills using Android application for excretion system material is effective on student science process skills. That happen because the availability of material features, videos, pictures, and "Challenge" feature is the form of bases science process skills in E-book that developed in this research. Games provide energy in teaching, trigger innovative thinking, and make learning concepts easier for students to understand. The game offers a medium for students to explore and introsperse information in a fun way (Fuszard, 2001). Supported by statement from Siahaan (2017), that use of technology will stiumulate students to be more active during the learning process and engage student in beahvior and mental processes. Hence, with the support of technology will give students the opportunity to work with science, and obtain knowledge well because they understand the facts and concepts of science Studying activities that involving students with technoloigies are very entertaining with the rapid of technological development of today, feels enjoy and happy, can support students learning process (Biggs, 2014). In line with the Kalemkuş et al., (2016), if science and technology has an important role in training individuals who have science process skills observing, collecting data, answer question, critical thinking, communicate, identify problems, troubleshoot, predicting, conclude, and well searching information skills.

V.
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS Based on the result and discussion, there is an increase in the value of students science process skills while using interactive E-book based on science process skills using an Android application in excretion system material in the learning process. So it can be inferred that the interactive E-book based on science process skills using Android application in excretion system material is effective to students science process skills.
Use of the interactive E-book based on science process skills using Android application in excretion system material can be done if there is internet connection. Hence, suggestions that can be given for further research are 1) interactive E-book based on science process skills using Android application in excretion system material can be used without internet connection, so could economically saving; 2) interactive E-book based on science process skills using Android application in excretion system material can be installed on other operation system in smartphone, example iOS; and 3) interactive E-book based on science process skills using Android application in excretion system material can be supplemented with other Biology material.