Analysis of UV-B Absorption by Fiber Plastic/Glass with Various Colors using UV-VIS Spectrometer

Sunlight is the main source of light for living things on earth. Sunlight contains various spectra of electromagnetic waves including ultraviolet and visible light. Various effects of UV B radiation are already known. This study aims to determine the absorption characteristics of UV-B of several transparent materials. The transparent materials used in this study are fiber plastic and mica film plastic in blue, green and natural. To find out the absorption spectrum of the transparent material, the researcher used a UV-Vis spectrometer. Measurement data shows that glass fiber and the blue mica film POP-1 materials have very strong UV-B absorption which is more than 90%. While other mica film materials have various UV-B absorption at the beginning and at the end of the various UV-B spectrum with 70% values. Blue Mica film POP-1 material has absorption of about 94%. Green NIPON mica film material has 86% absorption at the beginning of the spectrum and about 82% at the end. The absorption of materials towards UV-B radiation is not linear with the increased wavelength.


I. INTRODUCTION
Sun is the biggest main source of universe that will never run out ( Holzinger and Lütz, 2006: 191). The concentration of the ozone layer is most influential in the UV-B region which includes ultraviolet whose energy is high enough (Caldwell et al. In Hollósy, 2002: 179). UV-B can cause cancer through mutations in DNA cells (Panchuau and Tiwari, 2008: 128-136). The same thing was also conveyed by Kataria et al. (2014: 2) that the disruptive effects of UV-B radiation on photosynthesis and its production level in plants are well aware.
This study is to describe the UV-B absorption to some transparent materials with various colors. a. Prepare the tools and materials Things to do before conduction research are:

II. METHOD OF RESEARCH
1. The spectrometer should be in calibrated already 2. Prepare the transparent materials with 2 cm x 2 cm of size b. Research After the tools and materials are prepared, the research can be done by measuring the absorbance of each color and material.
c. Data Analysis The data obtained from the spectrometer is analyzed and calculated in Excel of MS. office then the data is processed and presented in graphical form so that it is easy to discuss. d. Discussion After analyzing the data, the researcher knows the characteristics of the material and can discuss the characteristics in accordance with the theories that have existed before or produce something different. e. Conclusion Later, the researcher concludes the finding of the research  Data presentation Technique Data measurement of spectrometer is presented in the form of graphic as follows: Figure 2. Graphic of absorption measurement data

Measurement of data in this study is carried out in
June 2017 at the Analytical Chemistry Laboratory of the Chemical Program of the FMIPA Bandung Institute of Technology. From the measurement data that has been processed in Microsoft Excel software and presented in graphical form as shown in Figure 3.
Based on the graph in Figure 3, we can know the absorption characteristics of each transparent material in the UV-B spectrum range. Fiber Glass Square material shows the absorption character that goes up and down around the value of 4 to 3.5 absorbance scale except in the natural fiber glass square material which has value absorption about 2 absorbance scales. It can be said that these ingredients have a fairly uniform absorption throughout the UV-B spectrum.
Meanwhile the fiber glass CHLADIANPLAST material has absorption characteristic with various values. The characteristic of the blue CHLADIANPLAST fiber glass material is almost similar to the color fiber glass Square material that has going up and down valu e between 4 up to 3.5 absorbance scale. Meanwhile the green CHLADIANPLAST fiber glass material has absorption with a value of around 3 at the beginning of the UV-B spectrum and then propagates down to close to the 2.7 absorbance scales in the range of UV-B spectrum which eventually returns up to close to the 3 absorbance scales in the end of the UV-B spectrum. In contrast to natural CHLADIANPLAST fiber glass material which has a slightly steep absorption characteristic that has value of 1.7 absorbance at the beginning of the UV-B spectrum and drops to close to 1.3 at a wavelength of 288 nm then decreases again until it approaches the value of 1 absorbance scale at the end of the UV-B spectrum.
In mica film materials, the absorption character tends to decrease along the UV-B spectrum. In all types of materials, all natural color ingredients have a lower absorption than those similar materials with other colors. This is due to the presence of dyes which influence the absorption of the colored materials. All ingredients can be said to have absorption characteristic of the UV-B spectrum which is relatively even though each ingredient has different fluctuations, can tend to decrease or go up and down indefinitely. However, each ingredient has absorption with different values.
All brand and color fiber glass material examined in this study have very strong UV-B absorption with a value of more than 1, which means that these materials absorb more than 90% of UV-B radiation. The same thing is in the blue POP-1 mica film material which has more than 90% UV-B absorption. Almost all fiber glass

International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science (IJAERS)
[ Vol-5, Issue-11, Nov-2018]  https://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijaers.5.11.32  ISSN: 2349-6495(P) | 2456-1908(O) materials but natural CHLADIANPLAST fiber glass have UV-B absorption up to around 99%. Meanwhile mica film materials have absorption values of around 0.5 or below which means that this material only has UV-B absorption of about 70% while the remaining 30% or more is transmitted. 30% can be very large if you see the nature of UV-B which has high energy and can be dangerous. For the blue POP-1mica film material and green NIPON mica film material have higher absorption value than the majority of other mica film materials. Blue POP-1 mica film material has a value of almost 1.2 at the beginning of the UV-B spectrum which is equivalent to UV-B absorption of 94% and then sloping downward in the middle of the UV-B spectrum to close to the value of 1 absorbance scale or absorb UV-B 90% and back up to 1.2 absorbance scale at the end of the UV-B spectrum.
Meanwhile the green NIPON mica film has a value of 0.8 at the beginning of the UV-B spectrum which is equivalent to UV-B absorption of more than 86% and tends to decrease until the end of the UV-B spectrum which has UV-B absorption of 82% or has 0.7 value of absorbance scale. From the graph, we can find that for materials with different types of thickness cannot be used as a definite measurement that materials with smaller thickness will have smaller absorption as well. This can be seen in blue POP-1 mica film plastic material and natural color CLADIANPLAST fiber plastic material where both of these materials have almost the same absorption even at the end of the UV-B spectrum of thinner POP-1 mica film which has greater absorption than absorption of natural fiber glass CHLADIANPLAST.
The absorption characteristic material towards UV-B radiation is non-linear with the increase of wavelength along the UV-B spectrum range. In all types of materials and each color have unique and distinctive fluctuations.

IV.
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION Based on the above discussion, it can be concluded that the UV-B absorption of all blue fiber glass and mica film POP-1 materials are very strong of more than 90%. Whereas other mica film materials have UV-B absorption which are varies at the beginning and at the end of the UV-B varied spectrum with value of about 70%. Blue POP-1 mica film material has absorption of about 94%. Green NIPON mica film material has absorption of around 86% at the beginning of the spectrum and around 82% at the end.
The absorption characteristic of material towards UV-B radiation is non-linear with the increased wavelength that has unique and special fluctuations. However, it can be said to have a uniform absorption along UV-B spectrum. Materials that have natural colors have a lower absorption than similar materials that have other colors.
This study uses several brands that are available on the market from different factories with the way they are that differs the samples that cannot be avoided such as the unequal thickness, dyes that can be different, and differences in surface texture. In order to deepen knowledge about this topic, further research needs to consider the influence of the surface texture of the transparent material and try samples that have the same thickness and coloring.