The main zoonoses and their impacts on humans and animals: A literature review

Daniel Rodrigues Silva, Nathaniel Attilas Aleva, Daniel Rodrigues Silva, Lucas Gabriel Martins de Freitas, Wanessa Soares Luiz Silva, Ana Cecília Soares Rodrigues, Eliano da Fonseca Reis

zoonoses, public health, animal impact, transmission, prevention, One Health.

Zoonoses represent a group of infectious diseases that can be transmitted between animals and humans, posing a significant challenge to public health, veterinary medicine, and other related professions. This article presents a detailed review of the main zoonoses, addressing viral, bacterial, parasitic, and fungal etiological agents , their transmission routes, clinical manifestations, socioeconomic impacts, and prevention strategies. Furthermore, it highlights the effects of zoonoses on both human health and animal welfare. Understanding these diseases is essential for the implementation of integrated health policies, reinforcing the One Health approach, which recognizes the interdependence between the health of humans, animals, and the environment.

Received: 06 Oct 2025, Received in revised form: 04 Nov 2025, Accepted: 07 Nov 2025, Available online: 11 Nov 2025

10.22161/ijaers.1211.2