Author- Mai Qionghui, Ouyang Wen, Zhou Lifang, Xingyu*
Abstract- Using grey correlation analysis, quantitative analysis of the relationship between tourism, economy and environment of Hunan, the results show that: (1) tourism and economic have strong correlation, and they have a certain impact on the environment, which is the main factor to restrict the development of Hunan tourism, which is the main factor restricting the development of Hunan tourism.
Keywords- Tourism Economy Environment, Grey Correlation Analysis, Hunan Province
Page No.- 1-6 Download Download this Article

Author- Sirasala Seetharamudu
Abstract- In the past few years good research has been carried on the energy harvesting systems. Energy harvester system is based on the transformation of acoustic vibrations into electrical energy. This harvested energy is being used for niche applications because of its reduced power consumption in modern day electronic systems. Vibration is one of the better ways in terms of quality power and is considered to bean efficient among other ambient energy sources, such as solar energy and Temperature difference. Piezoelectric and electromagnetic devices are mostly used in conversion of vibrations to ac electric power. This input stress/vibration power can be generated by machines, humans and its frequency is generally in the range of Hz to KHz. These vibrations are practically available in the form of different noises. This paper gives an introduction to energy harvesting fundamentals, analysis of low level acoustic vibration transformation to electrical power have been described through simulation results and Comparison of harvested power through different levels of vibrations in form of noise inputs are also presented.
Keywords- Vibratory energy harvester, piezo electric generator, transducer, BLWN, Gaussian
Page No.- 7-14 Download Download this Article

Author- Sonal. U. Potdar, Prof. V. J. Khot
Abstract- Solid waste refers to reuse solid and semi solid waste matters except the night soil. As per Municipal solid waste Management and Handling rules -2000 , solid waste management is in the obligatory function of urban local bodies, but in actual practice the solid waste management is given the last priority and the duties are either not performed or poorly performed consequently the city has to face numerable problems related to environment and sanitation .The solid waste management approach in India is extremely inefficient, using old and obsolete system technology for storage collection processing, treatment and disposal. Hence by taking into ill effects due to improper disposal of wastes due to which the atmosphere becomes ugly and unhygienic; different methods for recycling are used. Composting is one of the methods which is the biological decomposition of biodegradable solid waste under controlled predominantly aerobic conditions to a state that is sufficiently stable for nuisance-free storage and handling and is satisfactorily matured for safe use in agriculture. In order to perform this process it is necessary that the wastes should be bifurcated into degradable and non degradable ones. This can be done by the specially designed equipment named Calcination Drum.
Keywords- Calcination drum, failure analysis of shaft, design of guide ring
Page No.- 15-18 Download Download this Article

Author- Kalyani Sudhir Kulkarni, Prof. V. J. Khot
Abstract- For weight reduction in automobiles as it leads to the reduction of un-sprung elements of the automobile. This includes wheel assembly, axles, and part of the weight of suspension spring and shock absorbers. The leaf spring accounts for 10-20% of the un-sprung weight. The composite materials made it possible to reduce the weight of machine element without any reduction of the load carrying capacity. Because of composite material's high elastic strain energy storage capacity and high strength-to-weight ratio compared with those of steel. FRP spring also have excellent fatigue resistance and durability. But the weight reduction of the leaf spring is achieved not only by material replacement but also by design optimization. Weight reduction has been the focus of automobile manufacturers in the present scenario. The replacement of steel with optimally designed composite leaf spring can provide 75%-78% weight reduction. The material selected is carbon epoxy against conventional steel. The design constraint is bending stress. The optimization study consists of use of software's such as NASTRAN / ANSYS software. Moreover, the composite leaf spring has lower stresses compared to steel spring. All these will result in fuel saving which will make countries energy independent because fuel saved is fuel produced.
Keywords- bending stress, composite leaf spring, carbon epoxy, FRP, NASTRAN / ANSYS software
Page No.- 19-24 Download Download this Article

Author- Pravin Kumar Sharma, Abhishek Sanghi
Abstract- The concept of space-based solar power was first proposed by Dr. Peter Glaser in 1968 and since then the Space Based Power Station Technology (SBPST) has become the newest jargon that has proclaimed its presence in the technical arena. SBPST is a technology that harnesses the sun’s energy twenty-four hours a day that works not only when we have daylight, but also at night, during rain or snow and even on cloudy days. This technique is based on a more efficient way to gather solar energy by launching satellites into orbit around the Earth, where the satellites can capture solar energy, change it into another wavelength and send it to Earth where power stations convert it into usable electricity. All solution options to these challenges should be explored, including opportunities from space. This paper presents a novel space based power station that harnesses the space based power unlike traditional contracted architecture studies. The proposed concept relies on electronic hardware compiled through an innovative and collaborative approach that relies heavily upon interdisciplinary approach to power generation and utilization. The proposed work aims to move the power generation technology beyond the nuclear power generation and seek answer to the question of whether SBPST can be developed and deployed to provide affordable, clean, safe, reliable, sustainable and expandable energy for mankind.
Keywords- Efficiency, Electricity, Green Power. Power Generation, Space Based Power
Page No.- 25-31 Download Download this Article

Author- Mutsalklisana Chaiyaporn ,Verma Apoorva, Saxena Gaurav
Abstract- This paper presents a conceptual design and operation of the sensor based Smart Shelf that is capable of measuring the availability of different types of grocery items and alert the User when the grocery item has reached a predefined threshold level as well as trigger a replenishing order to a predefined grocery store with the User approval or preauthorized list. The Smart Shelf consists of two different sections each leveraging two sensing mechanisms; weight sensing and level sensing. Level sensing section consists of fixed size container having RFID tag defining container size with product description, RFID tag reader, and an Ultrasonic or laser level sensor for measuring the levels of the content in the containers from the top of see through cap. The weight sensing section consists of RFID tags with similar container specification and content identification, RFID tag reader, and weight sensor measuring all contents on that shelf. The embedded sensors measure the level or the weight of the items which is updated to the database whenever the items are placed or taken out. The design comprises of several algorithms; 1) algorithm measuring the availability of a grocery item in a container using the level sensor, 2) algorithm measuring the availability of grocery item in a container using the weight sensor and 3) inventory management algorithm managing the inventory of products inside the Smart Shelf. This design will simplify the responsibility of grocery management, which further can lead to more sophisticated kitchen utility applications. It might be incorporated as a stand-alone operating module in Smart home or Smart Kitchen.
Keywords- Door Sensor, Internet of Things, RFID tag, Ultrasonic Laser Sensor, Weight Sensor
Page No.- 33-36 Download Download this Article

Author- Mukesh Kumar Yadav, Garima Saini
Abstract- The emerging demand for diverse data applications in next generation wireless networks entails both high data rate wireless connections and intelligent multiuser scheduling designs. Orthogonal frequency division multiple access is capable of delivering high speed connections in a multipath environment by dividing an entire channel into many orthogonal narrow band subcarriers and thus eliminating inter symbol interferences, which limits the available data rates. In this paper, we have investigated about resource allocation problem for the downlink of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) wireless multicast systems. It is assumed that the Base Station (BS) consists of multiple antennas in a Distributed Antenna System (DAS) or Collected Antenna System (CAS), whereas each user is equipped with a single antenna., The allocation unit is a set of contiguous subcarriers (chunk) in conventional OFDMA systems. The aim of this investigation is to propose an efficient algorithm to maximize the total throughput with respect to total available power and average Bit Error Rate (BER) over a chunk.
Keywords- MISO-OFDMA, multicast systems, DAS, CAS, multiuser diversity, chunk allocation.
Page No.- 37-40 Download Download this Article

Author- Dr. S B Prakash, Teja V
Abstract- Heat transfer equipment is used to analyze the Convective Heat transfer between solid and perforated pin fins, Heat dissipation is an important factor to consider for any device or equipment which requires heat dissipation. The heat transfer in both solid fins and perforated fins is measured and the purpose of this project is to discuss the difference between solid pin fins and perforated pin fins with 1 perforation and 2 perforation arranged in a array of inline pattern and ascending or staggered pattern and then analyze each arrangement and perforations employed in pin fins to conclude the effective design of fins and effective pattern used which better heat transfer.
Keywords- Natural convection, forced convection, perforated fins, heat transfer rate.
Page No.- 41-43 Download Download this Article

Author- M.Yashwanth Kumar, Ravisandeep Kumar. K, B. Abhimaan
Abstract- More and more automobile companies are going for weight reduction of their vehicles for fuel economy and pollution control. At elevated temperatures aluminum sheet alloys 6061 and 7075, the blank temperature effect on forming behavior and damage factor of these sheets is the objective of the present study. In automotive parts the aluminum alloys have good corrosion resistance, high strength to weight ratio and low formability of aluminum sheets limits in some products with complex shapes. The elevated forming process is intended to overcome this problem. An insight into such a study will throw light on the different temperatures required by the above materials when they are made into TWBs. Using ANSYS a series of simulations were carried out in the present investigation on the formability behaviour of deep drawing of aluminium alloys in the temperature range 200-500°C.
Keywords- Deep Drawing, Geometric modeling, Simulation, Deflection, Stress intensity, Aluminium alloys 6061 and 7075, Ansys software, Manufacturing process.
Page No.- 44-48 Download Download this Article

Author- Mr. M.S.Shinde, Prof. R. R. Karhe, Prof. A. J. Patil
Abstract- Arduino is an open-source platform used for constructing and programming of electronics. It can receive and send information to most devices, and even through the internet to command the specific electronic device. It uses a hardware called arduino uno circuit board and software Arduino hardware and its components shall be looked at. Software and the Environment that Arduino runs on are both looked at too. Some applications will be taken as examples that can help to use Arduino in more interesting fields i.e. 3D Printing Technology. 3D printing is a process of making a three-dimensional solid object of virtually any shape from a digital model. 3D printing is achieved using an additive process, where successive layers of material are laid down in different shapes. 3D printing is also considered distinct from traditional machining techniques, which mostly rely on the removal of material by methods such as cutting or drilling. A materials printer usually performs 3D printing using digital technology. The 3D printing technology is used for both prototyping and distributed manufacturing with applications in architecture, construction, industrial design, automotive, aerospace, military, engineering, civil engineering, dental and medical industries, biotech, fashion, footwear, jewellery, eyewear, education, geographic information systems, food, and many other fields. Open source 3D printing could become a mass market item because domestic 3D printers can offset their capital costs by enabling consumers to avoid costs associated with purchasing common household objects. The proposed system aims to be an affordable alternative to the household user, where currently 3D printing technology is still out of reach for the majority of the population.
Keywords- Open Source Platform, Hardware, Software, Microcontroller.
Page No.- 49-51 Download Download this Article

Author- Shaheen, Manju Mathur
Abstract- Marquardt optimization method is used with the cosine modulation to design the two channel Quadrature mirror filter bank (QMFB). A low pass FIR filter is designed using the above method and then the other filters for the QMF is designed using this low pass prototype filter. Objective function that has to be minimized in this paper is an equation formed by summing the pass-band error, stop-band residual energy, square error of the filter bank at Π/2 and reconstruction ripple. As compared to the existing method the proposed algorithm gives better performance in terms of number of iteration required and the total computation time used by CPU.
Keywords- CMFB, cosine modulation, NOI, NPR, Unconstrained optimization method.
Page No.- 52-56 Download Download this Article

Author- Virendra Swami, Ankit Agarwal
Abstract- Data collection is a major function of many applications in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Practically it is not possible to say that all sensors have the same energy because they have different energy consumptions. In this paper, we have provided the clustering which can be done in two types of networks, homogeneous and heterogeneous networks on the basis of energy consumptions. Homogeneous are those in which nodes have same initial energy while heterogeneous networks are those in which nodes have different initial energy. In this paper, we have studied heterogeneous networks in three levels (Two-Level Heterogeneity, Three-Level Heterogeneity and Three Class Heterogeneity). Distributed Energy Efficient Clustering (DEEC) algorithm is Clustering based algorithm in which cluster head is selected on the basis of probability of ratio of residual energy and the average energy of the network. So, in this algorithm, a node which has more energy has more chances to be a cluster head. ClassicDEEC-3 class and DEEC-3 level perform better than the DEEC-2 level heterogeneity. We have extended it to three-classes of heterogeneity by introducing class 2 nodes and called this extension of the ClassicDEEC-3 class.
Keywords- WSN, DEEC, LEACH, cluster-based protocol.
Page No.- 57-62 Download Download this Article

Author- MK Alaria , AK Sinha
Abstract- In this paper, the design and development of output window for high frequency and high power Gyrotron have been carried out. The design and development of edge cooled single disc RF window for 170 GHz Gyrotron has been carried out. A diameter and thickness of the ceramic window are 90 mm and 3.2 mm, respectively, whose edge is directly cooled by water. The return loss (S11) and insertion loss (S21) of the window have been obtained as -47.5 dB and -0.02 dB respectively. In this paper thermal analysis of RF window has also been carried out using ANSYS software. The disc center and disc edge temperature has been found as 385 K and 288 K, respectively. The cold characterizations have also been carried out using Vector Network Analyzer (VNA). It is also found that simulated results are close to the experimental results.
Keywords- Gyrotron, Alumina ceramic, Gaussian mode, RF window, S-parameters.
Page No.- 63-66 Download Download this Article